bibliography.bib

@article{Decharms96,
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  title = {Primary cortical representation of sounds by the coordination of
	action-potential timing},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {381},
  pages = {610-613}
}
@article{Abarbanel02,
  author = {H.D.I. Abarbanel and R. Huerta and M.I. Rabinovich},
  title = {Dynamical model of long-term synaptic plasticity},
  journal = {Proc. Natl. Academy of Sci. USA},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {59},
  number = {10137-10143}
}
@article{Abarbanel03,
  author = {H.D.I. Abarbanel and R. Huerta and M.I. Rabinovich},
  title = {Dynamical model of long-term synaptic plasticity},
  journal = {Proc. Natl. Academy of Sci. USA},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {59},
  number = {10137-10143}
}
@article{Abarbanel04,
  author = {H.D.I. Abarbanel and G.B. Mindlin and S. Talathi and L. Gibb and
	M.I. Rabinovich},
  title = {Dynamic model of birdsong maintenance and control},
  journal = {Physical Review E},
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  pages = {051911}
}
@article{Abarbanel05,
  author = {H.D.I. Abarbanel and S.S. Talathi and L. Gibb and M.I. Rabinovich},
  title = {Synaptic plasticity with discrete state synapses},
  journal = {Phys. Rev. E},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {72},
  pages = {031914}
}
@article{Abarbanel04a,
  author = {H. D. I. Abarbanel and L. Gibb and G. B. Mindlin and S. Talathi},
  title = {Mapping Neural Architectures onto Acoustic Featurs of Birdsong},
  journal = {J. Neurophysiology},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {92},
  pages = {96-110}
}
@article{Abbott94,
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  title = {Decoding neuronal firing and modeling neural networks},
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}
@incollection{Abbott99,
  author = {L.F. Abbott and Sen Song},
  title = {Temporally asymmetric Hebbian learning, spike timing and neuronal
	response variability},
  booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 11},
  publisher = {MIT-Press},
  year = {1999},
  editor = {S. Kearns and S. A . Solla and D.A. Cohn},
  pages = {69-75},
  address = {Cambridge}
}
@article{Abbott91,
  author = {L. F. Abbott},
  title = {Realistic synaptic inputs for model neural networks.},
  journal = {Network},
  year = {1991},
  volume = {2},
  pages = {245--258}
}
@article{Abbott90,
  author = {Abbott, L F},
  title = {A network of oscillators},
  journal = {J.~Phys.~A},
  year = {1990},
  volume = {23},
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}
@article{Abbott96a,
  author = {L. F. Abbott and Kenneth I. Blum},
  title = {Functional significance of long-term potentiation for sequence learning
	and prediction},
  journal = {Cerebral Cortex},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {6},
  pages = {406-416}
}
@article{Abbott91b,
  author = {L. F. Abbott and E. Fahri and S. Gutmann},
  title = {The path integral for dendritic trees},
  journal = {Biol. Cybern.},
  year = {1991},
  volume = {66},
  pages = {49-60}
}
@incollection{Abbott90b,
  author = {L. F. Abbott and T. B. Kepler},
  title = {Model neurons: from \protect{H}odgkin-\protect{H}uxley to \protect{H}opfield},
  booktitle = {Statistical Mechanics of Neural Networks},
  publisher = {Springer},
  year = {1990},
  editor = {L. Garrido},
  address = {Berlin}
}
@article{Abbott00,
  author = {L. F. Abbott and S. B. Nelson},
  title = {Synaptic Plastictiy - taming the beast.},
  journal = {Nature Neuroscience},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {1178-1183}
}
@article{Abbott00a,
  author = {L. F. Abbott and Sacha B. Nelson},
  title = {Synaptic Plasticity: Taming the Beast},
  journal = {Nature Neuroscience},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {1178--1183},
  keywords = {Plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Abbott00b,
  author = {Abbott, L. F. and Nelson, S. B.},
  title = {{Synaptic plasticity: taming the beast}},
  journal = {Nature Neuroscience},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {1178--1183},
  number = {Suppl.},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Abbott04,
  author = {L. F. Abbott and Wade G. Regehr},
  title = {Synaptic computation},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {431},
  pages = {796-803},
  number = {7010},
  month = oct,
  issn = {0028-0836},
  keywords = {plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature03010}
}
@article{Abbott97,
  author = {L. F. Abbott and J. A. Varela and K. Sen and S. B. Nelson},
  title = {Synaptic depression and cortical gain control},
  journal = {Science},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {275},
  pages = {220-224}
}
@article{Abbott93,
  author = {L. F. Abbott and C. van Vreeswijk},
  title = {Asynchronous states in a network of pulse-coupled oscillators},
  journal = {Phys. Rev. E},
  year = {1993},
  volume = {48},
  pages = {1483-1490}
}
@incollection{Abeles94,
  author = {M. Abeles},
  title = {Firing rates and well-timed events},
  booktitle = {Models of Neural Networks 2},
  publisher = {Springer},
  year = {1994},
  editor = {E. Domany and K. Schulten and J. L. van Hemmen},
  chapter = {3},
  pages = {121-140},
  address = {New York}
}
@book{Abeles91,
  title = {Corticonics},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  year = {1991},
  author = {M. Abeles},
  address = {Cambridge}
}
@book{Abeles82,
  title = {Local cortical circuits.},
  publisher = {Springer--Verlag},
  year = {1982},
  author = {M. Abeles},
  address = {Berlin Heidelberg New York}
}
@article{Abeles93b,
  author = {M. Abeles and H. Bergman and E. Margalit and E. Vaadia},
  title = {Spatiotemporal firing patterns in the frontal cortex of behaving
	monkeys},
  journal = {J. of Neurophysiology},
  year = {1993},
  volume = {70},
  pages = {1629-1638}
}
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  author = {M. Abeles and Y. Lass},
  title = {Transmission of information by the axon.},
  journal = {Biol. Cybern.},
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@incollection{Abeles93,
  author = {M. Abeles and Y. Prut and H. Bergmann and E. Vaadia and A. Aertsen},
  title = {Integration, Synchronicity, and Periodicity},
  booktitle = {Brain Theory},
  publisher = {Elsevier Science Publishers},
  year = {1993},
  editor = {A. Aertsen},
  pages = {149-181}
}
@article{Abeles93c,
  author = {M. Abeles and E. Vaadia and H. Bergman and Y.Prut and I. Haalman
	and H. Slovin},
  title = {Dynamics of neuronal interactions in the frontal cortex of behaving
	monkeys},
  journal = {Concepts in Neuroscience},
  year = {1993},
  volume = {4},
  pages = {131-158}
}
@article{Abraham03,
  author = {W.C. Abraham},
  title = {How long will long-term potentiation last?
	
	},
  journal = {Philosophical Transactions R. Soc. Lond B: Biological Sciences},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {358},
  pages = {735 - 744 }
}
@article{Abraham02,
  author = {W.C. Abraham and B. Logan and J.M. Greenwood and M. Dragunow},
  title = {Induction and Experience-Dependent Consolidation of Stable Long-Term
	Potentiation Lasting Months in the Hippocampus},
  journal = {J. Neuroscience},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {22},
  pages = {9626 - 9634}
}
@article{Abraham08,
  author = {Wickliffe C Abraham},
  title = {Metaplasticity: tuning synapses and networks for plasticity.},
  journal = {Nat Rev Neurosci},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {9},
  pages = {387},
  number = {5},
  month = {May},
  abstract = {Synaptic plasticity is a key component of the learning machinery in
	the brain. It is vital that such plasticity be tightly regulated
	so that it occurs to the proper extent at the proper time. Activity-dependent
	mechanisms that have been collectively termed metaplasticity have
	evolved to help implement these essential computational constraints.
	Various intercellular signalling molecules can trigger lasting changes
	in the ability of synapses to express plasticity; their mechanisms
	of action are reviewed here, along with a consideration of how metaplasticity
	might affect learning and clinical conditions.},
  doi = {10.1038/nrn2356},
  keywords = {plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pii = {nrn2356},
  pmid = {18401345},
  timestamp = {2008.05.08},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrn2356}
}
@article{Achard06,
  author = {Achard, Pablo and De Schutter, Erik},
  title = {Complex parameter landscape for a complex neuron model.},
  journal = {PLoS Comput Biol},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {2},
  pages = {e94},
  number = {7},
  abstract = {The electrical activity of a neuron is strongly dependent on the ionic
	channels present in its membrane. Modifying the maximal conductances
	from these channels can have a dramatic impact on neuron behavior.
	But the effect of such modifications can also be cancelled out by
	compensatory mechanisms among different channels. We used an evolution
	strategy with a fitness function based on phase-plane analysis to
	obtain 20 very different computational models of the cerebellar Purkinje
	cell. All these models produced very similar outputs to current injections,
	including tiny details of the complex firing pattern. These models
	were not completely isolated in the parameter space, but neither
	did they belong to a large continuum of good models that would exist
	if weak compensations between channels were sufficient. The parameter
	landscape of good models can best be described as a set of loosely
	connected hyperplanes. Our method is efficient in finding good models
	in this complex landscape. Unraveling the landscape is an important
	step towards the understanding of functional homeostasis of neurons.},
  address = {Theoretical Neurobiology, University of Antwerp, Belgium.},
  au = {Achard, P and De Schutter, E},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.0020094},
  da = {20060719},
  date-added = {2008-03-30 22:22:38 +0200},
  date-modified = {2008-03-30 22:23:38 +0200},
  dcom = {20060908},
  doi = {10.1371/journal.pcbi.0020094},
  edat = {2006/07/20 09:00},
  issn = {1553-7358 (Electronic)},
  jid = {101238922},
  jt = {PLoS computational biology},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20061115},
  mh = {Algorithms; Cell Line; Computational Biology; Humans; *Models, Neurological;
	Neurons/*metabolism; Purkinje Cells/metabolism; Synapses/metabolism},
  mhda = {2006/09/09 09:00},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  phst = {2006/03/23 {$[$}received{$]$}; 2006/06/08 {$[$}accepted{$]$}},
  pii = {06-PLCB-RA-0109R2},
  pl = {United States},
  pmid = {16848639},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't},
  pubm = {Print},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {PLoS Comput Biol. 2006 Jul 21;2(7):e94. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Adams05,
  author = {J.P. Adams and S.M. Dudek},
  title = {Late-phase long-term potentiation: getting to the nucleus},
  journal = {Nature Reviews Neuroscience},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {6},
  pages = {737-743 }
}
@article{Adelsen85,
  author = {Adelsen, E. H. and Bergen, J. R.},
  title = {Spatiotemporal energy models for the perception of motion},
  journal = {Journal Optical Society of America A},
  year = {1985},
  volume = {2},
  pages = {284--299},
  number = {2},
  keywords = {Vision, Vision-Models},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{Adrian28,
  title = {The basis of sensation},
  publisher = {W.W. Norton, New York},
  year = {1928},
  author = {E. D. Adrian}
}
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  author = {E. D. Adrian},
  title = {The impulses produced by sensory nerve endings.},
  journal = {J. Physiol. (London)},
  year = {1926},
  volume = {61},
  pages = {49--72}
}
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  author = {Ad Aertsen and Martin Arndt},
  title = {Response synchronization in the visual cortex},
  journal = {Current Opinion in Neurobiology},
  year = {1993},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {586-594}
}
@incollection{Aertsen86,
  author = {A. Aertsen and G. Gerstein and P. Johannesma},
  title = {From neuron to assembly: Neuronal organization and stimulus representation.},
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  publisher = {Springer--Verlag},
  year = {1986},
  editor = {G. Palm and A. Aertsen},
  pages = {7-24},
  address = {Berlin Heidelberg New York}
}
@article{Aguera03b,
  author = {Aguera y Arcas, B. and A.L. Fairhall},
  title = {What causes a neuron to spike?},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {15},
  pages = {1789-1803}
}
@article{Aguera03a,
  author = {Aguera y Arcas, B. and A.L. Fairhall and W. Bialek},
  title = {Computation in a single neuron: Hodgkin-Huxley revisited},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {15},
  pages = {1715-1749}
}
@article{Aguera03,
  author = {Aguera y Arcas, Blaise and Fairhall, Adrienne L and Bialek, William},
  title = {Computation in a single neuron: Hodgkin and Huxley revisited.},
  journal = {Neural Comput},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {15},
  pages = {1715--1749},
  number = {8},
  abstract = {A spiking neuron "computes" by transforming a complex dynamical input
	into a train of action potentials, or spikes. The computation performed
	by the neuron can be formulated as dimensional reduction, or feature
	detection, followed by a nonlinear decision function over the low-dimensional
	space. Generalizations of the reverse correlation technique with
	white noise input provide a numerical strategy for extracting the
	relevant low-dimensional features from experimental data, and information
	theory can be used to evaluate the quality of the low-dimensional
	approximation. We apply these methods to analyze the simplest biophysically
	realistic model neuron, the Hodgkin-Huxley (HH) model, using this
	system to illustrate the general methodological issues. We focus
	on the features in the stimulus that trigger a spike, explicitly
	eliminating the effects of interactions between spikes. One can approximate
	this triggering "feature space" as a two-dimensional linear subspace
	in the high-dimensional space of input histories, capturing in this
	way a substantial fraction of the mutual information between inputs
	and spike time. We find that an even better approximation, however,
	is to describe the relevant subspace as two dimensional but curved;
	in this way, we can capture 90% of the mutual information even at
	high time resolution. Our analysis provides a new understanding of
	the computational properties of the HH model. While it is common
	to approximate neural behavior as "integrate and fire," the HH model
	is not an integrator nor is it well described by a single threshold.},
  address = {Rare Books Library, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
	blaisea@princeton.edu},
  au = {Aguera y Arcas, B and Fairhall, AL and Bialek, W},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/08997660360675017},
  da = {20030926},
  date-added = {2008-03-27 14:10:56 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-27 14:11:00 +0100},
  dcom = {20031023},
  doi = {10.1162/08997660360675017},
  edat = {2003/09/27 05:00},
  issn = {0899-7667 (Print)},
  jid = {9426182},
  jt = {Neural computation},
  language = {eng},
  mh = {Action Potentials/*physiology; *Models, Neurological; Neurons/*physiology},
  mhda = {2003/10/24 05:00},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pl = {United States},
  pmid = {14511510},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article},
  pubm = {Print},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {Neural Comput. 2003 Aug;15(8):1715-49. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
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  title = {The reverse hierarchy theory of visual perceptual learning},
  journal = {Trends in Cognitive Sciences},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {8},
  pages = {457-464},
  keywords = {Perceptual-Learning},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
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  keywords = {Vision, Vision-Physiology},
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  author = {Alonso, J.M. and Martinez, L.M.},
  title = {{Functional connectivity between simple cells and complex cells in
	cat striate cortex}},
  journal = {Nat Neurosci},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {1},
  pages = {395--403},
  number = {5},
  keywords = {Vision, Vision-Physiology},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
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  title = {Emerging Principles of intrinsic hippocampal organization},
  journal = {Current Opinion in Neurobiology},
  year = {1993},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {225--229},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
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  author = {S.~Amari},
  title = {Neural theory of assocation and concept-formation},
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  year = {1977},
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  author = {S.~Amari},
  title = {A mathematical foundation of statistical neurodynamics},
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  year = {1977},
  volume = {33},
  pages = {95-126}
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  author = {S.~Amari},
  title = {Dynamics of pattern formation in lateral-inhibition type neural fields},
  journal = {Biol. Cybern.},
  year = {1977},
  volume = {27},
  pages = {77-87}
}
@article{Amari74,
  author = {S. Amari},
  title = {A method of statistical neurodynamics},
  journal = {Kybernetik},
  year = {1974},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {201-215}
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@article{Amari72,
  author = {S. Amari},
  title = {Characteristics of random nets of analog neuron-like elements},
  journal = {IEEE transactions systems, man, cybernetics},
  year = {1972},
  volume = {2},
  pages = {643-657}
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  author = {D.J. Amit and S. Fusi},
  title = {Learning in neural networks with material synapses},
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  volume = {6},
  pages = {957-982}
}
@book{Amit89,
  title = {Modeling brain function.},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  year = {1989},
  author = {D. J. Amit},
  address = {Cambridge UK}
}
@article{Amit97,
  author = {D. J. Amit and N. Brunel},
  title = {Dynamics of a recurrent network of spiking neurons before and following
	learning},
  journal = {Network},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {8},
  pages = {373-404}
}
@article{Amit97a,
  author = {D. J. Amit and N. Brunel},
  title = {A model of spontaneous activity and local delay activity during delay
	periods in the cerebral cortex},
  journal = {Cerebral Cortex},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {7},
  pages = {237-252}
}
@article{Amit87a,
  author = {D. J. Amit and H. Gutfreund and H. Sompolinsky},
  title = {Statistical mechanics of neural networks near saturation.},
  journal = {Ann~Phys~(NY)},
  year = {1987},
  volume = {173},
  pages = {30--67}
}
@article{Amit87b,
  author = {Amit, D J and H Gutfreund and H Sompolinsky},
  title = {Information storage in neural networks with low levels of activity},
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  year = {1987},
  volume = {35},
  pages = {2293-2303}
}
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  author = {D. J. Amit and H. Gutfreund and H. Sompolinsky},
  title = {Spin--glass models of neural networks.},
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  year = {1985},
  volume = {32},
  pages = {1007--1032}
}
@article{Amit85b,
  author = {Amit, D J and H Gutfreund and H Sompolinsky},
  title = {Storing infinite number of patterns in a spin-glass model of neural
	networks},
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  year = {1985},
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}
@article{Amit92,
  author = {D. J. Amit and M. V. Tsodyks},
  title = {Effective neurons and attractor neural networks in cortical environment},
  journal = {Network},
  year = {1992},
  volume = {3},
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}
@article{Amit91,
  author = {D. J. Amit and M. V. Tsodyks},
  title = {Quantitative study of attractor neural networks retrieving at low
	spike rates. I: Substrate --- spikes, rates, and neuronal gain.},
  journal = {Network},
  year = {1991},
  volume = {2},
  pages = {259--273}
}
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  author = {Anderson, J A},
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  author = {Anderson, J A},
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@article{Anderson03,
  author = {M. I. Anderson and K. J. Jeffery},
  title = {{Heterogeneous modulation of place cell firing by changes in context}},
  journal = {Journal of Neuroscience},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {23},
  pages = {8827--8835},
  number = {26},
  month = oct,
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Anzai07,
  author = {Anzai, A. and Peng, X. and Van Essen, D.C.},
  title = {{Neurons in monkey visual area V2 encode combinations of orientations}},
  journal = {Nature Neuroscience},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {10},
  pages = {1313--1321},
  keywords = {Vision-Physiology, vision},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Apicella91,
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  pages = {945-960}
}
@article{Appleby06,
  author = {Peter Appleby and Terry Elliot},
  title = {Stable Competitive Dynamics Emerge from Multispike Interactions in
	a Stochastic Model of Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {18},
  pages = {2414-2464},
  number = {10},
  keywords = {Plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Appleby05a,
  author = {Peter Appleby and Terry Elliot},
  title = {Synaptic and Temporal Ensemble Interpretation of Spike-Timing-Dependent
	Plasticity},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {17},
  pages = {2316--2336},
  number = {11},
  keywords = {Plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Appleby05,
  author = {P.A. Appleby and T. Elliott},
  title = {Synaptic and temporal ensemble interpretation of spike-timing-dependent
	plasticity},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {17},
  pages = {2316-2336}
}
@article{Araujo01,
  author = {I. E. T. de Araujo and E. T. Rolls and S. M. Stringer},
  title = {A view model which accounts for the spatial fields of hippocampal
	primate spatial view cells and rat place cells},
  journal = {Hippocampus},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {11},
  pages = {699--706},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{Arbib95,
  title = {The handbook of brain theory and neural networks},
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  year = {1995},
  author = {M. A. Arbib},
  address = {Cambridge, MA}
}
@article{Arbuthnot96,
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}
@article{Arieli96,
  author = {A. Arieli and A. STerkin and A. Grinvald and A. Aertsen},
  title = {Dynamics of Ongoing Activity: Explanation of the Large Variability
	in Evoked Cortical Responses },
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}
@incollection{Arleo01a,
  author = {A. Arleo and W. Gerstner},
  title = {{Hippocampal spatial model for state space representation in robotic
	reinforcement learning}},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the fifth European Workshop on Reinforcement learning},
  publisher = {CKI, Utrecht University},
  year = {2001},
  editor = {M. A. Wiering},
  pages = {1-3}
}
@article{Arleo01,
  author = {A. Arleo and W. Gerstner},
  title = {{Spatial orientation in navigating agents: Modeling head-direction
	cells}},
  journal = {Neurocomputing},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {38-40},
  pages = {1059--1065}
}
@article{Arleo00,
  author = {A. Arleo and W. Gerstner},
  title = {Spatial cognition and neuro-mimetic navigation: a model of hippocampal
	place cell activity},
  journal = {Biological Cybernetics},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {83},
  pages = {287-299},
  number = {3}
}
@incollection{Arleo99a,
  author = {A. Arleo and W. Gerstner},
  title = {A vision-driven model of hippocampal place cells and temporally asymmetric
	\protect{LTP}-induction for action learning},
  booktitle = {ICANN'99 Artificial Neural Networks},
  publisher = {IEE Conference Publication},
  year = {1999},
  pages = {132-137}
}
@article{Arleo04,
  author = {A. Arleo and F. Smeraldi and W. Gerstner},
  title = {Cognitive navigation based on non-uniform Gabor space sampling, unsupervised
	growing networks, and reinforcement learning},
  journal = {IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks,},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {15},
  pages = {639-652}
}
@article{Arleo04a,
  author = {A. Arleo and M. Zugaro and C. D\'{e}jean and E. Burgui\`{e}re and
	M. Khamassi and S. I. Wiener},
  title = {Rat anterodorsal thalamic head direction neurons depend upon dynamic
	visual signals to select anchoring landmark cues},
  journal = {Europ Journal of Neuroscience},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {20},
  pages = {530--536},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Arsiero07,
  author = {Arsiero, Maura and Luscher, Hans-Rudolf and Lundstrom, Brian Nils
	and Giugliano, Michele},
  title = {The impact of input fluctuations on the frequency-current relationships
	of layer 5 pyramidal neurons in the rat medial prefrontal cortex.},
  journal = {J Neurosci},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {27},
  pages = {3274--3284},
  number = {12},
  abstract = {The role of irregular cortical firing in neuronal computation is still
	debated, and it is unclear how signals carried by fluctuating synaptic
	potentials are decoded by downstream neurons. We examined in vitro
	frequency versus current (f-I) relationships of layer 5 (L5) pyramidal
	cells of the rat medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) using fluctuating
	stimuli. Studies in the somatosensory cortex show that L5 neurons
	become insensitive to input fluctuations as input mean increases
	and that their f-I response becomes linear. In contrast, our results
	show that mPFC L5 pyramidal neurons retain an increased sensitivity
	to input fluctuations, whereas their sensitivity to the input mean
	diminishes to near zero. This implies that the discharge properties
	of L5 mPFC neurons are well suited to encode input fluctuations rather
	than input mean in their firing rates, with important consequences
	for information processing and stability of persistent activity at
	the network level.},
  address = {Institute of Physiology, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.},
  au = {Arsiero, M and Luscher, HR and Lundstrom, BN and Giugliano, M},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4937-06.2007},
  da = {20070322},
  date-added = {2008-03-29 13:26:21 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-29 13:26:32 +0100},
  dcom = {20070412},
  doi = {10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4937-06.2007},
  edat = {2007/03/23 09:00},
  gr = {T32 07266/United States PHS},
  issn = {1529-2401 (Electronic)},
  jid = {8102140},
  jt = {The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society
	for Neuroscience},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20071203},
  mh = {Action Potentials/*physiology; Animals; Electric Stimulation/methods;
	Nerve Net/physiology; Neurons/*physiology; Prefrontal Cortex/*physiology;
	Rats; Rats, Wistar},
  mhda = {2007/04/14 09:00},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pii = {27/12/3274},
  pl = {United States},
  pmid = {17376988},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural;
	Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't},
  pubm = {Print},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {J Neurosci. 2007 Mar 21;27(12):3274-84. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Artola90,
  author = {A. Artola and S. Br\protect{\"o}cher and W. Singer},
  title = {Different voltage dependent thresholds for inducing long-term depression
	and long-term potentiation in slices of rat visual cortex},
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  year = {1990},
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}
@article{Artola93,
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	relationship to long-term potentiation},
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}
@article{Astakhov98,
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	Anishchenko},
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	loss in coupled systems},
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  year = {1998},
  volume = {58},
  pages = {5620-5628},
  annote = {Hasler - paper cited in grant proposal}
}
@article{Atick90,
  author = {J.J. Atick and A.N. Redlich},
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}
@article{Atick92,
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  title = {Could information theory provide an ecological theory of sensory
	processing?},
  journal = {Network: Computation in Neural Systems},
  year = {1992},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {213-251},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Attneave54,
  author = {Fred Attneave},
  title = {Some Informational Aspects of Visual Perception},
  journal = {Psychological Review},
  year = {1954},
  volume = {61},
  pages = {183--192},
  number = {3},
  keywords = {Vision-Models, Optimal-Coding},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Av-ron91,
  author = {E. Av-Ron and H. Parnas and L.A. Segel},
  title = {A minimal biophysical model for an excitable and oscillatory neuron},
  journal = {Biol. Cybern.},
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}
@article{Aviel06,
  author = {Y. Aviel and W. Gerstner},
  title = {From spiking neurons to rate models: a cascade model as an approximation
	to spiking neuron models with refractoriness },
  journal = {Phys. Rev. E},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {73},
  pages = {51908}
}
@article{Aviel06a,
  author = {Aviel, Y. and Gerstner, W.},
  title = {{From spiking neurons to rate models: A cascade model as an approximation
	to spiking neuron models with refractoriness}},
  journal = {Physical Review E},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {73},
  pages = {51908},
  number = {5},
  keywords = {neuronal-processing},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {APS},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Azouz00,
  author = {R. Azouz and C.M. Gray},
  title = {Dynamic spike threshold reveals a mechanism for coincidence detection
	in cortical neurons in vivo},
  journal = {Proc. National Academy of Sciences USA},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {97},
  pages = {8110-8115}
}
@article{Azouz03,
  author = {Rony Azouz and Charles M. Gray},
  title = {Adaptive Coincidence Detection and Dynamic Gain Control in Visual
	Cortical Neurons In Vivo},
  journal = {Neuron},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {37},
  pages = {513--523}
}
@article{Azouz03a,
  author = {Azouz, Rony and Gray, Charles M},
  title = {Adaptive coincidence detection and dynamic gain control in visual
	cortical neurons in vivo.},
  journal = {Neuron},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {37},
  pages = {513--523},
  number = {3},
  abstract = {Several theories have proposed a functional role for response synchronization
	in sensory perception. Critics of these theories have argued that
	selective synchronization is physiologically implausible when cortical
	networks operate at high levels of activity. Using intracellular
	recordings from visual cortex in vivo, in combination with numerical
	simulations, we find dynamic changes in spike threshold that reduce
	cellular sensitivity to slow depolarizations and concurrently increase
	the relative sensitivity to rapid depolarizations. Consistent with
	this, we find that spike activity and high-frequency fluctuations
	in membrane potential are closely correlated and that both are more
	tightly tuned for stimulus orientation than the mean membrane potential.
	These findings suggest that under high-input conditions the spike-generating
	mechanism adaptively enhances the sensitivity to synchronous inputs
	while simultaneously decreasing the sensitivity to temporally uncorrelated
	inputs.},
  address = {Center for Computational Biology and Department of Cell Biology and
	Neuroscience, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA.},
  au = {Azouz, R and Gray, CM},
  da = {20030210},
  date-added = {2008-03-27 01:33:03 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-27 01:33:13 +0100},
  dcom = {20030404},
  edat = {2003/02/11 04:00},
  issn = {0896-6273 (Print)},
  jid = {8809320},
  jt = {Neuron},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20061115},
  mh = {Action Potentials/physiology; Adaptation, Ocular/*physiology; Animals;
	Cats; Evoked Potentials, Visual/physiology; Female; Male; Neurons/*physiology;
	Orientation/physiology; Sensory Thresholds/physiology; Visual Cortex/*cytology/*physiology},
  mhda = {2003/04/05 05:00},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pii = {S0896627302011868},
  pl = {United States},
  pmid = {12575957},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.},
  pubm = {Print},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {Neuron. 2003 Feb 6;37(3):513-23. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Bach00,
  author = {M. Bach and C. Schmitt and T. Quenzer and T. Meigen and M. Fahle},
  title = {{Summation of texture segregation across orientation and spatial
	frequency: electrophysiological and psychophysical findings}},
  journal = {Vision Research},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {40},
  pages = {3559--3566},
  number = {26},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@inproceedings{Baddeley98,
  author = {R. Baddeley and L. F. Abbott and M. Booth and F. Sengpiel and T.
	Freeman},
  title = {Responses of neurons in primary and inferior temporal visual cortices
	to natural scenes},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Royal Society London},
  year = {1998},
  number = {264},
  series = {B},
  pages = {1775-1783},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Badel06,
  author = {L. Badel and W. Gerstner and M.J.E. Richardson},
  title = {Dependence of the Spike-Triggered Average Voltage on Membrane Response
	Properties},
  journal = {Neurocomputing},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {69},
  pages = {1062-1065}
}
@article{Badel07,
  author = {Badel, L and Lefort, S and Brette, R and Petersen, CC and Gerstner,
	W and Richardson, MJ},
  title = {Dynamic I-V curves are reliable predictors of naturalistic pyramidal-neuron
	voltage traces.},
  journal = {J Neurophysiol},
  year = {2007},
  abstract = {Neuronal response properties are typically probed by intracellular
	measurements of current-voltage (I-V) relationships during application
	of current or voltage steps. Here we demonstrate the measurement
	of a novel I-V curve measured while the neuron exhibits a fluctuating
	voltage and emits spikes. This dynamic I-V curve requires only a
	few tens of seconds of experimental time and so lends itself readily
	to the rapid classification of cell type, quantification of heterogeneities
	in cell populations and to the generation of reduced analytical models.
	We apply this technique to layer-5 pyramidal cells and show that
	their dynamic I-V curve comprises linear and exponential components,
	providing experimental evidence for a recently-proposed theoretical
	model. The approach also allows us to determine the change of neuronal
	response properties after a spike, millisecond by millisecond, so
	that post-spike refractoriness of pyramidal cells can be quantified.
	Observations of I-V curves during and in absence of refractoriness
	are cast into a model which is used to predict both the subthreshold
	response and spiking activity of the neuron to novel stimuli. The
	predictions of the resulting model are in excellent agreement with
	experimental data and close to the intrinsic neuronal reproducibility
	to repeated stimuli.},
  address = {School of Computer and Communications Sciences and Brain-Mind Institute,
	Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Switzerland.},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.01107.2007},
  da = {20071206},
  date-added = {2007-12-12 22:17:33 +0100},
  date-modified = {2007-12-12 22:23:24 +0100},
  dep = {20071205},
  doi = {10.1152/jn.01107.2007},
  edat = {2007/12/07 09:00},
  issn = {0022-3077 (Print)},
  jid = {0375404},
  language = {ENG},
  mhda = {2007/12/07 09:00},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pii = {01107.2007},
  pmid = {18057107},
  pst = {aheadofprint},
  pt = {JOURNAL ARTICLE},
  pubm = {Print-Electronic},
  so = {J Neurophysiol. 2007 Dec 5;. },
  stat = {Publisher},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Badel04,
  author = {L. Badel and A. Tonnelier},
  title = {Pulse propagation in discrete excitatory networks of integrate-and-fire
	neurons},
  journal = {Physical Review E},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {70},
  pages = {11906}
}
@article{Badoual06,
  author = {Mathilde Badoual and Quan Zou and Andrew P Davison and Michael Rudolph
	and Thierry Bal and Yves Frégnac and Alain Destexhe},
  title = {Biophysical and phenomenological models of multiple spike interactions
	in spike-timing dependent plasticity.},
  journal = {Int J Neural Syst},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {16},
  pages = {79--97},
  number = {2},
  month = {Apr},
  abstract = {Spike-timing dependent plasticity (STDP) is a form of associative
	synaptic modification which depends on the respective timing of pre-
	and post-synaptic spikes. The biophysical mechanisms underlying this
	form of plasticity are currently not known. We present here a biophysical
	model which captures the characteristics of STDP, such as its frequency
	dependency, and the effects of spike pair or spike triplet interactions.
	We also make links with other well-known plasticity rules. A simplified
	phenomenological model is also derived, which should be useful for
	fast numerical simulation and analytical investigation of the impact
	of STDP at the network level.},
  institution = {Integrative and Computational Neuroscience Unit (UNIC), CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette,
	France.},
  keywords = {Action Potentials; Animals; Biophysics; Computer Simulation; Models,
	Neurological; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Synapses},
  owner = {cmellier},
  pii = {S0129065706000524},
  pmid = {16688849},
  timestamp = {2008.05.08}
}
@article{Bair96,
  author = {W. Bair and C. Koch},
  title = {Temporal precision of spike trains in extrastriate cortex of the
	behaving macaque monekey},
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  pages = {1185-1202}
}
@article{Bair94,
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}
@article{Bair01,
  author = {W. Bair and E. Zohary and W.T. Newsome},
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	to behavior},
  journal = {J. Neuroscience},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {21},
  pages = {1676-1697}
}
@article{Baird86,
  author = {B. Baird},
  title = {Nonlinear dynamics of pattern formation and pattern recognition in
	the rabbit olfactory bulb.},
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  year = {1986},
  volume = {22},
  pages = {150--175}
}
@article{Baird01,
  author = {J. C. Baird and J. S. Taube and D. V. Peterson},
  title = {{Statistical and information properties of head direction cells}},
  journal = {Perception \& psychophysics},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {63},
  pages = {1026--1037},
  number = {6},
  month = aug,
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Bak89,
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@article{Baldissera74,
  author = {F. Baldissera and B. Gustafsson},
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}
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  author = {K. Ball and R. Sekuler},
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  journal = {Vision Research},
  year = {1987},
  volume = {27},
  pages = {953-965},
  keywords = {Perceptual-Learning},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Ball82,
  author = {K. Ball and R. Sekuler},
  title = {A specific and enduring improvement in visual motion discrimination},
  journal = {Science},
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  volume = {218},
  pages = {697-698},
  keywords = {Perceptual-Learning},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Baras07,
  author = {Dorit Baras and Ron Meir},
  title = {Reinforcement Learning, Spike-Time-Dependent Plasticity, and the
	BCM Rule},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {19},
  pages = {2245--2279},
  number = {8},
  address = {Cambridge, MA, USA},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco.2007.19.8.2245},
  issn = {0899-7667},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Barber02,
  author = {D. Barber and F. Agakov},
  title = {Spiking Sequence Learning using maximum likelihood: {H}opfield networks},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {to appear},
  pages = {xx}
}
@article{Barlow80,
  author = {H.B. Barlow},
  title = {The absolute efficiency of perceptual decisions},
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  pages = {71-82}
}
@article{Barlow56,
  author = {H.B. Barlow},
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  pages = {634-639}
}
@inbook{Barlow89a,
  pages = {54--72},
  title = {{Adaptation and decorrelation in the cortex}},
  publisher = {Addison-Wesley Longman Publishing Co., Inc. Boston, MA, USA},
  year = {1989},
  author = {Barlow, H. and F{\"o}ldi{\'a}k, P.},
  journal = {Addison-Wesley Computation And Neural Systems Series},
  keywords = {plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Barlow69,
  author = {H.B. Barlow and W.R. Levick},
  title = {3 factors limiting reliable detection of light by retinal ganglion
	cells of cat},
  journal = {J. Physiology (London)},
  year = {1969},
  volume = {200},
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}
@incollection{Barlow61a,
  author = {Horace B. Barlow},
  title = {Possible Principles Underlying the Transformations of Sensory Messages},
  booktitle = {Sensory Communication},
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  year = {1961},
  editor = {W. A. Rosenblith},
  pages = {183--192},
  edition = {{Cambridge}},
  keywords = {Optimal-Coding},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@incollection{Barlow61,
  author = {H. B. Barlow},
  title = {Possible Principles underlying the transformation of sensory messages},
  booktitle = {Sensory Communication},
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  year = {1961},
  editor = {W. A. Rosenbluth},
  pages = {217-234}
}
@article{Barlow89,
  author = {H. B. Barlow},
  title = {Unsupervised learning},
  journal = {Neural. Comp.},
  year = {1989},
  volume = {1},
  pages = {295-311}
}
@article{Barlow63,
  author = {H. B. Barlow},
  title = {The information capacity of nervous transmission},
  journal = {Kybernetik},
  year = {1963},
  volume = {2},
  pages = {1}
}
@article{Barlow71,
  author = {H. B. Barlow and W. R. Levick and M. Yoon},
  title = {Responses to single quanta of light in retinal ganglion cells of
	the cat},
  journal = {Vision Res. Suppl.},
  year = {1971},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {87-101}
}
@article{Barlow64,
  author = {J.S. Barlow},
  title = {{Inertial navigation as a basis for animal navigation}},
  journal = {Journal of Theoretical Biology},
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  author = {Barndorff-Nielsen, O.E. and Cox, D.R.},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
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	in a model of primary visual cortex},
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  year = {2001},
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  pages = {41--55},
  number = {1},
  keywords = {vision, plasticity, vision-models},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {Springer},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Bastian92,
  author = {J. Bastian},
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	attenuating responses to reafferent electrosensory inputs},
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	neuronal assembly.},
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@inproceedings{Bauer93a,
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  journal = {Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {15},
  pages = {319--350},
  number = {4},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Baxter01,
  author = {Baxter, J. and Bartlett, P. and Weaver, L. },
  title = {Experiments with Infinite-Horizon, Policy- Gradient Estimation},
  journal = {Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {15},
  pages = {351--381},
  citeulike-article-id = {2374785},
  keywords = {daanbib, gradients, policy},
  priority = {2}
}
@book{Beale90,
  title = {Neural Computation: An Introduction},
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  address = {Bristol}
}
@article{Bear03,
  author = {M.F. Bear},
  title = {Bidirectional synaptic plasticity: from theory to reality},
  journal = {Philosophical Transactions R. Soc. Lond B: Biological Sciences },
  year = {2003},
  volume = {358},
  pages = {649 - 655}
}
@article{Bear94,
  author = {M.F. Bear and R. C. Malenka},
  title = {Synaptic plasticity: LTP and LTD},
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  volume = {4},
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}
@article{Beck08,
  author = {Heinz Beck and Yoel Yaari},
  title = {Plasticity of intrinsic neuronal properties in CNS disorders.},
  journal = {Nat Rev Neurosci},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {9},
  pages = {357--369},
  number = {5},
  month = {May},
  abstract = {The input-output relationship of neuronal networks depends both on
	their synaptic connectivity and on the intrinsic properties of their
	neuronal elements. In addition to altered synaptic properties, profound
	changes in intrinsic neuronal properties are observed in many CNS
	disorders. These changes reflect alterations in the functional properties
	of dendritic and somatic voltage- and Ca2+-gated ion channels. The
	molecular mechanisms underlying this intrinsic plasticity comprise
	the highly specific transcriptional or post-transcriptional regulation
	of ion-channel expression, trafficking and function. The studies
	reviewed here show that intrinsic plasticity, in conjunction with
	synaptic plasticity, can fundamentally alter the input-output properties
	of neuronal networks in CNS disorders.},
  doi = {10.1038/nrn2371},
  keywords = {plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pii = {nrn2371},
  pmid = {18425090},
  timestamp = {2008.05.08},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrn2371}
}
@article{Becker05,
  author = {Suzanna Becker},
  title = {A computational principle for hippocampal learning and neurogenesis},
  journal = {Hippocampus},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {15},
  pages = {722--738},
  keywords = {hippocampus, neurogenesis},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Becker96,
  author = {S. Becker},
  title = {Mutual Information Maximization: Models of Cortical Self-Organization},
  journal = {Network: Computation in Neural Systems},
  year = {1996},
  pages = {7-31},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  volune = {7}
}
@article{Becker92,
  author = {Becker, Suzanna and Hinton, Geoffrey E.},
  title = {A Self-Organizing Neural Network that Discovers Surfaces in Random-Dot
	Stereograms.},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {1992},
  volume = {355},
  pages = {161--163},
  number = {6356},
  keywords = {slowness, Vision-Models},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  urlabstract = {http://www.science.mcmaster.ca/Psychology/becker/papers/BH92.abs.html}
}
@article{Bednar00,
  author = {Bednar, J.A. and Miikkulainen, R.},
  title = {Tilt Aftereffects in a Self-Organizing Model of the Primary Visual
	Cortex},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {12},
  pages = {1721--1740},
  number = {7},
  keywords = {Plasticity, Vision, Vision-Models},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Beggs00,
  author = {J.M. Beggs},
  title = {A statistical theory of long-term potentiation and depression},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {13},
  pages = {87-111}
}
@article{Bell95,
  author = {A.J. Bell and T.J. Sejnowski},
  title = {An information maximization approach to blind separation and blind
	deconvolution},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {7},
  pages = {1129-1159}
}
@article{Bell97b,
  author = {Anthony J. Bell and Terrence J. Sejnowski},
  title = {The 'Independent Components' of Natural Scenes are Edge Filters},
  journal = {Vision Research},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {37},
  pages = {3327--3338},
  keywords = {ICA, vision, Vision-Models, Optimal-Coding},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Bell95a,
  author = {Anthony J. Bell and Terrence J. Sejnowski},
  title = {An information maximisation approach to blind separation and blind
	deconvolution},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {7},
  pages = {1129--1159},
  number = {6},
  keywords = {ICA },
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Bell97a,
  author = {C.C. Bell and D. Bodznick and J. Montgomery and J. Bastian},
  title = {The generation and subtraction of sensory expectations within cerebellar-like
	structures},
  journal = {Brain. Beh. Evol.},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {50},
  pages = {17-31},
  note = {suppl. {I}}
}
@article{Bell97,
  author = {C.C. Bell and V. Han and Y. Sugawara and K. Grant},
  title = {Synaptic plasticity in a cerebellum-like structure depends on temporal
	order},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {387},
  pages = {278-281}
}
@article{Bellman57b,
  author = {R.E. Bellman},
  title = {A Markov decision process},
  journal = {J. Mathematical Mechanics},
  year = {1957},
  volume = {6},
  pages = {679-684}
}
@book{Bellman57,
  title = {Dynamic Programming},
  publisher = {Princeton University Press},
  year = {1957},
  author = {R. E. Bellman},
  address = {Princeton}
}
@incollection{Bell05a,
  author = {Anthony J. {Bell} and Lucas C. {Parra}},
  title = {Maximising Sensitivity in a Spiking Network},
  booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 17},
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  year = {2005},
  editor = {Lawrence K. Saul and Yair Weiss and {L\'{e}on} Bottou},
  pages = {121-128},
  address = {Cambridge, MA},
  original = {0121_533.PDF}
}
@article{Belouchrani97,
  author = {Adel Belouchrani and Karim Abed-Meraim and Jean-Francois Cardoso
	and Eric Moulines},
  title = {A blind source separation technique using second order statistics},
  journal = {IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {45},
  pages = {434--444},
  keywords = {ICA },
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Belykh00,
  author = {I. Belykh and V. Belykh and M. Hasler},
  title = {Hierarchy and stability of partially synchronous oscillations of
	diffusively coupled dynamical systems},
  journal = {Physical Revue E},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {62},
  pages = {6332-6345}
}
@article{Belykh05,
  author = {I. Belykh and E. De Lange and M. Hasler},
  title = {Synchronization of Bursting Neurons: What Matters in the Network
	Topology},
  journal = {Phys.~{R}ev.~{L}ett.},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {94},
  pages = {8101},
  number = {18}
}
@article{Belykh03,
  author = {V. Belykh and I. Belykh and M. Hasler},
  title = {Connection graph stability method for synchronized coupled chaotic
	systems},
  journal = {Physica D},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {195},
  pages = {159-187}
}
@article{Belykh04,
  author = {V. Belykh and I. Belykh and M. Hasler},
  title = {Blinking model and synchronization in small-world networks with a
	time-varying coupling},
  journal = {Physica D},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {195},
  pages = {188-206}
}
@article{Belykh01,
  author = {V. Belykh and I. Belykh and M. Hasler and K. Nevidin},
  title = {Cluster synchronization in three-dimensional lattices of diffusively
	coupled oscillators},
  journal = {Int. J. Bifurcation and Chaos},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {13},
  pages = {755-779}
}
@article{Belykh00b,
  author = {V.N. Belykh and I.V. Belykh and E. Mosekilde and M. Colding-Jorgensen},
  title = {Homoclinic bifurcation of cell model with bursting oscillations},
  journal = {European Physical Journal E},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {205-219},
  annote = {hasler citation}
}
@article{Belykh02,
  author = {V. Belykh and I. Belykh and K. Nevidin and M. Hasler},
  title = {Persistent clusters in lattices of coupled nonidentical chaotic systems},
  journal = {Int. J. Bifurcation and Chaos},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {13},
  pages = {165-178}
}
@article{Ben95,
  author = {G. {Ben Arous} and A. Guionnet},
  title = {Large deviations for Langevin spin glass dynamics},
  journal = {Probability Theory and Related Fields},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {102},
  pages = {455-509}
}
@article{BenYishai95,
  author = {R. Ben-Yishai and R.L. Bar-Or and H. Sompolinsky},
  title = {Theory of orientation tuning in visual cortex},
  journal = {Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {92},
  pages = {3844-3848}
}
@article{Benda03,
  author = {Benda, Jan and Herz, Andreas V. M.},
  title = {A Universal Model for Spike-Frequency Adaptation},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {15},
  pages = {2523-2564},
  number = {11},
  abstract = {Spike-frequency adaptation is a prominent feature of neural dynamics.
	Among other mechanisms, various ionic currents modulating spike generation
	cause this type of neural adaptation. Prominent examples are voltage-gated
	potassium currents (M-type currents), the interplay of calcium currents
	and intracellular calcium dynamics with calcium-gated potassium channels
	(AHP-type currents), and the slow recovery from inactivation of the
	fast sodium current. While recent modeling studies have focused on
	the effects of specific adaptation currents, we derive a universal
	model for the firing-frequency dynamics of an adapting neuron that
	is independent of the specific adaptation process and spike generator.
	The model is completely defined by the neuron's onset f-I curve,
	the steady-state f-I curve, and the time constant of adaptation.
	For a specific neuron, these parameters can be easily determined
	from electrophysiological measurements without any pharmacological
	manipulations. At the same time, the simplicity of the model allows
	one to analyze mathematically how adaptation influences signal processing
	on the single-neuron level. In particular, we elucidate the specific
	nature of high-pass filter properties caused by spike-frequency adaptation.
	The model is limited to firing frequencies higher than the reciprocal
	adaptation time constant and to moderate fluctuations of the adaptation
	and the input current. As an extension of the model, we introduce
	a framework for combining an arbitrary spike generator with a generalized
	adaptation current.},
  keywords = {plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Benhamou90,
  author = {S. Benhamou},
  title = {An analysis of movements of the Wood mouse Apodemus sylvaticus in
	its home range},
  journal = {Behavioral Processes},
  year = {1990},
  volume = {22},
  pages = {235--250},
  keywords = {Hippocampus, Various Artists},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Berkes05b,
  author = {P. Berkes},
  title = {Handwritten digit recognition with Nonlinear Fisher Discriminant
	Analysis},
  journal = {Proceedings of ICANN 2005},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {2},
  pages = {285--287},
  number = {LNCS 3696},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {Springer},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Berkes05c,
  author = {Berkes, Pietro},
  title = {Pattern Recognition with Slow Feature Analysis},
  journal = {Cognitive Sciences EPrint Archive (CogPrints)},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {4104},
  keywords = {slowness, sfa},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@inproceedings{Berkes05,
  author = {Pietro Berkes and Laurenz Wiskott},
  title = {Analysis of inhomogeneous quadratic forms for physiological and theoretical
	studies},
  booktitle = {Proc.\ Computational and Systems Neuroscience, COSYNE'05, Salk Lake
	City},
  year = {2005},
  month = mar,
  note = {(abstract)},
  keywords = {SFA, slowness, Vision-Models, vision},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  urlabstract = {http://itb.biologie.hu-berlin.de/~wiskott/Abstracts/BerkWisk2005b.html}
}
@article{Berkes05a,
  author = {Pietro Berkes and Laurenz Wiskott},
  title = {Slow feature analysis yields a rich repertoire of complex cells},
  journal = {Journal of Vision},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {5(6)},
  pages = {579-602},
  keywords = {SFA, slowness, Vision-Models, vision},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@misc{Berkes07,
  author = {Berkes, Pietro and Zito, Tiziano},
  title = {Modular Modular Toolkit for Data Processing (version 2.1)},
  howpublished = {http://mdp-toolkit.sourceforge.net},
  year = {2007},
  keywords = {Slowness},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  url = {http://mdp-toolkit.sourceforge.net}
}
@article{Bernander91,
  author = {{\"O}. Bernander and R. J. Douglas and K. A. C. Martin and C. Koch},
  title = {Synaptic background activity influences spatiotemporal integration
	in single pyramidal cells},
  journal = {Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA},
  year = {1991},
  volume = {88},
  pages = {11569-11573}
}
@article{Berns98,
  author = {G. Berns and T. Sejnowski},
  title = {A computational model of how the basal ganglia produce sequences},
  journal = {J. Cog. Neuroscience},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {10},
  pages = {108-121}
}
@article{Berridge07,
  author = {Berridge, Kent},
  title = {The debate over dopamine’s role in reward: the case for incentive
	salience},
  journal = {Psychopharmacology},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {191},
  pages = {391--431},
  number = {3},
  month = apr,
  abstract = {Abstract Introduction  Debate continues over the precise
	causal contribution made by mesolimbic dopamine systems to reward.
	There are three competing explanatory categories: ‘liking’, learning,
	and ‘wanting’. Does dopamine mostly mediate the hedonic impact
	of reward (‘liking’)? Does it instead mediate learned predictions
	of future reward, prediction error teaching signals and stamp in
	associative links (learning)? Or does dopamine motivate the pursuit
	of rewards by attributing incentive salience to reward-related stimuli
	(‘wanting’)? Each hypothesis is evaluated here, and it is suggested
	that the incentive salience or ‘wanting’ hypothesis of dopamine
	function may be consistent with more evidence than either learning
	or ‘liking’. In brief, recent evidence indicates that dopamine
	is neither necessary nor sufficient to mediate changes in hedonic
	‘liking’ for sensory pleasures. Other recent evidence indicates
	that dopamine is not needed for new learning, and not sufficient
	to directly mediate learning by causing teaching or prediction signals.
	By contrast, growing evidence indicates that dopamine does contribute
	causally to incentive salience. Dopamine appears necessary for normal
	‘wanting’, and dopamine activation can be sufficient to enhance
	cue-triggered incentive salience. Drugs of abuse that promote dopamine
	signals short circuit and sensitize dynamic mesolimbic mechanisms
	that evolved to attribute incentive salience to rewards. Such drugs
	interact with incentive salience integrations of Pavlovian associative
	information with physiological state signals. That interaction sets
	the stage to cause compulsive ‘wanting’ in addiction, but also
	provides opportunities for experiments to disentangle ‘wanting’,
	‘liking’, and learning hypotheses. Results from studies that
	exploited those opportunities are described here.},
  owner = {fremaux},
  timestamp = {2008.05.07},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00213-006-0578-x}
}
@article{Berry98,
  author = {M.J. Berry and M. Meister},
  title = {Refractoriness and Neural Precision},
  journal = {J. of Neuroscience},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {18},
  pages = {2200-2211}
}
@article{Berry97,
  author = {M. J. Berry and D. K. Warland and M. Meister},
  title = {The structure and precision of retinal spike trains},
  journal = {Proc. Nat. Ac. Sciences (USA)},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {94},
  pages = {5411--5416},
  annote = {neural code, time coding, precision, reliability, reproducibility,
	retina, ganglion cells}
}
@article{Bertschinger04,
  author = {N. Bertschinger and T. Natschl{\"a}ger},
  title = {Real-time computation at the edge of chaos in recurrent neural networks},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {16},
  pages = {1413-1436}
}
@book{Bertsekas87,
  title = {Dynamic Programming: Deterministic and Stochastic Models},
  publisher = {Prentice-Hall},
  year = {1987},
  author = {D.P. Bertsekas},
  address = {Englewood cliffs, NJ}
}
@book{Bertsekas96,
  title = {Neuro-Dynamic Programming},
  publisher = {Athena Scientific},
  year = {1996},
  author = {D.P. Bertsekas and J.N. Tsitsiklis}
}
@article{Bethge01,
  author = {M. Bethge and K. Pawelzik and R. Rothenstein and M. Tsodyks},
  title = {Noise as a signal for neuronal populations},
  journal = {Preprint - appeared in different form as Silberberg et al. 2004},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {xx},
  pages = {xx}
}
@article{Bethge03,
  author = {M. Bethge and D. Rotermund and K. Pawelzik},
  title = {Optimal neural rate coding leads to bimodal firing rate distributions},
  journal = {NETWORK-COMPUTATION IN NEURAL SYSTEMS },
  year = {2003},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {303-319}
}
@article{Bethge02,
  author = {M. Bethge and D. Rotermund and K. Pawelzik},
  title = {Optimal short-term population coding: when {F}isher information fails},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {2317-2351}
}
@article{Bi02,
  author = {G-Q. Bi},
  title = {Spatiotemporal specificity of synaptic plasticity: cellular rules
	and mechanisms},
  journal = {Biological Cybernetics},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {319-332}
}
@article{Bi99,
  author = {G.Q. Bi and M.M. Poo},
  title = {Distributed synaptic modification in neural networks induced by patterned
	stimulation},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {401},
  pages = {792-796}
}
@article{Bi98,
  author = {G.Q. Bi and M.M. Poo},
  title = {Synaptic modifications in cultured hippocampal neurons: dependence
	on spike timing, synaptic strength, and postsynaptic cell type},
  journal = {J. Neurosci.},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {18},
  pages = {10464-10472}
}
@article{Bi98a,
  author = {Guo{-}qiang Bi and Mu{-}ming Poo},
  title = {Synaptic Modifications in Cultured Hippocampal Neurons: Dependence
	on Spike Timing, Synaptic Strength, and Postsynaptic Cell Type},
  journal = {Journal of Neuroscience},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {18},
  pages = {10464--10472},
  number = {24},
  keywords = {Plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Bi98b,
  author = {Bi, G. and Poo, M.},
  title = {{Synaptic Modifications in Cultured Hippocampal Neurons: Dependence
	on Spike Timing, Synaptic Strength, and Postsynaptic Cell Type}},
  journal = {Journal of Neuroscience},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {18},
  pages = {10464},
  number = {24},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {Soc Neuroscience},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Bi01,
  author = {{G.-q.} Bi and {M.-m.} Poo},
  title = {Synaptic modification of correlated activity: Hebb's postulate revisited},
  journal = {Ann. Rev. Neurosci.},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {24},
  pages = {139-166}
}
@article{Bi02b,
  author = {{G.-Q.} Bi and {H.-X.} Wang},
  title = {Temporal asymmetry in spike timing-dependent synaptic plasticity},
  journal = {Physiology and Behavior},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {77},
  pages = {551-555}
}
@article{Bialek01,
  author = {W. Bialek and I. Nemenman and N. Tishby},
  title = {Predictability, Complexity and Learning},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {13},
  pages = {2409-2463},
  number = {11},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Bialek92,
  author = {William Bialek and Fred Rieke},
  title = {Reliability and information transmission in spiking neurons},
  journal = {Trends in Neurosciences},
  year = {1992},
  volume = {15},
  pages = {428--433},
  number = {11}
}
@article{Bialek91,
  author = {W. Bialek and F. Rieke and R. R. de~Ruyter van Stevenick and D. Warland},
  title = {Reading a neural code.},
  journal = {Science},
  year = {1991},
  volume = {252},
  pages = {1854--1857}
}
@article{Bienenstock82,
  author = {E.L. Bienenstock and L.N. Cooper and P.W. Munroe },
  title = {Theory of the development of neuron selectivity: orientation specificity
	and binocular interaction in visual cortex},
  journal = {Journal of Neuroscience},
  year = {1982},
  volume = {2},
  pages = {32-48},
  note = {reprinted in Anderson and Rosenfeld, 1990}
}
@article{Bienenstock95,
  author = {E. Bienenstock and R. Doursat},
  title = {The {\protect H}ebbian Development of synfire chains},
  journal = {in preparation},
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  abstract = {We review different aspects of the simulation of spiking neural networks.
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	where plasticity depends on the exact timing of the spikes. We overview
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  address = {Ecole Normale Superieure, Paris, France.},
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	D and Bower, JM and Diesmann, M and Morrison, A and Goodman, PH and
	Harris FC, Jr and Zirpe, M and Natschlager, T and Pecevski, D and
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  bdsk-url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10827-007-0038-6},
  da = {20071010},
  date-added = {2008-03-28 21:38:23 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-28 21:38:28 +0100},
  dcom = {20071226},
  dep = {20070712},
  doi = {10.1007/s10827-007-0038-6},
  edat = {2007/07/17 09:00},
  gr = {NS11613/NS/United States NINDS},
  issn = {0929-5313 (Print)},
  jid = {9439510},
  jt = {Journal of computational neuroscience},
  language = {eng},
  mh = {Algorithms; Animals; Computer Simulation; Electrophysiology; Humans;
	*Models, Neurological; Nerve Net/cytology/*physiology; Neurons/*physiology;
	Software; Synapses/physiology},
  mhda = {2007/12/27 09:00},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  phst = {2006/11/29 {$[$}received{$]$}; 2007/04/12 {$[$}accepted{$]$}; 2007/04/02
	{$[$}revised{$]$}; 2007/07/12 {$[$}aheadofprint{$]$}},
  pl = {United States},
  pmid = {17629781},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support,
	Non-U.S. Gov't; Review},
  pubm = {Print-Electronic},
  rf = {145},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {J Comput Neurosci. 2007 Dec;23(3):349-98. Epub 2007 Jul 12. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
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  journal = {Physiology \& behavior},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {77},
  pages = {743--748},
  number = {4-5},
  month = dec,
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
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  author = {M.A. Brown and P.E. Sharp},
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}
@inbook{Brown88,
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	S. R. Kelso},
  address = {xxx},
  booktitle = {Long-term potentiation: from biophysics to behavior}
}
@inbook{Brown94,
  pages = {287-314},
  title = {Hebbian Synaptic Plasticity: Evolution of the Contemporary Concept},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
  year = {1994},
  editor = {E. Domany and J. L. van Hemmen and K. Schulten},
  author = {T. H. Brown and S. Chatarji},
  address = {New York},
  note = {chap. 8},
  booktitle = {Models of neural networks II}
}
@incollection{Brown89,
  author = {T. H. Brown and A. H. Ganong and E. W. Kairiss and C. L. Keenan and
	S. R. Kelso},
  title = {Long-term potentation in two synaptic systems of the hippocampal
	brain slice.},
  booktitle = {Neural models of plasticity.},
  publisher = {Academic Press},
  year = {1989},
  editor = {J.H. Byrne and W.O. Berry},
  pages = {266--306},
  address = {San Diego}
}
@article{Brown83,
  author = {T. H. Brown and D. Johnston},
  title = {Voltage-clamp analysis of mossy fiber synaptic input to hippocampal
	neurons},
  journal = {J. Neurophysiology },
  year = {1983},
  volume = {50},
  pages = {487-507}
}
@incollection{Brown91,
  author = {T. H. Brown and A. M. Zador and Z. F. Mainen and B. J. Claiborne},
  title = {{\protect H}ebbian modifications in hippocampal neurons.},
  booktitle = {Long--term potentiation.},
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  year = {1991},
  editor = {M. Baudry and J.L. Davis},
  pages = {357--389},
  address = {Cambridge, London}
}
@article{Brun02,
  author = {Vegard H. Brun and Mona K. Oetnaess and Sturla Molden and Hill-Aina
	Steffenach and Menno P. Witter and May-Britt Moser and Edvard I.
	Moser},
  title = {Place Cells and Place Cell Recognition Maintained by Direct Entorhinal-Hippocampal
	Circuitry},
  journal = {Science},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {296},
  pages = {2243--2246},
  keywords = {place cells, hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Brunel01b,
  author = {N. Brunel},
  title = {Persistent activity and the single cell f-I curve in a cortical network
	model},
  journal = {Network - computation in neural systems},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {12},
  pages = {xx},
  note = {to appear}
}
@article{Brunel00,
  author = {N. Brunel},
  title = {Dynamics of sparsely connected networls of excitatory and inhibitory
	neurons},
  journal = {Computational Neuroscience},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {8},
  pages = {183-208}
}
@article{Brunel01,
  author = {N. Brunel and F.S. Chance and N. Fourcaud and L.F. Abbott},
  title = {Effects of synaptic noise and filtering on the frequency response
	of spiking neurons},
  journal = {Physical Review Letters},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {86},
  pages = {2186-2189}
}
@article{Brunel98,
  author = {N. Brunel and V. Hakim},
  title = {Fast global oscillations in networks of integrate-and-fire neurons
	with low firing rates},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {11},
  pages = {1621-1671}
}
@article{Brunel99,
  author = {N. Brunel and V. Hakim},
  title = {Fast global oscillations in networks of integrate-and-fire neurons
	with low firing rates},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {11},
  pages = {1621-1671}
}
@article{Brunel04,
  author = {N. Brunel and V. Hakim and P. Isope and J.-P. Nadal and B. Barbour},
  title = {Optimal Information Storage and the Distribution of Synaptic Weights:
	Perceptron versus Purkinje Cell},
  journal = {Neuron},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {43},
  pages = {745-757}
}
@article{Brunel03,
  author = {N. Brunel and P. Lathan},
  title = {Firing Rate of the Noisy Quadratic Integrate-and-Fire Neuron },
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {15},
  pages = {2281-2306}
}
@article{Brunel98b,
  author = {N. Brunel and O. Trullier},
  title = {Plasticity of spatially selective neuronal activity in a model of
	the rat hippocampus},
  journal = {Hippocampus},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {8},
  pages = {651-665}
}
@article{Bryant76,
  author = {H. L. Bryant and J. P. Segundo},
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  journal = {Journal of Physiology},
  year = {1976},
  volume = {260},
  pages = {279-314}
}
@article{Bryant76a,
  author = {Bryant, H L and Segundo, J P},
  title = {Spike initiation by transmembrane current: a white-noise analysis.},
  journal = {J Physiol},
  year = {1976},
  volume = {260},
  pages = {279--314},
  number = {2},
  abstract = {1. Those features of a transmembrane current correlated with spike
	initiation were examined in Aplysia neurones using a Gaussian white-noise
	stimulus. This stimulus has the advantages that it presents numerous
	wave forms in random order without prejudgement as to their efficacies,
	and that it allows straightforward statistical calculations. 2. Stimulation
	with a repeating segment of Gaussian white-noise current revealed
	remarkable invariance in the firing times of the tested neurones
	and indicated a high degree of reliability of their response. 3.
	Frequencies (less than 5 Hz) involved in spike triggering propagated
	faithfully for up to several millimetres, justifying intrasomatic
	current injection to examine spike initiation at the trigger locus.
	4. Examination of current wave forms preceding spikes indicated that
	a wide variety could be effective. Hence, a statistical analysis
	was performed, including computation of probability densities, averages,
	standard deviations and correlation coefficients of pairs of current
	values. Each statistic was displayed as a function of time before
	the spike. 5. The average current trajectory preceding a spike was
	multiphasic and depended on the presence and polarity of a d.c. bias.
	An early relatively small inward- or outward-going phase was followed
	by a large outward phase before the spike. The early phase tended
	to oppose the polarity of the d.c. bias. 6. The late outward phase
	of the average current trajectory reached a maximum 40--75 msec before
	triggering the action potential (AP) and returned to near zero values
	at the moment of triggering. The fact that the current peak occurs
	in advance of the AP may be partially explained by a phase delay
	between the transmembrane current and potential. The failure of the
	average current trajectory to return to control values immediately
	following the peak argues for a positive role of the declining phase
	in spike triggering. 7. Probability densities preceding spikes were
	Gaussian, indicating that the average was also the most probable
	value. Although the densities were broad, confirming that spikes
	were preceded by a wide variety of current wave forms, their standard
	deviations were reduced significantly with respect to controls, suggesting
	preferred status of the average current trajectory in spike triggering.
	8. The matrix of correlation coefficients between current pairs suggested
	that spikes tended to be preceded by wave forms that in part kept
	close to the average current trajectory and in part preserved its
	shape. 9. The average first and second derivatives of spike-evoking
	epochs revealed that current slope and acceleration, respectively,
	were most crucial in the last 200 msec before spike triggering, and
	that these dynamic stimulus components were more important for a
	cell maintained under a depolarizing, rather than a hyperpolarizing
	bias. 10...},
  au = {Bryant, HL and Segundo, JP},
  da = {19761223},
  date-added = {2007-12-05 18:26:44 +0100},
  date-modified = {2007-12-05 18:26:47 +0100},
  dcom = {19761223},
  edat = {1976/09/01},
  issn = {0022-3751 (Print)},
  jid = {0266262},
  jt = {The Journal of physiology},
  keywords = {*Action Potentials; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology;
	Mathematics; *Membrane Potentials; Mollusca/*physiology; Neurons/*physiology;
	Statistics as Topic},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20071115},
  mhda = {1976/09/01 00:01},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pl = {ENGLAND},
  pmid = {978519},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {In Vitro; Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.},
  pubm = {Print},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {J Physiol. 1976 Sep;260(2):279-314. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Buchs02,
  author = {N. Buchs and W. Senn},
  title = {Spike-based synaptic plasticity and the emergence of diretion selective
	simple cells: simulation results},
  journal = {J. Computational Neuroscience},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {xx},
  pages = {xx}
}
@article{Buck76,
  author = {J. Buck and E. Buck},
  title = {Synchronous fireflies},
  journal = {Scientific American},
  year = {1976},
  volume = {234},
  pages = {74-85}
}
@article{Bugmann97,
  author = {G. Bugmann and C. Christodoulou and J. G. Taylor},
  title = {Role of temporal integration and fluctuation detection in the highly
	irregular firing of leaky integrator neuron model with partial reset},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {9},
  pages = {985-1000}
}
@article{Buhmann89a,
  author = {J. Buhmann},
  title = {Oscillations and low firing rates in associative memory neural networks.},
  journal = {Phys. Rev. A},
  year = {1989},
  volume = {40},
  pages = {4145--4148}
}
@article{Buhmann89b,
  author = {J Buhmann},
  title = {Associative memory with high information content},
  journal = {Phys.~Rev. A},
  year = {1989},
  volume = {39},
  pages = {2689-2692}
}
@article{Buhmann87,
  author = {J Buhmann and K Schulten},
  title = {Noise-driven temporal association in neural networks},
  journal = {Europhys.~Lett.},
  year = {1987},
  volume = {4},
  pages = {1205-1209}
}
@article{Buhmann86,
  author = {J. Buhmann and K. Schulten},
  title = {Associative recognition and storage in a model network with physiological
	neurons.},
  journal = {Biol. Cybern.},
  year = {1986},
  volume = {54},
  pages = {319--335}
}
@article{Bullier01,
  author = {Bullier, J.},
  title = {{Integrated model of visual processing}},
  journal = {Brain Research Reviews},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {36},
  pages = {96--107},
  number = {2-3},
  keywords = {vision, vision-physiology},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Bulsara91,
  author = {A. Bulsara and E. W. Jacobs and T. Zhou and F. Moss and L. Kiss},
  title = {Stochastic Resonance in a Single Neuron Model: Theory and Analog
	Simulation},
  journal = {Journal of Theoretical Biology},
  year = {1991},
  volume = {152},
  pages = {531--555}
}
@article{Bulsara96,
  author = {A. R. Bulsara and T. C. Elston and C. R. Doering and S. B. Lowen
	and K. Lindenberg},
  title = {Cooperative behavior in periodically driven noisy integrate- fire
	models of neuronal dynamics},
  journal = {Physical Review E},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {53},
  pages = {3958--3969}
}
@article{Buonomano98,
  author = {D.V Buonomano and M.M. Merzenich},
  title = {Cortical plasticity: From synapses to maps },
  journal = {Annual Review of Neuroscience},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {21},
  pages = {149-186 }
}
@article{Buonomano98a,
  author = {D. V. Buonomano and M. M. Merzenich},
  title = {Cortical plasticity: From synapses to maps},
  journal = {Annual Reviews of Neuroscience},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {21},
  pages = {149--186},
  abstract = {It has been clear for almost two decades that cortical representations
	in adult animals are not fixed entities, but rather, are dynamic
	and are continuously modified by experience. The cortex can preferentially
	allocate area to represent the particular peripheral input sources
	that are proportionally most used. Alterations in cortical representations
	appear to underlie learning tasks dependent on the use of the behaviorally
	important peripheral inputs that they represent. The rules governing
	this cortical representational plasticity following manipulations
	of inputs, including learning, are increasingly well understood.
	In parallel with developments in the field of cortical map plasticity,
	studies of synaptic plasticity have characterized specific elementary
	forms of plasticity, including associative long-term potentiation
	and long-term depression of excitatory postsynaptic potentials. Investigators
	have made many important strides toward understanding the molecular
	underpinnings of these fundamental plasticity processes and toward
	defining the learning rules that govern their induction. The fields
	of cortical synaptic plasticity and cortical map plasticity have
	been implicitly linked by the hypothesis that synaptic plasticity
	underlies cortical map reorganization. Recent experimental and theoretical
	work has provided increasingly stronger support for this hypothesis.
	The goal of the current paper is to review the fields of both synaptic
	and cortical map plasticity with an emphasis on the work that attempts
	to unite both fields. A second objective is to highlight the gaps
	in our understanding of synaptic and cellular mechanisms underlying
	cortical representational plasticity.},
  doi = {10.1146/annurev.neuro.21.1.149},
  keywords = {Animals; Brain Mapping; Cerebral Cortex; Neuronal Plasticity; Synapses},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pmid = {9530495},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.neuro.21.1.149}
}
@article{Buracas98a,
  author = {G. T. Buracas and A. M. Zador and M. R. DeWeese and T. D. Albright},
  title = {Efficient discrimination of temporal patterns by motion-sensitive
	neurons in primate visual cortex.},
  journal = {Neuron},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {20},
  pages = {959--969},
  number = {5},
  month = {May},
  abstract = {Although motion-sensitive neurons in macaque middle temporal (MT)
	area are conventionally characterized using stimuli whose velocity
	remains constant for 1-3 s, many ecologically relevant stimuli change
	on a shorter time scale (30-300 ms). We compared neuronal responses
	to conventional (constant-velocity) and time-varying stimuli in alert
	primates. The responses to both stimulus ensembles were well described
	as rate-modulated Poisson processes but with very high precision
	(approximately 3 ms) modulation functions underlying the time-varying
	responses. Information-theoretic analysis revealed that the responses
	encoded only approximately 1 bit/s about constant-velocity stimuli
	but up to 29 bits/s about the time-varying stimuli. Analysis of local
	field potentials revealed that part of the residual response variability
	arose from "noise" sources extrinsic to the neuron. Our results demonstrate
	that extrastriate neurons in alert primates can encode the fine temporal
	structure of visual stimuli.},
  institution = {Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Sloan Center for Theoretical
	Neurobiology, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla,
	California 92037, USA.},
  keywords = {Action Potentials; Algorithms; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Attention;
	Discrimination Learning; Haplorhini; Information Theory; Motion Perception;
	Neurons, Afferent; Nonlinear Dynamics; Photic Stimulation; Time Factors;
	Time Perception; Visual Cortex},
  owner = {gerstner},
  pii = {S0896-6273(00)80477-8},
  pmid = {9620700},
  timestamp = {2008.06.04}
}
@incollection{Burgess07,
  author = {N. Burgess},
  title = {Computational Models of the Spatial and Mnemonic Functions of the
	Hippocampus},
  booktitle = {The hippocampus book},
  publisher = {Oxford university press},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {715--749},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Burgess05,
  author = {N. Burgess and F. Cacucci and C. Lever and J. O'keefe},
  title = {{Characterizing multiple independent behavioral correlates of cell
	firing in freely moving animals}},
  journal = {Hippocampus},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {15},
  pages = {149--153},
  number = {2},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Burgess96,
  author = {N. Burgess and J. O'Keefe},
  title = {{Neuronal computations underlying the firing of place cells and their
	role in navigation}},
  journal = {Hippocampus},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {6},
  pages = {749--762},
  number = {6},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Burgess94a,
  author = {N. Burgess and M. Recce and J. O'Keefe},
  title = {A model of hippocampal function},
  journal = {Neural Networks},
  year = {1994},
  volume = {6/7},
  pages = {1065--1081},
  number = {7},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Burgess94,
  author = {N. Burgess and M. Recce and J. {O'K}eefe},
  title = {A model of hippocampal function},
  journal = {Neural Networks},
  year = {1994},
  volume = {7},
  pages = {1065-1081}
}
@article{Burkitt06a,
  author = {A. N. Burkitt},
  title = {A review of the integrate-and-fire neuron model: I. Homogeneous synaptic
	input },
  journal = {Biol. Cybernetics},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {95},
  pages = {1-19}
}
@article{Burkitt06b,
  author = {A. N. Burkitt},
  title = {A review of the integrate-and-fire neuron model: II. Inhomogeneous
	synaptic input and network properties },
  journal = {Biol. Cybernetics},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {95},
  pages = {97-112}
}
@article{Burkitt01,
  author = {A. N. Burkitt},
  title = {Balanced Neurons: Analysis of leaky integrate-and-fire neurons with
	reversal potential},
  journal = {Biological Cybernetics},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {85},
  pages = {247-255}
}
@article{Burkitt99,
  author = {A. N. Burkitt and G. M. Clark},
  title = {Analysis of integrate-and-fire neurons: synchronization of synaptic
	input and spike output},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {11},
  pages = {871-901}
}
@article{Burkitt04,
  author = {A. N. Burkitt and M. H. Meffin and D.B. Grayden},
  title = {Spike-timing-dependent plasticity: The relationship to rate-based
	learning for models with weight dynamics determined by a stable fixed
	point},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {16},
  pages = {885-940}
}
@article{Burridge67,
  author = {R. Burridge and L. Knopoff},
  title = {xx},
  journal = {Bull. Seism. Soc. Am.},
  year = {1967},
  volume = {57},
  pages = {341}
}
@article{Burrone03,
  author = {Burrone, J. and Murthy, V.N.},
  title = {{Synaptic gain control and homeostasis}},
  journal = {Curr Opin Neurobiol},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {13},
  pages = {560--7},
  number = {5},
  keywords = {plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Burrone02,
  author = {Burrone, J. and O'Byrne, M. and Murthy, VN},
  title = {{Multiple forms of synaptic plasticity triggered by selective suppression
	of activity in individual neurons.}},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {420},
  pages = {414--8},
  number = {6914},
  keywords = {plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Burwell03,
  author = {R.D. Burwell and D.M. Hafeman},
  title = {Positional firing properties of postrhinal cortex neurons},
  journal = {Neuroscience},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {119},
  pages = {577--588},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{Buser92,
  title = {Vision},
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  year = {1992},
  author = {Pierre Buser and Michel Imbert},
  address = {Cambridge}
}
@article{Bush91,
  author = {P. C. Bush and R. J. Douglas},
  title = {Synchronization of bursting action potential discharge in a model
	network of neocortical neurons.},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {1991},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {19--30}
}
@article{Bush93,
  author = {Bush, P C and Sejnowski, T J},
  title = {Reduced compartmental models of neocortical pyramidal cells.},
  journal = {J Neurosci Methods},
  year = {1993},
  volume = {46},
  pages = {159--166},
  number = {2},
  abstract = {Model neurons composed of hundreds of compartments are currently used
	for studying phenomena at the level of the single cell. Large network
	simulations require a simplified model of a single neuron that retains
	the electrotonic and synaptic integrative properties of the real
	cell. We introduce a method for reducing the number of compartments
	of neocortical pyramidal neuron models (from 400 to 8-9 compartments)
	through a simple collapsing method based on conserving the axial
	resistance rather than on the surface area of the dendritic tree.
	The reduced models retain the general morphology of the pyramidal
	cells on which they are based, allowing accurate positioning of synaptic
	inputs and ionic conductances on individual model cells, as well
	as construction of spatially accurate network models. The reduced
	models run significantly faster than the full models, yet faithfully
	reproduce their electrical responses.},
  address = {Howard Hughes Medical Institute, La Jolla, CA.},
  au = {Bush, PC and Sejnowski, TJ},
  da = {19930518},
  date-added = {2008-03-28 23:23:30 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-28 23:23:46 +0100},
  dcom = {19930518},
  edat = {1993/02/01},
  issn = {0165-0270 (Print)},
  jid = {7905558},
  jt = {Journal of neuroscience methods},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20031114},
  mh = {Action Potentials/physiology; Animals; Cats; Cerebral Cortex/cytology/*physiology;
	Dendrites/physiology; Electrophysiology; Horseradish Peroxidase;
	Models, Neurological; Neurons/*physiology; Pyramidal Tracts/cytology/*physiology;
	Synapses/physiology},
  mhda = {1993/02/01 00:01},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pii = {0165-0270(93)90151-G},
  pl = {NETHERLANDS},
  pmid = {8474259},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article},
  pubm = {Print},
  rn = {EC 1.11.1.- (Horseradish Peroxidase)},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {J Neurosci Methods. 1993 Feb;46(2):159-66. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Butts07,
  author = {Daniel A. Butts and Patrick O. Kanold and Carla J. Shatz},
  title = {A burst-based {H}ebbian learning rule at retinogeniculate synapses
	links retinal waves to activity-dependent refinement},
  journal = {PLoS Biology},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {5},
  pages = {e61 EP -},
  number = {3},
  month = mar,
  keywords = {plasticity, Vision, Vision-Models},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371\%2Fjournal.pbio.0050061}
}
@article{Buzs'aki04,
  author = {G. Buzs{\'a}ki},
  title = {Large-scale recording of neuronal ensembles.},
  journal = {Nature Neuroscience},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {7},
  pages = {446--451},
  number = {5},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{Byrne89,
  title = {Neural Models of Plasticity},
  publisher = {Academic Press},
  year = {1989},
  author = {J. H. Byrne and W. O. Berry},
  address = {San Diego}
}
@article{Cacucci04,
  author = {F. Cacucci and C. Lever and T.J. Wills and N. Burgess and J. O'Keefe},
  title = {Theta-Modulated Place-by-Direction Cells in the Hippocampal Formation
	in the Rat},
  journal = {Journal of Neuroscience},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {24},
  pages = {8265--8277},
  number = {38},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Cai04,
  author = {D. Cai and L. Tao and D.W. McLaughlin},
  title = {An embedded network approach for scale-up of fluctuation-driven systems
	with preservation of spike information},
  journal = {Proc. National Academy Sciences (USA)},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {101},
  pages = {14288-14293 }
}
@article{Cai04a,
  author = {D. Cai and L. Tao and M. Shelley and D.W. McLaughlin},
  title = {An effective kinetic representation of fluctuation-driven neuronal
	networks with application to simple and complex cells in visual cortex},
  journal = {Proc. National Academy Sciences (USA)},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {101},
  pages = {7757-7762}
}
@article{Calton05,
  author = {J. L. Calton and J. S. Taube},
  title = {{Degradation of head direction cell activity during inverted locomotion}},
  journal = {Journal of Neuroscience},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {25},
  pages = {2420--2428},
  number = {9},
  month = mar,
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Calvin68,
  author = {W. Calvin and C.F. Stevens},
  title = {Synaptic noise and other sources of randomness in motoneuron interspike
	intervals},
  journal = {J. Neurophysiology},
  year = {1968},
  volume = {31},
  pages = {574-587}
}
@article{Cang05,
  author = {Cang, J. and Renteria, R.C. and Kaneko, M. and Liu, X. and Copenhagen,
	D.R. and Stryker, M.P.},
  title = {Development of Precise Maps in Visual Cortex Requires Patterned Spontaneous
	Activity in the Retina},
  journal = {Neuron},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {48},
  pages = {797--809},
  number = {5},
  keywords = {Vision, plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Capocelli71,
  author = {R. M. Capocelli and L. M. Ricciardi},
  title = {Diffusion approximation and first passage time problem for a neuron
	model},
  journal = {Kybernetik},
  year = {1971},
  volume = {8},
  pages = {214-223}
}
@article{Carandini05,
  author = {Matteo Carandini and Jonathan B. Demb and Valerio Mante and David
	J. Tolhurst and Yang Dan and Bruno A. Olshausen and Jack L. Gallant
	and Nicole C. Rust},
  title = {Do We Know What The Early Visual System Does?},
  journal = {Journal of Neuroscience},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {25},
  pages = {10577--10597},
  number = {46},
  keywords = {vision, Vision-Models},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Carandini05a,
  author = {M. Carandini and J. B. Demb and V. Mante and D. J. Tolhurst and Y.
	Dan and B. A. Olshausen and J. L. Gallant and N. C. Rust},
  title = {Do we know what the early visual system does?},
  journal = {The Journal of Neuroscience},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {25},
  pages = {10577-97},
  number = {46},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Carandini99,
  author = {Carandini, M. and Heeger, D.J. and Movshon, J.A.},
  title = {{Linearity and gain control in V1 simple cells}},
  journal = {Cerebral cortex},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {13},
  pages = {401--443},
  keywords = {vision, vision-models},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Carandini97,
  author = {M. Carandini and D. L. Ringach},
  title = {Predictions of a recurrent model of orientation selectivity},
  journal = {Vision Research},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {37},
  pages = {3061-3071},
  number = {21},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Carpenter97,
  author = {G. Carpenter},
  title = {Distributed learning, recognition and prediction by \protect{ART}
	and \protect{ARTMAP} neural networks },
  journal = {Neural Networs},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {10},
  pages = {1473-1494}
}
@article{Carpenter90,
  author = {G. Carpenter and S. Grossberg},
  title = {\protect{ART} 3: Hierarchical search using chemical transmitters
	in self-organizing pattern recognition},
  journal = {Neural Networks},
  year = {1990},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {129-152}
}
@article{Carpenter87,
  author = {G. Carpenter and S. Grossberg},
  title = {ART 2: Self-organization of stable category recognition codes for
	analog input patterns},
  journal = {Applied Optics},
  year = {1987},
  volume = {26},
  pages = {4919-4930}
}
@inproceedings{Carr95,
  author = {C. E. Carr},
  title = {The {D}evelopment of {N}ucleus {L}aminaris in the {B}arn {O}wl},
  booktitle = {Advances in Hearing Research},
  year = {1995},
  editor = {G. A. Manley and G. M. Klump and C. K{\"o}ppl and H. Fastl and H.
	Oeckinghaus},
  pages = {24-30},
  address = {Singapure},
  publisher = {World Scientific}
}
@article{Carr93,
  author = {Catherine E. Carr},
  title = {Processing of Temporal Information in the Brain},
  journal = {Annual Rev. Neurosci.},
  year = {1993},
  volume = {16},
  pages = {223--43},
  comment = {Sehr didaktisch aufgebauter Review-Artikel, der eine gute Uebersicht
	ueber das Gebiet gibt.},
  keywords = {phase, time, delay, sound localization, owls, bats, electric fish.}
}
@article{Carr91,
  author = {C. E. Carr and R. E. Boudreau},
  title = {Central Projections of Auditory Nerve Fibers in the Barn Owl},
  journal = {J. Comp. Neurol.},
  year = {1991},
  volume = {314},
  pages = {306--318}
}
@article{Carr90,
  author = {C. E. Carr and M. Konishi},
  title = {A circuit for detection of interaural time differences in the brain
	stem of the barn owl},
  journal = {J. Neurosci.},
  year = {1990},
  volume = {10},
  pages = {3227-3246}
}
@article{Carr88,
  author = {Catherine E. Carr and Masakazu Konishi},
  title = {Axonal delay lines for measurement in the owl's brainstem},
  journal = {Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci USA},
  year = {1988},
  volume = {85},
  pages = {8311--8315}
}
@article{Cash98a,
  author = {Cash, S and Yuste, R},
  title = {Input summation by cultured pyramidal neurons is linear and position-independent.},
  journal = {J Neurosci},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {18},
  pages = {10--15},
  number = {1},
  abstract = {The role of dendritic morphology in integration and processing of
	neuronal inputs is still unknown. Models based on passive cable theory
	suggest that dendrites serve to isolate synapses from one another.
	Because of decreases in driving force or resistance, two inputs onto
	the same dendrite would diminish their joint effect, resulting in
	sublinear summation. When on different dendrites, however, inputs
	would not interact and therefore would sum linearly. These predictions
	have not been rigorously tested experimentally. In addition, recent
	results indicate that dendrites have voltage-sensitive conductances
	and are not passive cables. To investigate input integration, we
	characterized the effects of dendritic morphology on the summation
	of subthreshold excitatory inputs on cultured hippocampal neurons
	with pyramidal morphologies. We used microiontophoresis of glutamate
	to systematically position inputs throughout the dendritic tree and
	tested the summation of two inputs by measuring their individual
	and joint effects. We find that summation was surprisingly linear
	regardless of input position. For small inputs, this linearity arose
	because no significant shunts or changes in driving force occurred
	and no voltage-dependent channels were opened. Larger inputs also
	added linearly, but this linearity was caused by balanced action
	of NMDA and IA potassium conductances. Therefore, active conductances
	can maintain, paradoxically, a linear input arithmetic. Furthermore,
	dendritic morphology does not interfere with this linearity, which
	may be essential for particular neuronal computations.},
  address = {Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York,
	New York 10027, USA.},
  au = {Cash, S and Yuste, R},
  da = {19980116},
  date-added = {2008-03-28 23:31:06 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-28 23:31:09 +0100},
  dcom = {19980116},
  edat = {1998/01/24},
  issn = {0270-6474 (Print)},
  jid = {8102140},
  jt = {The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society
	for Neuroscience},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20061115},
  mh = {2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate/pharmacology; Action Potentials/drug effects/physiology;
	Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cells, Cultured; Dendrites/chemistry/*physiology;
	Electric Conductivity; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists/pharmacology;
	Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials/physiology; Hippocampus/cytology;
	Iontophoresis; Linear Models; Nickel/pharmacology; Potassium Channels/physiology;
	Pyramidal Cells/*cytology/*physiology/ultrastructure; Rats; Rats,
	Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/physiology; Tetraethylammonium/pharmacology;
	Tetrodotoxin/pharmacology},
  mhda = {1998/01/24 00:01},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pl = {UNITED STATES},
  pmid = {9412481},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't},
  pubm = {Print},
  rn = {0 (Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists); 0 (Potassium Channels); 0 (Receptors,
	N-Methyl-D-Aspartate); 4368-28-9 (Tetrodotoxin); 66-40-0 (Tetraethylammonium);
	7440-02-0 (Nickel); 76726-92-6 (2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate); 7718-54-9
	(nickel chloride)},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {J Neurosci. 1998 Jan 1;18(1):10-5. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Cash98,
  author = {S. Cash and R. Yuste},
  title = {Input summation by cultured pyramidal neurons is linear and position-independent},
  journal = {J. Neuroscience},
  year = {1988},
  volume = {18},
  pages = {10-15}
}
@article{Castellani01,
  author = {G.C. Castellani and E.M. Quinlan and L.N. Shouval and H.Z. Cooper},
  title = {A biophysical model of bidirectional synaptic plasticity: dependence
	on AMPA and NMDA receptors},
  journal = {Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {98},
  pages = {12772-12777}
}
@article{Cessac94,
  author = {B. Cessac and B. Doyon and M. Quoy and M. Samuleides},
  title = {Mean-field equations, bifurcation map and route to chaos in discrete
	time neural networks},
  journal = {Phyisca D},
  year = {1994},
  volume = {74},
  pages = {24-44}
}
@article{Chacron04,
  author = {M. J. Chacron and B. Lindner and A. Longtin},
  title = {Noise shaping by interval correlations increases information transfer},
  journal = {Phys. Rev. Letters},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {92},
  pages = {80601}
}
@book{Chance00,
  title = {Modeling Cortical Dynamics and the Responses of Neurons in the Primary
	Visual Cortex.},
  publisher = {Brandeis University},
  year = {2000},
  author = {F.S. Chance},
  series = {PhD dissertaion}
}
@article{Chance01a,
  author = {F. S. Chance and S. {du Lac} and L. F. Abbott },
  title = {An integrate-and-fire model of spike-rate dynamics},
  journal = {Society of Neuroscience Abstracts},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {27},
  pages = {821.44}
}
@article{Chance99,
  author = {Chance, F S and Nelson, S B and Abbott, L F},
  title = {{{C}omplex cells as cortically amplified simple cells}},
  journal = {Nat Neurosci},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {2},
  pages = {277--282},
  number = {3},
  month = {Mar},
  keywords = {Vision, Vision-Models},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Chateau03,
  author = {H. Chateau and T. Fukai},
  title = {A stochastic model to predict the consequences of arbitrary forms
	of spike-timing dependent plasticity},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {15},
  pages = {597-620}
}
@article{Chavarriaga03,
  author = {R. Chavarriaga and E. Sauser and W. Gerstner},
  title = {Modelling directional firing properties of place cells},
  journal = {CNS Meeting 2003},
  year = {2003},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Chavarriaga05,
  author = {Ricardo Chavarriaga and Thomas Str{\"o}sslin and Denis Sheynikhovich and Wulfram Gerstner},
  title = {Competition between cue response and place response: A model of rat navigation behaviour},
  journal = {Connection Science},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {17},
  pages = {167-183}
}
@article{Chavarriaga05a,
  author = {Ricardo Chavarriaga and Thomas Str\"osslin and Denis Sheynikhovich
	and Wulfram Gerstner},
  title = { A computational model of parallel navigation systems in rodents},
  journal = {Neuroinformatics},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {223-241}
}
@article{Chechik03,
  author = {G. Chechik},
  title = {Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity and Relevant Mututal Information
	Maximization},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {15},
  pages = {1481-1510}
}
@techreport{Chechik03b,
  author = {G. Chechik and A. Globerson},
  title = {Information Bottleneck and Linear Projections of Gaussian Processes.},
  institution = {Hebrew University },
  year = {2003},
  number = {4},
  month = {May},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@inproceedings{Chechik03a,
  author = {G. Chechik and A. Globerson and N. Tishby and Y. Weiss},
  title = {Information Bottleneck for {G}aussian Variables},
  booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 15 },
  year = {2003},
  editor = {Sebastian Thrun and Lawrence Saul and Bernhard {Sch\"{o}lkopf}},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Chechik05,
  author = {G. Chechik and A. Globerson and N. Tishby and Y. Weiss},
  title = {Information Bottleneck for {G}aussian Variables},
  journal = {The Journal of Machine Learning Research},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {6},
  pages = {165-188},
  keywords = {Optimal Coding},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Chen94a,
  author = {L.L. Chen and L.H. Lin and C.A. Barnes and B.L. McNaughton},
  title = {Head-direction cells in the rat posterior cortex. {II.} {C}ontributions
	of visual and ideothetic information to the directional firing},
  journal = {Experimental Brain Research},
  year = {1994},
  volume = {101},
  pages = {24--34},
  number = {1},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Chen94,
  author = {L.L. Chen and L.H. Lin and E.J. Green and C.A. Barnes and B.L. McNaughton},
  title = {Head-direction cells in the rat posterior cortex. {I.} {A}natomical
	distribution and behavioral modulation},
  journal = {Experimental Brain Research},
  year = {1994},
  volume = {101},
  pages = {8--23},
  number = {1},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Chen07,
  author = {Xiaodong Chen and Feng Han and Mu-Ming Poo and Yang Dan},
  title = {Excitatory and suppressive receptive field subunits in awake monkey
	primary visual cortex (V1).},
  journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {104},
  pages = {19120--19125},
  number = {48},
  month = {Nov},
  abstract = {An essential step in understanding visual processing is to characterize
	the neuronal receptive fields (RFs) at each stage of the visual pathway.
	However, RF characterization beyond simple cells in the primary visual
	cortex (V1) remains a major challenge. Recent application of spike-triggered
	covariance (STC) analysis has greatly facilitated characterization
	of complex cell RFs in anesthetized animals. Here we apply STC to
	RF characterization in awake monkey V1. We found up to nine subunits
	for each cell, including one or two dominant excitatory subunits
	as described by the standard model, along with additional excitatory
	and suppressive subunits with weaker contributions. Compared with
	the dominant subunits, the nondominant excitatory subunits prefer
	similar orientations and spatial frequencies but have larger spatial
	envelopes. They contribute to response invariance to small changes
	in stimulus orientation, position, and spatial frequency. In contrast,
	the suppressive subunits are tuned to orientations 45 degrees -90
	degrees different from the excitatory subunits, which may underlie
	cross-orientation suppression. Together, the excitatory and suppressive
	subunits form a compact description of RFs in awake monkey V1, allowing
	prediction of the responses to arbitrary visual stimuli.},
  doi = {10.1073/pnas.0706938104},
  keywords = {Vision},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pii = {0706938104},
  pmid = {18006658},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0706938104}
}
@article{Chichilnisky01,
  author = {E. J. Chichilnisky},
  title = {A simple white noise analysis of neuronal light responses},
  journal = {Network},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {12},
  number = {199-213}
}
@article{Choi88,
  author = {M Y Choi},
  title = {Dynamic model of neural networks},
  journal = {Phys.~Rev.~Lett.},
  year = {1988},
  volume = { 61},
  pages = {2809-2812}
}
@article{Chow98,
  author = {C. C. Chow},
  title = {Phase-locking in weakly heterogeneous neuronal networks},
  journal = {Physica D},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {118},
  pages = {343-370}
}
@article{Chow00,
  author = {C. C. Chow and N. Kopell},
  title = {Dynamics of spiking neurons with electrical couplings},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {12},
  pages = {1643-1678}
}
@article{Chow96,
  author = {C. C. Chow and J. White},
  title = {Spontaneous action potential fluctuations due to channel fluctuations},
  journal = {Bioph. J.},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {71},
  pages = {3013-3021}
}
@book{Churchland92,
  title = {The computational brain},
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  year = {1992},
  author = {P. S. Chruchland and T. J. Sejnowski},
  address = {Cambridge}
}
@article{Chubb02,
  author = {C. Chubb and J. Talevich},
  title = {{Attentional control of texture orientation judgments}},
  journal = {Vision Research},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {42},
  pages = {311--330},
  number = {3},
  month = feb,
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{Cichocki93,
  title = {Neural Networks for Optimization and Signal Processing},
  publisher = {John Wiley},
  year = {1993},
  author = {A. Cichocki and R. Unbehauen},
  address = {Chichester}
}
@article{Clay73,
  author = {Clay and Goel},
  title = {Diffusion model for firing of a neuron with varying threshold},
  journal = {J. theor. Biol},
  volume = {39},
  pages = {633-644},
  key = {1973}
}
@article{Clifford02,
  author = {C. W. G. Clifford},
  title = {Perceptual adaptation: motion parallels orientation},
  journal = {TRENDS in Cognitive Sciences},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {6},
  pages = {136-142},
  number = {3},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Clopath07,
  author = {C. Clopath and R. Jolivet and A. Rauch and H.-R. Luescher and W.
	Gerstner},
  title = { Predicting Neuronal Activity with Simple Models of the Threshold
	Type: Adaptive Exponential Integrate-and-Fire Model with Two Compartments},
  journal = {Neurocomputing},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {xx},
  pages = {xx},
  note = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/ ONLINE since Oct. 2006}
}
@book{Cohen88,
  title = {Neural Control of Rhythmic Movement in Vertebrates},
  publisher = {John Wiley},
  year = {1988},
  author = {A. H. Cohen and S. Rossignol and S. Grillner},
  address = {New York}
}
@article{Cohen83,
  author = {M. A. Cohen and S. Grossberg},
  title = {Absolute stability of global pattern formation and parallel memory
	storage by competitive neural networks},
  journal = {IEEE trans. on systems, man, and cybernetics},
  year = {1983},
  volume = {13},
  pages = {815-823}
}
@article{Colburn90,
  author = {H. Steven Colburn and Yan--an Han and Carrin Passaro Culotta},
  title = {Coincidence model of {MSO} responses},
  journal = {Hearing research},
  year = {1990},
  volume = {49},
  pages = {335--3346}
}
@article{Collett92,
  author = {T.S. Collett and E. Dillman and A. Giger and R. Wehner},
  title = {{Visual landmarks and route following in desert ants}},
  journal = {Journal of Comparative Physiology},
  year = {1992},
  volume = {170},
  pages = {435--442}
}
@article{Collingridge94,
  author = {Graham L. Collingridge},
  title = {A question of reliability},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {1994},
  volume = {371},
  pages = {652--653}
}
@article{Collingridge83,
  author = {G. L. Collingridge and S. J. Kehl and H. McLennan},
  title = {Excitatory amino acids in synaptic transmission in the Schaffer collateral-commissural
	pathway of the rat hippocampus},
  journal = {J. Physiol.},
  year = {1983},
  volume = {334},
  pages = {33-46}
}
@article{Collins96,
  author = {J.J. Collins and C.C. Chow and A.C. Capela and T.T. Imhoff},
  title = {Aperiodic stochastic resonance},
  journal = {Physical Review E},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {54},
  pages = {5575-5584}
}
@article{Connor77,
  author = {J.A. Connor and D. Walter and R. Mc{K}own},
  title = {Neural repetitive firing - modifications of the Hodgkin-Huxley axon
	suggested by experimental results from crustacean axons},
  journal = {Biophysical Journal},
  year = {1977},
  volume = {18},
  pages = {81-102}
}
@article{Connors90,
  author = {B. W. Connors and M. J. Gutnick},
  title = {Intrinsic firing patterns of diverse cortical neurons},
  journal = {Trends in Neurosci.},
  year = {1990},
  volume = {13},
  pages = {99-104}
}
@article{Connors90a,
  author = {Connors, B W and Gutnick, M J},
  title = {Intrinsic firing patterns of diverse neocortical neurons.},
  journal = {Trends Neurosci},
  year = {1990},
  volume = {13},
  pages = {99--104},
  number = {3},
  abstract = {Neurons of the neocortex differ dramatically in the patterns of action
	potentials they generate in response to current steps. Regular-spiking
	cells adapt strongly during maintained stimuli, whereas fast-spiking
	cells can sustain very high firing frequencies with little or no
	adaptation. Intrinsically bursting cells generate clusters of spikes
	(bursts), either singly or repetitively. These physiological distinctions
	have morphological correlates. RS and IB cells can be either pyramidal
	neurons or spiny stellate cells, and thus constitute the excitatory
	cells of the cortex. FS cells are smooth or sparsely spiny non-pyramidal
	cells, and are likely to be GABAergic inhibitory interneurons. The
	different firing properties of neurons in neocortex contribute significantly
	to its network behavior.},
  address = {Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI
	02912.},
  au = {Connors, BW and Gutnick, MJ},
  cin = {Trends Neurosci. 1990 Sep;13(9):365-6. PMID: 1699324},
  da = {19900529},
  date-added = {2008-03-29 18:14:06 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-29 18:14:14 +0100},
  dcom = {19900529},
  edat = {1990/03/01},
  issn = {0166-2236 (Print)},
  jid = {7808616},
  jt = {Trends in neurosciences},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20061115},
  mh = {Animals; Cerebral Cortex/*physiology; Evoked Potentials; Neural Inhibition},
  mhda = {1990/03/01 00:01},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pii = {0166-2236(90)90185-D},
  pl = {ENGLAND},
  pmid = {1691879},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support,
	U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; Review},
  pubm = {Print},
  rf = {28},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {Trends Neurosci. 1990 Mar;13(3):99-104. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Contreras99,
  author = {J. Contreras-Vidal and W. Schultz},
  title = {A predictive reinforcement model of dopamine neurons for learning
	approach behavior},
  journal = {J. Computational Neuroscience},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {6},
  pages = {191-214}
}
@article{Cook03,
  author = {D.L. Cook and P.C. Schwindt and L.A. Grande and W.J. Spain},
  title = {Synaptic depression in the localization of sound},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {421},
  pages = {66-70}
}
@article{Cook07,
  author = {Cook, Erik P and Guest, Jennifer A and Liang, Yong and Masse, Nicolas
	Y and Colbert, Costa M},
  title = {Dendrite-to-soma input/output function of continuous time-varying
	signals in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons.},
  journal = {J Neurophysiol},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {98},
  pages = {2943--2955},
  number = {5},
  abstract = {We examined how hippocamal CA1 neurons process complex time-varying
	inputs that dendrites are likely to receive in vivo. We propose a
	functional model of the dendrite-to-soma input/output relationship
	that combines temporal integration and static-gain control mechanisms.
	Using simultaneous dual whole cell recordings, we injected 50 s of
	subthreshold and suprathreshold zero-mean white-noise current into
	the primary dendritic trunk along the proximal 2/3 of stratum radiatum
	and measured the membrane potential at the soma. Applying a nonlinear
	system-identification analysis, we found that a cascade of a linear
	filter followed by an adapting static-gain term fully accounted for
	the nonspiking input/output relationship between the dendrite and
	soma. The estimated filters contained a prominent band-pass region
	in the 1- to 10-Hz frequency range that remained constant as a function
	of stimulus variance. The gain of the dendrite-to-soma input/output
	relationship, in contrast, varied as a function of stimulus variance.
	When the contribution of the voltage-dependent current I(h) was eliminated,
	the estimated filters lost their band-pass properties and the gain
	regulation was substantially altered. Our findings suggest that the
	dendrite-to-soma input/output relationship for proximal apical inputs
	to CA1 pyramidal neurons is well described as a band-pass filter
	in the theta frequency range followed by a gain-control nonlinearity
	that dynamically adapts to the statistics of the input signal.},
  address = {Department of Physiology, McGill University, 3655 Sir William Osler,
	Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada. erik.cook@mcgill.ca},
  au = {Cook, EP and Guest, JA and Liang, Y and Masse, NY and Colbert, CM},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00414.2007},
  da = {20071116},
  date-added = {2008-03-28 17:03:38 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-28 17:03:39 +0100},
  dcom = {20080225},
  dep = {20070919},
  doi = {10.1152/jn.00414.2007},
  edat = {2007/09/21 09:00},
  issn = {0022-3077 (Print)},
  jid = {0375404},
  jt = {Journal of neurophysiology},
  language = {eng},
  mh = {Action Potentials/physiology/radiation effects; Animals; Axons/*physiology;
	Dendrites/*physiology; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Electric
	Stimulation/methods; Hippocampus/*cytology; Male; Models, Neurological;
	Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pyramidal Cells/*cytology; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley;
	Time Factors},
  mhda = {2008/02/26 09:00},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  phst = {2007/09/19 {$[$}aheadofprint{$]$}},
  pii = {00414.2007},
  pl = {United States},
  pmid = {17881486},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {In Vitro; Journal Article},
  pubm = {Print-Electronic},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {J Neurophysiol. 2007 Nov;98(5):2943-55. Epub 2007 Sep 19. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Coombes01,
  author = {S. Coombes and M. R. Owen and G. D. Smith},
  title = {Mode locking in a periodically forced integrate-and-fire-or-burst
	neuron model.},
  journal = {Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {64},
  pages = {041914},
  number = {4 Pt 1},
  month = {Oct},
  abstract = {The minimal "integrate-and-fire-or-burst" (IFB) neuron model reproduces
	the salient features of experimentally observed thalamocortical relay
	neuron response properties, including the temporal tuning of both
	tonic spiking (i.e., conventional action potentials) and post-inhibitory
	rebound bursting mediated by the low-threshold Ca2+ current, I(T).
	In previous work focusing on experimental and IFB model responses
	to sinusoidal current injection, large regions of stimulus parameter
	space were observed for which the response was entrained to periodic
	applied current, resulting in repetitive burst, tonic, or mixed (i.e.,
	burst followed by tonic) responses. Here we present an exact analysis
	of such mode-locking in the integrate-and-fire-or-burst model under
	the influence of arbitrary periodic forcing that includes sinusoidally
	driven responses as one case. In this analysis, the instabilities
	of mode-locked states are identified as both smooth bifurcations
	of an associated firing time map and nonsmooth bifurcations of the
	underlying discontinuous flow. The explicit construction of borders
	in parameter space that define the instabilities of mode-locked zones
	is used to build up the Arnol'd tongue structure for the model. The
	zones for mode-locking are shown to be in excellent agreement with
	numerical simulations and are used to explore the observed stimulus
	dependence of burst versus tonic response of the IFB neuron model.},
  institution = {Department of Mathematical Sciences, Loughborough University, Leicestershire
	LE11 3TU, United Kingdom.},
  keywords = {Action Potentials; Animals; Calcium; Humans; Models, Neurological;
	Models, Statistical; Models, Theoretical; Neurons; Oscillometry;
	Synaptic Transmission; Time Factors},
  owner = {gerstner},
  pmid = {11690059},
  timestamp = {2008.05.28}
}
@book{Cooper04,
  title = {Theory of cortical plasticity.},
  publisher = {World Scientific},
  year = {2004},
  author = {L.N. Cooper and N. Intrator and B.S. Blais and H. Z. Shouval},
  address = {Singapore}
}
@article{Cordo96,
  author = {P. Cordo and J.T. Inglis and S. Verschueren and J.J. Collins andD.
	M. Merfeld and S. Rosenblum},
  title = {Noise in human muscle spindels},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {383},
  pages = {769-770}
}
@article{Corral95,
  author = {A. Corral and C. P. Perez and A. Diaz-Guilera and A. Arenas},
  title = {Self-organized criticality and synchronization in a lattice model
	of integrate-and-fire oscillators},
  journal = {Phys. Rev. Lett.},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {74},
  pages = {118-121}
}
@article{Correia08,
  author = {Susana S Correia and Silvia Bassani and Tyler C Brown and Marie-France
	Lisé and Donald S Backos and Alaa El-Husseini and Maria Passafaro
	and José A Esteban},
  title = {Motor protein-dependent transport of AMPA receptors into spines during
	long-term potentiation.},
  journal = {Nature Neuroscience},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {11},
  pages = {457--466},
  number = {4},
  month = {Apr},
  abstract = {The regulated trafficking of neurotransmitter receptors at synapses
	is critical for synaptic function and plasticity. However, the molecular
	machinery that controls active transport of receptors into synapses
	is largely unknown. We found that, in rat hippocampus, the insertion
	of AMPA receptors (AMPARs) into spines during synaptic plasticity
	requires a specific motor protein, which we identified as myosin
	Va. We found that myosin Va associates with AMPARs through its cargo
	binding domain. This interaction was enhanced by active, GTP-bound
	Rab11, which is also transported by the motor protein. Myosin Va
	mediated the CaMKII-triggered translocation of GluR1 receptors from
	the dendritic shaft into spines, but it was not required for constitutive
	GluR2 trafficking. Accordingly, myosin Va was specifically required
	for long-term potentiation, but not for basal synaptic transmission.
	In summary, we identified the specific motor protein and organelle
	acceptor that catalyze the directional transport of AMPARs into spines
	during activity-dependent synaptic plasticity.},
  doi = {10.1038/nn2063},
  keywords = {plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pii = {nn2063},
  pmid = {18311135},
  timestamp = {2008.05.08},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn2063}
}
@book{Courant89,
  title = {{Methods of mathematical physics Part I}},
  publisher = {Wiley},
  year = {1989},
  author = {Courant, R. and Hilbert, D.},
  keywords = {various-artists},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{Cover91,
  title = {Elements of Information Theory},
  publisher = {Wiley},
  year = {1991},
  author = {T.M. Cover and J.A. Thomas},
  address = {New York}
}
@article{Covey91,
  author = {Ellen Covey and John H. Casseday},
  title = {The Monaural Nuclei of the Lateral Lemniscus in an Echolocating Bat:
	Parallel Pathways for Analyzing Temporal Features of Sound},
  journal = {The Journal of Neuroscience},
  year = {1991},
  volume = {11},
  pages = {3456--3470},
  number = {11}
}
@incollection{Cowan68,
  author = {J.D. Cowan},
  title = {Statistical mechanics of nervous nets},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 1967 NATO Conference on Neural Networks},
  publisher = {Springer, Berlin},
  year = {1968},
  editor = {E. R. Caianiello},
  pages = {xx}
}
@book{NIPS94,
  title = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems},
  publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann Publishers},
  year = {1994},
  author = {J. Cowan},
  volume = {6},
  address = {San Mateo}
}
@incollection{Cowan71,
  author = {J. D. Cowan},
  title = {A statistical mechancis of nervous activity},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of 2nd American Mathematical Society Symposium on Mathematical
	Questions in Biology},
  publisher = {Amer. Math. Society},
  year = {1971},
  editor = {M. Gerstenhaber},
  pages = {1-57}
}
@article{Cox05,
  author = {Cox, D.D. and Meier, P. and Oertelt, N. and DiCarlo, J.J.},
  title = {{ "Breaking" position-invariant object recognition}},
  journal = {Nature Neuroscience},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {8},
  pages = {1145--1147},
  number = {9},
  keywords = {slowness, vision, vision-models, vision-physiology},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{Cox62,
  title = {Renewal theory},
  publisher = {Methuen},
  year = {1962},
  author = {D. R. Cox},
  address = {London}
}
@book{Cox74,
  title = {Theoretical statistics},
  publisher = {London: Chapman \& Hall},
  year = {1974},
  author = {D. R. Cox and D. V. Hinckley},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{Cox66,
  title = {The statistical analysis of series of events},
  publisher = {Methuen},
  year = {1966},
  author = {D. R. Cox and P. A. W. Lewis},
  address = {London}
}
@article{Cressant02,
  author = {A. Cressant and R. U. Muller and B. Poucet},
  title = {Remapping of Place Cell Firing patterns after maze rotations},
  journal = {Experimental Brain Research},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {143},
  pages = {470--479},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Cressant99,
  author = {A. Cressant and R. U. Muller and B. Poucet},
  title = {Further Study of the Control of Place Cell Firing by Intra-Apparatus
	Objects},
  journal = {Hippocampus},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {9},
  pages = {423--431},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Cressant97,
  author = {A. Cressant and R. U. Muller and B. Poucet},
  title = {{Failure of centrally placed objects to control the firing fields
	of hippocampal place cells}},
  journal = {Journal of Neuroscience},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {17},
  pages = {2531--2542},
  number = {7},
  month = apr,
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{Creutzfeldt83,
  title = {Cortex cerebri.},
  publisher = {Springer--Verlag},
  year = {1983},
  author = {O. D. Creutzfeldt},
  address = {Berlin Heidelberg New York},
  note = {pp 76--78}
}
@phdthesis{Creutzig08a,
  author = {Felix Creutzig},
  title = {Sufficient Encoding of Dynamical Systems},
  school = {Humboldt-Universit{\"a}t zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche
	Fakult{\"a}t {I}, Universit{\"a}tsbibliothek},
  year = {2008},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Creutzig08,
  author = {Felix Creutzig and Henning Sprekeler},
  title = {Predictive Coding and the Slowness Principle: An Information-Theoretic
	Approach},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {20},
  pages = {1026--1041},
  number = {4},
  keywords = {optimal-coding, slowness},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Crisanti88,
  author = {A. Crisanti and H. Sompolinsky},
  title = {Dynamics of spin systems with randomly asymmetric bonds - ising spins
	and glauber dynamics },
  journal = {Phys. Rev. A},
  year = {1988},
  volume = {37},
  pages = {4865-4874}
}
@article{Crist97,
  author = {R. E. Crist and M. K. Kapadia and G. Westheimer and C. D. Gilbert},
  title = {Perceptual learning of spatial localization: specificity for orientation,
	position, and context},
  journal = {The Journal of Neurophysiology},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {78},
  pages = {2889-2894},
  keywords = {Perceptual-Learning},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Crist01,
  author = {R. E. Crist and W. Li and C. D. Gilbert},
  title = {Learning to see: experience and attention in primary visual cortex},
  journal = {Nature Neuroscience},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {4},
  pages = {519-525},
  number = {5},
  keywords = {Perceptual-Learning},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{Cronin87,
  title = {Mathematical Aspects of Hodgkin Huxley Theory},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  year = {1987},
  author = {Jane Cronin},
  address = {Cambridge}
}
@article{Crook92,
  author = {Crook, JM and Eysel, UT},
  title = {{GABA-induced inactivation of functionally characterized sites in
	cat visual cortex (area 18): effects on orientation tuning}},
  journal = {Journal of Neuroscience},
  year = {1992},
  volume = {12},
  pages = {1816},
  number = {5},
  keywords = {vision, vision-physiology},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {Soc Neuroscience},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Cross93a,
  author = {Cross, M.C. and Hohenberg, P.C.},
  title = {{Pattern formation outside of equilibrium}},
  journal = {Reviews of Modern Physics},
  year = {1993},
  volume = {65},
  pages = {851--1112},
  number = {3},
  keywords = {various-artists},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {APS},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Cross93,
  author = {M. C. Cross and P. C. Hohenberg},
  title = {Pattern formation outside of equilibrium},
  journal = {Review in Modern Physics},
  year = {1993},
  volume = {65},
  pages = {851--109?},
  number = {3}
}
@article{Csicsvari03,
  author = {J. Csicsvari and B. Jamieson and K.D. Wise and G. Buzsaki},
  title = {Mechanisms of Gamma Oscillations in the Hippocampus of the Behaving
	Rat},
  journal = {Neuron},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {37},
  pages = {311--322}
}
@article{Chatateau03,
  author = {Hideyuki C{\hat{a}}teau and Tomoki Fukai},
  title = {A Stochastic Method to Preduct the Consequence of Arbitrary Forms
	of Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {15},
  pages = {597--620},
  keywords = {Plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Schmidhuber07,
  author = {J. Schmidhuber adn D. Wierstra and M. Gagliolo and F. Gomez},
  title = {Training Recurrent Networks by Evolino},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {19},
  pages = {757-779},
  number = {3}
}
@book{Daley88,
  title = {An introduction to the theory of point processes},
  publisher = {Springer, New York},
  year = {1988},
  author = {D. Daley and D. Vere-Jones}
}
@article{Dan06,
  author = {Dan, Y. and Poo, M.M.},
  title = {{Spike Timing-Dependent Plasticity: From Synapse to Perception}},
  journal = {Physiological Reviews},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {86},
  pages = {1033},
  number = {3},
  keywords = {plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {Am Physiological Soc},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Dan04a,
  author = {Dan, Yang and Poo, Mu-Ming},
  title = {Spike timing-dependent plasticity of neural circuits},
  journal = {Neuron},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {44},
  pages = {23--30},
  number = {1},
  month = {Sep},
  keywords = {Plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Dan04,
  author = {Y. Dan and {M.-m.} Poo },
  title = {Spike Timing-Dependent Plasticity of Neural Circuits},
  journal = {Neuron},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {44},
  pages = {23-30}
}
@article{Darwin73,
  author = {C. R. Darwin},
  title = {Origin of certain instincts},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {1873},
  volume = {7},
  pages = {417--418},
  note = {Early mentioning of dead reckoning for navigation},
  keywords = {Various-Artists},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{Davydov76,
  title = {{Quantum mechanics}},
  publisher = {Pergamon Press New York},
  year = {1976},
  author = {Davydov, A.S.},
  keywords = {Various-Artists},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Daw05,
  author = {N.D. Daw and Y. Niv and P. Dayan},
  title = { Uncertainty-based competition between prefrontal and dorsolateral
	striatal systems for behavioral control. },
  journal = {Nature Neuroscience},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {8},
  pages = {1704-1711}
}
@article{Dayan02,
  author = {P Dayan},
  title = {Motivated reinforcement learning},
  journal = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 14},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {11--18}
}
@article{Dayan92,
  author = {P. Dayan},
  title = {The convergens of \protect{TD}$(\lambda)$ for general $\lambda$},
  journal = {Machine learning},
  year = {1992},
  volume = {8},
  pages = {341-362}
}
@book{Dayan01,
  title = {Theoretical Neuroscience},
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  year = {2001},
  author = {P. Dayan and L. F. Abbott},
  address = {Cambridge}
}
@book{Dayan01a,
  title = {Theoretical neuroscience; Computational and Mathematical Modeling
	of Neural Systems},
  publisher = {The MIT Press; Cambridge, Massachusetts; London, England},
  year = {2001},
  author = {P. Dayan and L. F. Abbott},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@incollection{Dayan04,
  author = { Peter Dayan and Michael {H\"{a}usser}},
  title = { Plasticity Kernels and Temporal Statistics},
  booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 16},
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  year = {2004},
  editor = {Sebastian Thrun and Lawrence Saul and Bernhard {Sch\"{o}lkopf}},
  address = {Cambridge, MA}
}
@inproceedings{Dayan04a,
  author = {Peter Dayan and Michael {H\"{a}usser} and Michael London},
  title = {Plasticity Kernels and Temporal Statistics},
  booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 16},
  year = {2004},
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  keywords = {plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Dayan94,
  author = {P. Dayan and T. Sejnowski},
  title = {\protect{TD($\lambda$)} converges with probability 1},
  journal = {Machine Learning},
  year = {1994},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {295-301}
}
@article{De00,
  author = {Russell L. {De Valois} and Nicolas P. Cottaris and Luke E. Mahon
	and Sylvia D. Elfar and J. Anthony Wilson},
  title = {Spatial and temporal receptive fields of geniculate and cortical
	cells and direction selectivity},
  journal = {Vision Research},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {40},
  pages = {3685--3702},
  keywords = {Vision-Physiology, vision},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{De82,
  author = {R. L. {De Valois} and E. W. Yund and N. Hepler},
  title = {The orientation and direction selectivity of cells in macaque visual
	cortex},
  journal = {Vision Research},
  year = {1982},
  volume = {22},
  pages = {531--544},
  keywords = {Vision-Physiology, vision},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Deangelis95,
  author = {G. C. De\protect{A}ngelis and I. Ohzwaw and R. D. Freeman},
  title = {Receptive-field dynamics in the central visual pathways},
  journal = {Trends in Neurosci.},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {18},
  pages = {451-458}
}
@article{DeAngelis99,
  author = {Gregory C. DeAngelis and Geoffrey M. Ghose and Izumi Ohzawa and Ralph
	D. Freeman},
  title = {Functional Micro-Organization of Primary Visual Cortex: Receptive
	Field Analysis of Nearby Neurons},
  journal = {Journal of Neuroscience},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {19},
  pages = {4046--4064},
  number = {9},
  keywords = {vision, Vision-Physiology},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{DeAngelis92,
  author = {G. C. DeAngelis and J. G. Robson and I. Ohzawa and R. D. Freeman},
  title = {Organization of Suppression in Receptive Fields of Neurons in Cat
	Visual Cortex},
  journal = {Journal of Neurophysiology},
  year = {1992},
  volume = {68},
  pages = {144--163},
  number = {1},
  keywords = {vision, Vision-Physiology},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Debanne98,
  author = {D. Debanne and B.H. G\protect{\"a}hwiler and S.M. Thompson},
  title = {Long-term synaptic plasticity between pairs of individual {CA3} pyramidal
	cells in rat hippocampal slice cultures.},
  journal = {J. Physiol.},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {507},
  pages = {237-247}
}
@article{Debanne94,
  author = {D. Debanne and B. H. G\protect{\"a}hwiler and S. M. Thompson},
  title = {Asynchronous pre- and postsynaptic activity induces associative long-term
	depression in area \protect {CA1} of the rat \protect{H}ippocampus
	in vitro},
  journal = {Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA},
  year = {1994},
  volume = {91},
  pages = {1148-1152}
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	proposed mechanisms emphasized exclusively intrathalamic mechanisms
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	essential to the present cellular mechanism and is also consistently
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	type of corticothalamic feedback, cortical discharges recruited large
	areas of the thalamus because of the divergent cortex-to-RE and RE-to-TC
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	patterns of oscillations and synchrony similar to in vivo recordings.
	The model also emphasizes the important role of the modulation of
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	suggested to test the validity of this model.},
  address = {Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, Faculte de Medecine, Universite
	Laval, Quebec G1K 7P4, Canada.},
  au = {Destexhe, A and Contreras, D and Steriade, M},
  da = {19980414},
  date-added = {2008-03-17 18:01:21 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-17 18:01:27 +0100},
  dcom = {19980414},
  edat = {1998/04/18},
  issn = {0022-3077 (Print)},
  jid = {0375404},
  jt = {Journal of neurophysiology},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20061115},
  mh = {Animals; Cats; Cerebral Cortex/*physiology; Evoked Potentials/physiology;
	Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials/physiology; Feedback; Interneurons/physiology;
	Ion Channel Gating; Membrane Potentials; *Models, Neurological; Pyramidal
	Cells/physiology; Receptors, AMPA/physiology; Receptors, GABA/physiology;
	Receptors, Neurotransmitter/physiology; Synaptic Transmission; Thalamic
	Nuclei/cytology/*physiology},
  mhda = {1998/04/18 00:01},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pl = {UNITED STATES},
  pmid = {9463458},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't},
  pubm = {Print},
  rn = {0 (Receptors, AMPA); 0 (Receptors, GABA); 0 (Receptors, Neurotransmitter)},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {J Neurophysiol. 1998 Feb;79(2):999-1016. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
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  address = {NEC Research Institute, 4 Independence Way, New Jersey 08540, USA.
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  da = {20010823},
  date-added = {2008-03-27 14:10:56 +0100},
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  edat = {2001/08/24 10:00},
  issn = {0028-0836 (Print)},
  jid = {0410462},
  jt = {Nature},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20031114},
  mh = {*Adaptation, Physiological; Animals; Data Interpretation, Statistical;
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  mhda = {2001/09/14 10:01},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pii = {35090500},
  pl = {England},
  pmid = {11518957},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article},
  pubm = {Print},
  sb = {IM},
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	of Conductances}},
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  year = {2006},
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  owner = {sprekeler},
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  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
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  owner = {sprekeler},
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  owner = {sprekeler},
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}
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	Synaptic Plasticity}},
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  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
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	during the awake state}},
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  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
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}
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@article{Brunel03b,
  author = {N. Fourcaud-Trocme and D. Hansel and C \protect{van Vreeswijk} and
	N. Brunel},
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	fluctuating inputs },
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}
@article{Fourcaud03,
  author = {N. Fourcaud-Trocme and D. Hansel and C. \protect{van Vreeswijk} and
	N. Brunel},
  title = {How spike generation mechanisms determine the neuronal response to
	fluctuating input},
  journal = {J. Neuroscience},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {23},
  pages = {11628-11640}
}
@article{Fourcaud-Trocme03,
  author = {Fourcaud-Trocme, Nicolas and Hansel, David and van Vreeswijk, Carl
	and Brunel, Nicolas},
  title = {How spike generation mechanisms determine the neuronal response to
	fluctuating inputs.},
  journal = {J Neurosci},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {23},
  pages = {11628--11640},
  number = {37},
  abstract = {This study examines the ability of neurons to track temporally varying
	inputs, namely by investigating how the instantaneous firing rate
	of a neuron is modulated by a noisy input with a small sinusoidal
	component with frequency (f). Using numerical simulations of conductance-based
	neurons and analytical calculations of one-variable nonlinear integrate-and-fire
	neurons, we characterized the dependence of this modulation on f.
	For sufficiently high noise, the neuron acts as a low-pass filter.
	The modulation amplitude is approximately constant for frequencies
	up to a cutoff frequency, fc, after which it decays. The cutoff frequency
	increases almost linearly with the firing rate. For higher frequencies,
	the modulation amplitude decays as C/falpha, where the power alpha
	depends on the spike initiation mechanism. For conductance-based
	models, alpha = 1, and the prefactor C depends solely on the average
	firing rate and a spike "slope factor," which determines the sharpness
	of the spike initiation. These results are attributable to the fact
	that near threshold, the sodium activation variable can be approximated
	by an exponential function. Using this feature, we propose a simplified
	one-variable model, the "exponential integrate-and-fire neuron,"
	as an approximation of a conductance-based model. We show that this
	model reproduces the dynamics of a simple conductance-based model
	extremely well. Our study shows how an intrinsic neuronal property
	(the characteristics of fast sodium channels) determines the speed
	with which neurons can track changes in input.},
  address = {Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unite Mixte de Recherche
	8119, Neurophysique et Physiologie du Systeme Moteur, Unite de Formation
	et de Recherche Biomedicale, Universite Paris 5 Rene Descartes, 75270
	Paris Cedex 06, France.},
  au = {Fourcaud-Trocme, N and Hansel, D and van Vreeswijk, C and Brunel,
	N},
  da = {20031219},
  date-added = {2007-12-05 18:25:04 +0100},
  date-modified = {2007-12-05 18:25:11 +0100},
  dcom = {20040116},
  edat = {2003/12/20 05:00},
  issn = {1529-2401 (Electronic)},
  jid = {8102140},
  jt = {The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society
	for Neuroscience},
  keywords = {Neuronal-Processing},
  language = {eng},
  mhda = {2004/01/17 05:00},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pii = {23/37/11628},
  pl = {United States},
  pmid = {14684865},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article},
  pubm = {Print},
  rn = {0 (Sodium Channels)},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {J Neurosci. 2003 Dec 17;23(37):11628-40. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
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@article{Franco07,
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	inferior temporal visual cortex}},
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  year = {2007},
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  number = {6},
  keywords = {vision,optimal-coding},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {Springer},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Frank04,
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	environments}},
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  year = {2004},
  volume = {24},
  pages = {7681--7689},
  number = {35},
  month = sep,
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Franz00,
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}
@article{Franz98,
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  title = {{Learning View Graphs for Robot Navigation}},
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@phdthesis{Franzius08,
  author = {Mathias Franzius},
  title = {Slowness and Sparseness for Unsupervised Learning of Spatial and
	Object Codes from Naturalistic Data},
  school = {Humboldt-Universit{\"a}t zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche
	Fakult{\"a}t {I}, Universit{\"a}tsbibliothek},
  year = {2008},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@mastersthesis{Franzius03,
  author = {M. Franzius},
  title = {{Un{\"u}berwachtes Lernen von Texturen in einem hierarchischen Neuronalen
	Netzwerk mittels nat{\"u}rlicher Stimuli}},
  school = {Lehrstuhl f{\"u}r Grafische Systeme},
  year = {2003},
  type = {Diplomarbeit},
  address = {Brandenburgische Technische Universit{\"a}t Cottbus},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Franzius07b,
  author = {Mathias Franzius and Henning Sprekeler and Laurenz Wiskott},
  title = {Slowness and sparseness lead to place, head-direction, and spatial-view
	cells.},
  journal = {PLoS Computationl Biology},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {e166},
  number = {8},
  month = {Aug},
  abstract = {We present a model for the self-organized formation of place cells,
	head-direction cells, and spatial-view cells in the hippocampal formation
	based on unsupervised learning on quasi-natural visual stimuli. The
	model comprises a hierarchy of Slow Feature Analysis (SFA) nodes,
	which were recently shown to reproduce many properties of complex
	cells in the early visual system []. The system extracts a distributed
	grid-like representation of position and orientation, which is transcoded
	into a localized place-field, head-direction, or view representation,
	by sparse coding. The type of cells that develops depends solely
	on the relevant input statistics, i.e., the movement pattern of the
	simulated animal. The numerical simulations are complemented by a
	mathematical analysis that allows us to accurately predict the output
	of the top SFA layer.},
  doi = {10.1371/journal.pcbi.0030166},
  keywords = {hippocampus, slowness},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pii = {07-PLCB-RA-0240},
  pmid = {17784780},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.0030166}
}
@inproceedings{Franzius06,
  author = {Mathias Franzius and Henning Sprekeler and Laurenz Wiskott},
  title = {Slowness leads to place cells},
  booktitle = {Proceedings CNS 2006},
  year = {2006},
  keywords = {slowness, hippocampus,},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@inproceedings{Franzius06a,
  author = {M.\ Franzius and H.\ Sprekeler and L.\ Wiskott},
  title = {Slowness leads to place cells},
  booktitle = {Proc.\ Berlin Neuroscience Forum 2006, Bad Liebenwalde, June 8--10},
  year = {2006},
  pages = {42},
  address = {Berlin},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  urlabstract = {http://itb.biologie.hu-berlin.de/~wiskott/Abstracts/FranSpreWisk2006a.html}
}
@article{Franzius07a,
  author = {M. Franzius and R. Vollgraf and L. Wiskott},
  title = {From grids to places.},
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  year = {2007},
  volume = {22},
  pages = {297--299},
  number = {3},
  month = {Jun},
  doi = {10.1007/s10827-006-0013-7},
  keywords = {hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pmid = {17195112},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10827-006-0013-7}
}
@inproceedings{Franzius07,
  author = {Mathias Franzius and Niko Wilbert and Laurenz Wiskott},
  title = {Unsupervised Learning of Invariant 3{D}-Object Representations with
	Slow Feature Analysis},
  booktitle = {Proc. 3rd Bernstein Symposium for Computational Neuroscience, Göttingen,
	September 24--27},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {105},
  publisher = {Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (BCCN) Göttingen},
  keywords = {slowness},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  urlabstract = {http://itb.biologie.hu-berlin.de/~wiskott/Abstracts/FranWilbWisk2007.html}
}
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@inproceedings{Friedman01,
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  booktitle = {Proceedings of Uncertainty in AI},
  year = {2001},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Froemke02,
  author = {R. Froemke and Y. Dan},
  title = {Spike-timing dependent plasticity induced by natural spike trains},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {2002},
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  pages = {433-438}
}
@article{Froemke02a,
  author = {Froemke, RC and Dan, Y.},
  title = {{Spike-timing-dependent synaptic modification induced by natural
	spike trains.}},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {416},
  pages = {433--8},
  number = {6879},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Froemke07a,
  author = {Froemke, RC and Merzenich, MM and Schreiner, CE},
  title = {{A synaptic memory trace for cortical receptive field plasticity.}},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {450},
  pages = {425--9},
  number = {7168},
  keywords = {plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Froemke07,
  author = {Robert C. Froemke and Michael M. Merzenich and Christoph E. Schreiner},
  title = {A synaptic memory trace for cortical receptive field plasticity},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {450},
  pages = {425-429}
}
@article{Froemke05,
  author = {R. C. Froemke and M.-M. Poo and Y. Dan},
  title = {Spike-timing-dependent synaptic plasticity depends on dendritic location},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {434},
  pages = {221-225}
}
@article{Froemke05a,
  author = {Robert C. Froemke and Mu{-}ming Poo and Yang Dan},
  title = {Spike-timing-dependent plasticity depends on dendritic location},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {434},
  pages = {221--225},
  keywords = {Plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Froemke06,
  author = {R. C. Froemke and I.A. Tsay and M. Raad and J.D. Long and Y. Dan},
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	modification},
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  year = {2006},
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}
@article{Frost06,
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  title = {The neural mechanisms of long distance animal navigation},
  journal = {Current Opinions in Neurobiololy},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {16},
  pages = {481--8},
  number = {4},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Hermens08,
  author = {Frouke Hermens and Gediminas Luksys and Wulfram Gerstner
                  and Michael H.  Herzog},
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  pages = {83-100}
}
@article{Frohlich08,
  author = {Fr{\"o}hlich, Flavio and Bazhenov, Maxim and Sejnowski, Terrence
	J.},
  title = {Pathological Effect of Homeostatic Synaptic Scaling on Network Dynamics
	in Diseases of the Cortex},
  journal = {Journal of Neuroscience},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {28},
  pages = {1709-1720},
  number = {7},
  abstract = {Slow periodic EEG discharges are common in CNS disorders. The pathophysiology
	of this aberrant rhythmic activity is poorly understood. We used
	a computational model of a neocortical network with a dynamic homeostatic
	scaling rule to show that loss of input (partial deafferentation)
	can trigger network reorganization that results in pathological periodic
	discharges. The decrease in average firing rate in the network by
	deafferentation was compensated by homeostatic synaptic scaling of
	recurrent excitation among pyramidal cells. Synaptic scaling succeeded
	in recovering the network target firing rate for all degrees of deafferentation
	(fraction of deafferented cells), but there was a critical degree
	of deafferentation for pathological network reorganization. For deafferentation
	degrees below this value, homeostatic upregulation of recurrent excitation
	had minimal effect on the macroscopic network dynamics. For deafferentation
	above this threshold, however, a slow periodic oscillation appeared,
	patterns of activity were less sparse, and bursting occurred in individual
	neurons. Also, comparison of spike-triggered afferent and recurrent
	excitatory conductances revealed that information transmission was
	strongly impaired. These results suggest that homeostatic plasticity
	can lead to secondary functional impairment in case of cortical disorders
	associated with cell loss.},
  doi = {10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4263-07.2008},
  eprint = {http://www.jneurosci.org/cgi/reprint/28/7/1709.pdf},
  keywords = {plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  url = {http://www.jneurosci.org/cgi/content/abstract/28/7/1709}
}
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}
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	D.S. Touretzky},
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	Place Cell Remapping Between Visually Identical Environments},
  journal = {Journal of Neurophysiology},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {94},
  pages = {2603--2613},
  number = {4},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Fuhs98,
  author = {M. C. Fuhs and A. D. Redish and D. S. Touretzky},
  title = {A Visually Driven Hippocampal Place Cell Model},
  journal = {Proceedings of the Sixth Annual Conference on Computational Neuroscience
	: Trends in Research, 1998},
  year = {1998},
  pages = {101--106},
  editor = {J. Bower},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {Plenum Publishing},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Fuhs06,
  author = {Mark C Fuhs and David S Touretzky},
  title = {A spin glass model of path integration in rat medial entorhinal cortex.},
  journal = {J Neurosci},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {26},
  pages = {4266--4276},
  number = {16},
  month = {Apr},
  abstract = {Electrophysiological recording studies in the dorsocaudal region of
	medial entorhinal cortex (dMEC) of the rat reveal cells whose spatial
	firing fields show a remarkably regular hexagonal grid pattern (Fyhn
	et al., 2004; Hafting et al., 2005). We describe a symmetric, locally
	connected neural network, or spin glass model, that spontaneously
	produces a hexagonal grid of activity bumps on a two-dimensional
	sheet of units. The spatial firing fields of the simulated cells
	closely resemble those of dMEC cells. A collection of grids with
	different scales and/or orientations forms a basis set for encoding
	position. Simulations show that the animal's location can easily
	be determined from the population activity pattern. Introducing an
	asymmetry in the model allows the activity bumps to be shifted in
	any direction, at a rate proportional to velocity, to achieve path
	integration. Furthermore, information about the structure of the
	environment can be superimposed on the spatial position signal by
	modulation of the bump activity levels without significantly interfering
	with the hexagonal periodicity of firing fields. Our results support
	the conjecture of Hafting et al. (2005) that an attractor network
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  category = {model},
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  owner = {sprekeler},
  remarks = {introduces a network made up of n linear units learning according
	to Oja's rule with lateral connections learning anti-hebbian, which
	evolves to find weights such that the rows of the transformation
	matrix span the subspace of the first n principal components of the
	input},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  voume = {1}
}
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  year = {2004},
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  pages = {11046--11056},
  number = {49},
  abstract = {Under certain conditions, regenerative voltage spikes can be initiated
	locally in the dendrites of CA1 pyramidal neurons. These are interesting
	events that could potentially provide neurons with additional computational
	abilities. Using whole-cell dendritic recordings from the distal
	apical trunk and proximal tuft regions and realistic computer modeling,
	we have determined that highly synchronized and moderately clustered
	inputs are required for dendritic spike initiation: approximately
	50 synaptic inputs spread over 100 mum of the apical trunk/tuft need
	to be activated within 3 msec. Dendritic spikes are characterized
	by a more depolarized voltage threshold than at the soma [-48 +/-
	1 mV (n = 30) vs -56 +/- 1 mV (n = 7), respectively] and are mainly
	generated and shaped by dendritic Na+ and K+ currents. The relative
	contribution of AMPA and NMDA currents is also important in determining
	the actual spatiotemporal requirements for dendritic spike initiation.
	Once initiated, dendritic spikes can easily reach the soma, but their
	propagation is only moderately strong, so that it can be modulated
	by physiologically relevant factors such as changes in the V(m) and
	the ionic composition of the extracellular solution. With effective
	spike propagation, an extremely short-latency neuronal output is
	produced for greatly reduced input levels. Therefore, dendritic spikes
	function as efficient detectors of specific input patterns, ensuring
	that the neuronal response to high levels of input synchrony is a
	precisely timed action potential output.},
  address = {Neuroscience Center, Louisiana State University Health Science Center,
	New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA. sgaspa1@lsuhsc.edu},
  au = {Gasparini, S and Migliore, M and Magee, JC},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2520-04.2004},
  da = {20041213},
  date-added = {2008-03-28 23:32:52 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-28 23:32:55 +0100},
  dcom = {20050707},
  doi = {10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2520-04.2004},
  edat = {2004/12/14 09:00},
  gr = {NS39458/NS/United States NINDS},
  issn = {1529-2401 (Electronic)},
  jid = {8102140},
  jt = {The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society
	for Neuroscience},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20071114},
  mh = {Action Potentials/*physiology; Animals; Dendrites/*physiology; Electrodes;
	Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials/physiology; Ion Channels/physiology;
	Models, Neurological; Pyramidal Cells/*physiology/ultrastructure;
	Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA/physiology; Receptors,
	N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/physiology},
  mhda = {2005/07/08 09:00},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pii = {24/49/11046},
  pl = {United States},
  pmid = {15590921},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {In Vitro; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research
	Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.;
	Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.},
  pubm = {Print},
  rn = {0 (Ion Channels); 0 (Receptors, AMPA); 0 (Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate)},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {J Neurosci. 2004 Dec 8;24(49):11046-56. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
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}
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  year = {1991},
  editor = {R. P. Lippmann and J. E. Moody and D. S. Touretzky},
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  address = {San Mateo CA},
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}
@incollection{Gerstner98b,
  author = {W. Gerstner},
  title = {Spiking Neurons},
  booktitle = {Pulsed Neural Networks},
  publisher = {MIT-Press},
  year = {1998},
  editor = {W. Maass and C. M. Bishop},
  chapter = {1},
  pages = {3-53}
}
@incollection{Gerstner98c,
  author = {W. Gerstner},
  title = {Populations of spiking neurons},
  booktitle = {Pulsed Neural Networks},
  publisher = {MIT-Press},
  year = {1998},
  editor = {W. Maass and C. M. Bishop},
  chapter = {10},
  pages = {261-295}
}
@incollection{Gerstner00d,
  author = {W. Gerstner},
  title = {A framework for spiking neuron models - the spike response model},
  booktitle = {Handbook of Biological Physics},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  year = {2001},
  editor = {Frank Moss and Stan Gielen},
  volume = {4},
  chapter = {12},
  pages = {469-516},
  address = {Amsterdam}
}
@article{Gerstner01,
  author = {W. Gerstner},
  title = {Coding properties of spiking neurons: reverse- and cross-correlations},
  journal = {Neural Networks},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {599-610}
}
@article{Gerstner01a,
  author = {Gerstner, W.},
  title = {{Coding properties of spiking neurons: reverse and cross-correlations}},
  journal = {Neural Networks},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {599--610},
  number = {6-7},
  keywords = {neuronal-processing},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Gerstner00,
  author = {W. Gerstner},
  title = {Population dynamics of spiking neurons: fast transients, asynchronous
	states and locking},
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  year = {2000},
  volume = {12},
  pages = {43-89}
}
@article{Gerstner98a,
  author = {W. Gerstner},
  title = {Population dynamics for spiking neurons: fast transients, asynchronous
	states and locking},
  journal = { Neural Computation, to appear},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {12},
  pages = {43-89}
}
@article{Gerstner99a,
  author = {W. Gerstner},
  title = {Population dynamics of spiking neurons: fast transients, asynchronous
	states and locking},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {12},
  pages = {43-89}
}
@incollection{Gerstner99c,
  author = {W. Gerstner},
  title = {Rapid signal transmission by a population of spiking neurons},
  booktitle = {ICANN'99 Artificial Neural Networks},
  publisher = {IEE Conference Publication},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {470},
  pages = {7-12}
}
@article{Gerstner96d,
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  title = {Rapid phase locking in systems of pulse-coupled oscillators with
	delays},
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  year = {1996},
  volume = {76},
  pages = {1755-1758}
}
@article{Gerstner95a,
  author = {W. Gerstner},
  title = {Time Structure of the Activity in Neural Network Models},
  journal = {Phys. Rev. E},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {51},
  pages = {738-758},
  number = {1}
}
@article{Gerstner96c,
  author = {W. Gerstner},
  title = {A framework for spiking model neurons: The spike response method},
  journal = {preprint, TU-Muenchen},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {xx},
  pages = {xx}
}
@book{Gerstner93c,
  title = {Kodierung und Signal\protect{\"u}bertragung in Neuronalen Systemen:
	Assoziative Netzwerke mit stochastisch feuernden Neuronen},
  publisher = {Harri--Deutsch Verlag},
  year = {1993},
  author = {W. Gerstner},
  volume = {15},
  series = {Reihe Physik},
  address = {Frankfurt/Main},
  note = {Dissertation Nov. 1992, TU M\protect{\"u}nchen}
}
@article{Gerstner97,
  author = {W. Gerstner and L. F. Abbott},
  title = {Learning navigational maps through potentiation and modulation of
	hippocampal place cells},
  journal = {Journal of Comput. Neurosci.},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {4},
  pages = {79-94}
}
@incollection{Gerstner94b,
  author = {W. Gerstner and J. L. van~Hemmen},
  title = {How to describe neural activity -- spikes, rates, or assemblies?},
  booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 6},
  publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, San Francisco, CA},
  year = {1994},
  editor = {J. D. Cowan and G. Tesauro and J. Alspector},
  pages = {463-470}
}
@inproceedings{Gerstner94a,
  author = {W. Gerstner and J. L. van~Hemmen},
  title = {Coding and information processing in neural networks.},
  booktitle = {Models of neural networks II},
  year = {1994},
  editor = {E. Domany and J. L. van Hemmen and K. Schulten},
  pages = {1-93},
  address = {New York},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
  anote = {chap. 1}
}
@incollection{Gerstner93e,
  author = {W. Gerstner and J. L. van~Hemmen},
  title = {Spikes or Rates? -- Stationary, oscillatory, and spatio-temporal
	states in an associative network of spiking neurons},
  booktitle = {ICANN'93, Proceedings of the International Conference on Artificial
	Neural Networks, Amsterdam, 13-16 September 1993},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
  year = {1993},
  editor = {S. Gielen and B. Kappen},
  pages = {633-638},
  address = {London}
}
@article{Gerstner93d,
  author = {W. Gerstner and J. L. van~Hemmen},
  title = {Coherence and incoherence in a globally coupled ensemble of pulse
	emitting units},
  journal = {Phys. Rev. Lett.},
  year = {1993},
  volume = {71},
  pages = {312--315},
  number = {3}
}
@article{Gerstner92a,
  author = {W. Gerstner and J. L. van Hemmen},
  title = {Associative memory in a network of `spiking' neurons.},
  journal = {Network},
  year = {1992},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {139--164}
}
@article{Gerstner92b,
  author = {W. Gerstner and J. L. van Hemmen},
  title = {Universality in neural networks: The importance of the mean firing
	rate.},
  journal = {Biol. Cybern.},
  year = {1992},
  volume = {67},
  pages = {195--205}
}
@article{Gerstner96b,
  author = {W. Gerstner and J. L. van Hemmen and J. D. Cowan},
  title = {What matters in neuronal locking},
  journal = {Neural Comput.},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {8},
  pages = {1653-1676}
}
@incollection{Gerstner97b,
  author = {W. Gerstner and R. Kempter and J.L. van Hemmen and H. Wagner},
  title = {A developmental learning rule for coincidence tuning in the barn
	owl auditory system},
  booktitle = {Computational Neuroscience: trends in research 1997},
  publisher = {Plenum Press, New York},
  year = {1997},
  editor = {J. Bower},
  pages = {665-669}
}
@article{Gerstner96,
  author = {Gerstner, W. and Kempter, R. and van Hemmen, J.L. and Wagner, H.},
  title = {{A neuronal learning rule for sub-millisecond temporal coding}},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {383},
  pages = {76--78},
  number = {6595},
  keywords = {plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@incollection{Gerstner98d,
  author = {W. Gerstner and R. Kempter and J. L. van Hemmen},
  title = {Hebbian learning of Pulse timing in the Barn Owl auditory system},
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  publisher = {MIT-Press},
  year = {1998},
  editor = {W. Maass and C. M. Bishop},
  chapter = {14},
  pages = {353-377}
}
@article{Gerstner96a,
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  title = {A neuronal learning rule for sub-millisecond temporal coding},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {1996},
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  pages = {76-78}
}
@book{Gerstner02a,
  title = {{Spiking neuron models}},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press New York},
  year = {2002},
  author = {Gerstner, W. and Kistler, W.M.},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Gerstner02c,
  author = {Gerstner, W. and Kistler, W.M.},
  title = {{Mathematical formulations of Hebbian learning}},
  journal = {Biological Cybernetics},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {87},
  pages = {404--415},
  number = {5},
  keywords = {plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {Springer},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{Gerstner02,
  title = {Spiking Neuron Models},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  year = {2002},
  author = {W. Gerstner and W. K. Kistler},
  address = {Cambridge UK}
}
@article{Gerstner02b,
  author = {W. Gerstner and W. K. Kistler},
  title = {Mathematical Formulations of Hebbian Learning},
  journal = {Biological Cybernetics},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {87},
  pages = {404-415}
}
@book{Gerstner02d,
  title = {Spiking neuron models : single neurons, populations, plasticity },
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  year = {2002},
  author = {Gerstner, Wulfram and Kistler, Werner M.},
  address = {Cambridge, U.K. },
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://www.loc.gov/catdir/samples/cam031/2002067657.html},
  call-number = {QP363},
  date-added = {2008-03-26 15:57:05 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-26 15:57:17 +0100},
  dewey-call-number = {573.8/536},
  genre = {Neurons},
  isbn = {0521813840 (hardback)},
  library-id = {2002067657},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  url = {http://www.loc.gov/catdir/samples/cam031/2002067657.html}
}
@article{Gerstner97c,
  author = {W. Gerstner and A.K. Kreiter and H. Markram and A.V.M. Herz},
  title = {Neural codes: firing rates and beyond},
  journal = {Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {94},
  pages = {12740-12741}
}
@article{Gerstner93a,
  author = {W. Gerstner and R. Ritz and J. L. van~Hemmen},
  title = {A biologically motivated and analytically soluble model of collective
	oscillations in the cortex: {I}. Theory of weak locking.},
  journal = {Biol. Cybern.},
  year = {1993},
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  pages = {363--374}
}
@article{Gerstner93b,
  author = {W. Gerstner and R. Ritz and J. L. van~Hemmen},
  title = {Why spikes? {H}ebbian learning and retrieval of time--resolved excitation
	patterns.},
  journal = {Biol. Cybern.},
  year = {1993},
  volume = {69},
  pages = {503--515}
}
@incollection{Gerstner95d,
  author = {W. Gerstner and A. Schiegg and R. Ritz and J. L. van Hemmen},
  title = {Long term potentiation in dendritic spines: a model study},
  booktitle = {Goettingen Neurobiology Report 1995; Proceedings of the 23rd Goettingen
	Neurobiology Conference 1995},
  publisher = {Georg Thieme Verlag},
  year = {1995},
  editor = {N. Elsner and R. Menzel},
  volume = {1},
  pages = {121}
}
@article{Gestri78,
  author = {G. Gestri},
  title = {Dynamics of a Model for the variability of the interspike intervals
	in a retinal neuron},
  journal = {Biological Cybernetics},
  year = {1978},
  volume = {31},
  pages = {97-98}
}
@book{Geszti90,
  title = {Physical Models of Neural Networks},
  publisher = {World Scientific},
  year = {1990},
  author = {Tam\'{a}s Geszti},
  address = {Singapore}
}
@article{Ghose04,
  author = {G. M. Ghose},
  title = {Learning in mammalian sensory cortex},
  journal = {Current Opinion in Neurobiology},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {513-518},
  keywords = {Perceptual-Learning},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Ghose97,
  author = {G. M. Ghose and J. H. R. Maunsell},
  title = {Perceptual learning can selectively alter neural responses in primate
	V1},
  journal = {Society for Neuroscience Abstracts},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {23},
  pages = {1544},
  keywords = {Perceptual-Learning},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Ghose02,
  author = {G. M. Ghose and T. Yang and J. H. R. Maunsell},
  title = {Physiological correlates of perceptual learning in monkey V1 and
	V2},
  journal = {The Journal of Neurophysiology},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {87},
  pages = {1867-1888},
  keywords = {Perceptual-Learning},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Gibson63,
  author = {E. J. Gibson},
  title = {Perceptual learning},
  journal = {Annual Reviews in Psychology},
  year = {1963},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {29-56},
  keywords = {Perceptual-Learning},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Gibson05,
  author = {J.R. Gibson and M. Beierlein and B.W. Connors},
  title = {Functional Properties of Electrical Synapses Between Inhibitory Interneurons
	of Neocortical Layer 4},
  journal = {J.~{N}europhysiol.},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {93},
  pages = {467--480}
}
@article{Gilbert98,
  author = {C. D. Gilbert},
  title = {Adult cortical dynamics},
  journal = {Physiological Reviews},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {78},
  pages = {467-485},
  keywords = {Perceptual-Learning},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Gilbert01,
  author = {C. D. Gilbert and M. Sigman and R. E. Crist},
  title = {The neural basis of perceptual learning},
  journal = {Neuron},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {31},
  pages = {681-697},
  keywords = {Perceptual-Learning},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Gillies00,
  author = {Gillies, Andrew and Arbuthnott, Gordon},
  title = {Computational models of the basal ganglia},
  journal = {Movement Disorders},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {15},
  pages = {762--770},
  number = {5},
  owner = {fremaux},
  timestamp = {2008.05.07},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1531-8257(200009)15:5<762::AID-MDS1002>3.0.CO;2-2}
}
@article{Gillner98,
  author = {S. Gillner and H. Mallot},
  title = {Navigation and acquisition of spatial knowledge in a virtual maze},
  journal = {J. Cognitive Neurosciencie},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {10},
  pages = {445-463}
}
@incollection{Giorno92,
  author = {V. Giorno and A. G. Nobile and L. M.Ricciardi},
  title = {Instantaneous return processes and neuronal firings.},
  booktitle = {Cybernetics and Systems Research, Vol 1.},
  publisher = {World Scientific Press},
  year = {1992},
  editor = {R. Trappl},
  pages = {829-236}
}
@article{Glass79,
  author = {L. Glass and M.C. Mackey},
  title = {A simple model for phase locking in biological oscillators},
  journal = {J. Mathematical Biol.},
  year = {1979},
  volume = {7},
  pages = {339-352}
}
@article{Gluck03,
  author = {M.A. Gluck and M. Meeter and C.E. Myers},
  title = {Computational models of the hippocampal region: linking incremental
	learning and episodic memory},
  journal = {TRENDS in Cognitive Sciences},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {7},
  number = {6},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Gluss67,
  author = {B. Gluss},
  title = {A model of neuron firing with exponential decay of potential resulting
	in diffusion equations for the probability density},
  journal = {Bull. Math. Biophysics},
  year = {1967},
  volume = {29},
  pages = {233-243},
  comment = {Building on work Gers:1964(41), he adds exponential decay between
	PSPs (i.e. leakiness) and performs the diffusion limit for many,
	tiny PSPs. Derives expressions for ISID using integral equation ansatz.},
  topic = {Stochastic process, integrate-and-fire, ISI, FPTD, integral equation,
	diffusion approximation}
}
@article{Gold99,
  author = {J. Gold and P. J. Bennett and A. B. Sekuler},
  title = {Signal but not noise changes with perceptual learning},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {402},
  pages = {176-178},
  keywords = {Perceptual-Learning},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Gold94,
  author = {J. I. Gold and M. F. Bear},
  title = {A model of dendritic spike {$Ca^{2+}$} concentration exploring possible
	basis for sliding synaptic modification threshold},
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  year = {1994},
  volume = {91},
  pages = {3941-3945}
}
@article{Goldberg64,
  author = {J.M. Goldberg and H.O. Adrian and F.D. Smith},
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	stimuli of long duration},
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  year = {1964},
  volume = {27},
  pages = {706-749},
  optannote = {experimental interval distribution/hazard function/renewal}
}
@article{Goldberg02,
  author = {J. Goldberg and K. Holthoff and R. Yuste},
  title = {A problem with Hebb and local spikes},
  journal = {Trends in Neurosciences},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {25},
  pages = {433-435}
}
@article{Goldberg69,
  author = {Jay M. Goldberg and Paul B. Brown},
  title = {Response of Binaural Neurons of Dog {S}uperior {O}livary {C}omplex
	to Dichotic Tonal Stimuli: Some Physiological Mechanisms of Sound
	Localization},
  journal = {J. Neurophysiol.},
  year = {1969},
  volume = {32},
  pages = {613--636}
}
@article{Golding02,
  author = {Golding, Nace L and Staff, Nathan P and Spruston, Nelson},
  title = {Dendritic spikes as a mechanism for cooperative long-term potentiation.},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {418},
  pages = {326--331},
  number = {6895},
  abstract = {Strengthening of synaptic connections following coincident pre- and
	postsynaptic activity was proposed by Hebb as a cellular mechanism
	for learning. Contemporary models assume that multiple synapses must
	act cooperatively to induce the postsynaptic activity required for
	hebbian synaptic plasticity. One mechanism for the implementation
	of this cooperation is action potential firing, which begins in the
	axon, but which can influence synaptic potentiation following active
	backpropagation into dendrites. Backpropagation is limited, however,
	and action potentials often fail to invade the most distal dendrites.
	Here we show that long-term potentiation of synapses on the distal
	dendrites of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons does require cooperative
	synaptic inputs, but does not require axonal action potential firing
	and backpropagation. Rather, locally generated and spatially restricted
	regenerative potentials (dendritic spikes) contribute to the postsynaptic
	depolarization and calcium entry necessary to trigger potentiation
	of distal synapses. We find that this mechanism can also function
	at proximal synapses, suggesting that dendritic spikes participate
	generally in a form of synaptic potentiation that does not require
	postsynaptic action potential firing in the axon.},
  address = {Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, Institute for Neuroscience,
	Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208-3520, USA.},
  au = {Golding, NL and Staff, NP and Spruston, N},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature00854},
  da = {20020718},
  date-added = {2008-03-28 23:33:54 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-28 23:33:56 +0100},
  dcom = {20020809},
  doi = {10.1038/nature00854},
  edat = {2002/07/19 10:00},
  issn = {0028-0836 (Print)},
  jid = {0410462},
  jt = {Nature},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20061115},
  mh = {*Action Potentials; Animals; Axons/physiology; Calcium/metabolism;
	Calcium Signaling; Dendrites/*physiology; Excitatory Postsynaptic
	Potentials/physiology; *Long-Term Potentiation; Pyramidal Cells/*cytology/*physiology;
	Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synapses/physiology; Theta Rhythm},
  mhda = {2002/08/10 10:01},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pii = {nature00854},
  pl = {England},
  pmid = {12124625},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't},
  pubm = {Print},
  rn = {7440-70-2 (Calcium)},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {Nature. 2002 Jul 18;418(6895):326-31. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Goldman01,
  author = {Goldman, M S and Golowasch, J and Marder, E and Abbott, L F},
  title = {Global structure, robustness, and modulation of neuronal models.},
  journal = {J Neurosci},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {21},
  pages = {5229--5238},
  number = {14},
  abstract = {The electrical characteristics of many neurons are remarkably robust
	in the face of changing internal and external conditions. At the
	same time, neurons can be highly sensitive to neuromodulators. We
	find correlates of this dual robustness and sensitivity in a global
	analysis of the structure of a conductance-based model neuron. We
	vary the maximal conductance parameters of the model neuron and,
	for each set of parameters tested, characterize the activity pattern
	generated by the cell as silent, tonically firing, or bursting. Within
	the parameter space of the five maximal conductances of the model,
	we find directions, representing concerted changes in multiple conductances,
	along which the basic pattern of neural activity does not change.
	In other directions, relatively small concurrent changes in a few
	conductances can induce transitions between these activity patterns.
	The global structure of the conductance-space maps implies that neuromodulators
	that alter a sensitive set of conductances will have powerful, and
	possibly state-dependent, effects. Other modulators that may have
	no direct impact on the activity of the neuron may nevertheless change
	the effects of such direct modulators via this state dependence.
	Some of the results and predictions arising from the model studies
	are replicated and verified in recordings of stomatogastric ganglion
	neurons using the dynamic clamp.},
  address = {Volen Center and Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham,
	Massachusetts 02454, USA. mark_g@mit.edu},
  au = {Goldman, MS and Golowasch, J and Marder, E and Abbott, LF},
  da = {20010704},
  date-added = {2007-12-11 22:16:34 +0100},
  date-modified = {2007-12-11 22:16:42 +0100},
  dcom = {20010726},
  edat = {2001/07/05 10:00},
  gr = {MH46742/MH/United States NIMH},
  issn = {1529-2401 (Electronic)},
  jid = {8102140},
  jt = {The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society
	for Neuroscience},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20071114},
  mhda = {2001/07/28 10:01},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pii = {21/14/5229},
  pl = {United States},
  pmid = {11438598},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support,
	U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.},
  pubm = {Print},
  rn = {0 (Neurotransmitter Agents)},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {J Neurosci. 2001 Jul 15;21(14):5229-38. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Goldman03,
  author = {Goldman, Mark S and Levine, Joseph H and Major, Guy and Tank, David
	W and Seung, H S},
  title = {Robust persistent neural activity in a model integrator with multiple
	hysteretic dendrites per neuron.},
  journal = {Cereb Cortex},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {13},
  pages = {1185--1195},
  number = {11},
  abstract = {Short-term memory is often correlated with persistent changes in neuronal
	firing rates in response to transient inputs. We model the persistent
	maintenance of an analog eye position signal by an oculomotor neural
	integrator receiving transient eye movement commands. Previous models
	of this network rely on precisely tuned positive feedback with <1%
	tolerance to mistuning, or use neurons that exhibit large discontinuities
	in firing rate with small changes in eye position. We show analytically
	how using neurons with multiple bistable dendritic compartments can
	enhance the robustness of eye fixations to mistuning while reproducing
	the approximately linear and continuous relationship between neuronal
	firing rates and eye position, and the dependence of neuron pair
	firing rate relationships on the direction of the previous saccade.
	The response of the model to continuously varying inputs makes testable
	predictions for the performance of the vestibuloocular reflex. Our
	results suggest that dendritic bistability could stabilize the persistent
	neural activity observed in working memory systems.},
  address = {Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department,
	MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. mgoldma1@wellesley.edu},
  au = {Goldman, MS and Levine, JH and Major, G and Tank, DW and Seung, HS},
  da = {20031024},
  date-added = {2008-03-28 23:36:27 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-28 23:36:33 +0100},
  dcom = {20031212},
  edat = {2003/10/25 05:00},
  gr = {EY06558/EY/United States NEI; RR00166/RR/United States NCRR},
  issn = {1047-3211 (Print)},
  jid = {9110718},
  jt = {Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20071114},
  mh = {Action Potentials/*physiology; Dendrites/*physiology; Eye Movements/physiology;
	*Neural Networks (Computer); Neurons/physiology},
  mhda = {2003/12/13 05:00},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pl = {United States},
  pmid = {14576210},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support,
	U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.},
  pubm = {Print},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {Cereb Cortex. 2003 Nov;13(11):1185-95. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Goles81,
  author = {E. Goles and J. Olivos},
  title = {Comportement p\'{e}riodique des fonctions \`{a} seuil binaires et
	applications.},
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  year = {1981},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {93--105}
}
@inproceedings{Goles86,
  author = {E. Goles and Y. Vichniac},
  title = {Lyapunov functions for parallel neural networks.},
  booktitle = {Neural networks for computing},
  year = {1986},
  editor = {J. S. Denker},
  pages = {165--181},
  address = {New York},
  publisher = {American Institute of Physics}
}
@article{Golob97,
  author = {E. J. Golob and J. S. Taube},
  title = {{Head direction cells and episodic spatial information in rats without
	a hippocampus}},
  journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States
	of America},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {94},
  pages = {7645--7650},
  number = {14},
  month = jul,
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Golomb02,
  author = {D. Golomb and G.B. Ermentrout},
  title = {Slow excitation supports propagation of slow pulses in networks of
	excitatory and inhibitory populations},
  journal = {Phys.~{R}ev.~{E}},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {65},
  pages = {061911}
}
@article{Golomb01,
  author = {D. Golomb and G. B. Ermentrout},
  title = { Bistability in Pulse Propagation in Networks of Excitatory and Inhibitory
	Populations},
  journal = {Physical Review Letters},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {86},
  pages = {4179-4182}
}
@inbook{Golomb01b,
  pages = {887--968},
  title = {Mechanisms of synchrony of neural activity in large networks},
  publisher = {Elsevier Science},
  year = {2001},
  editor = {F. Moss and S. Gielen},
  author = {D. Golomb and D. Hansel and G. Mato},
  booktitle = {Handbook of Biological Physics. Volume 4: Neuro-Informatics and Neural
	Modeling}
}
@article{Golomb92,
  author = {D Golomb and D Hansel and B Shraiman and H Sompolinsky},
  title = {Clustering in globally coupled phase oscillators},
  journal = {Phys.~Rev. A},
  year = {1992},
  volume = {45},
  pages = {3516-3530}
}
@article{Golomb94,
  author = {D. Golomb and J. Rinzel},
  title = {Clustering in globally coupled inhibitory neurons},
  journal = {Physica D},
  year = {1994},
  volume = {72},
  pages = {259-282}
}
@inproceedings{Gomez:06ecml,
  author = {F. Gomez and J. Schmidhuber and R. Miikkulainen},
  title = {Efficient Non-Linear Control through Neuroevolution},
  booktitle = {ECML 2006: Proceedings of the 17th European Conference on Machine
	Learning},
  year = {2006},
  publisher = {Springer}
}
@article{Gool95,
  author = {L. Van Gool and T. Moons and E. Pauwels and A Oosterlinck},
  title = {Vision and Lie's approach to invariance},
  journal = {Image and Vision Computing},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {13},
  pages = {259--277},
  number = {4},
  keywords = {Lie groups, vision, Vision-model, invariance learning},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Gordon06,
  author = {Gordon, Urit and Polsky, Alon and Schiller, Jackie},
  title = {Plasticity Compartments in Basal Dendrites of Neocortical Pyramidal
	Neurons},
  journal = {J. Neurosci.},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {26},
  pages = {12717--12726},
  number = {49},
  month = dec,
  abstract = {Synaptic plasticity rules widely determine how cortical networks develop
	and store information. Using confocal imaging and dual site focal
	synaptic stimulation, we show that basal dendrites, which receive
	the majority of synapses innervating neocortical pyramidal neurons,
	contain two compartments with respect to plasticity rules. Synapses
	innervating the proximal basal tree are easily modified when paired
	with the global activity of the neuron. In contrast, synapses innervating
	the distal basal tree fail to change in response to global suprathreshold
	activity or local dendritic spikes. These synapses can undergo long-term
	potentiation under unusual conditions when local NMDA spikes, which
	evoke large calcium transients, are paired with a "gating molecule,"
	BDNF. Moreover, these synapses use a new temporal plasticity rule,
	which is an order of magnitude longer than spike timing dependent
	plasticity and prefers reversed presynaptic/postsynaptic activation
	order. The newly described plasticity compartmentalization of basal
	dendrites expands the networks plasticity rules and may support different
	learning and developmental functions.},
  comment = {10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3502-06.2006},
  keywords = {Plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  url = {http://www.jneurosci.org/cgi/content/abstract/26/49/12717}
}
@article{Gothard96,
  author = {K.M. Gothard and W.E. Skaggs and B.L. McNaughton},
  title = {{Dynamics of mismatch correction in the hippocampal ensemble code
	for space: Interaction between path integration and environmental
	cues}},
  journal = {Journal of Neuroscience},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {16},
  pages = {8027--8040}
}
@article{Gothard96b,
  author = {K. M. Gothard and W. E. Skaggs and B. L. McNaughton},
  title = {{Dynamics of mismatch correction in the hippocampal ensemble code
	for space: interaction between path integration and environmental
	cues}},
  journal = {Journal of Neuroscience},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {16},
  pages = {8027--8040},
  number = {24},
  month = dec,
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Gothard96a,
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  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
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}
@article{Gray89a,
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@book{Green96,
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  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
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	and pallidum},
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  pages = {364-370}
}
@book{Grossberg87,
  title = {The {A}daptive {B}rain {I}},
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}
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	neural networks},
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}
@article{Grossberg96,
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	and movement},
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}
@article{Grossberg92,
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	and hippocampal dynamics},
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  pages = {3-38}
}
@article{Grossberg85,
  author = {S. Grossberg and E. Mingolla},
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	segmentations},
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}
@article{Guazzelli01,
  author = {A. Guazzelli and B. Bota and M. A. Arbib},
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	Modeling the interaction of visual and path integration cues},
  journal = {Hippocampus},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {11},
  pages = {216--239},
  number = {3},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{Guckenheimer83,
  title = {Nonlinear oscillations, dynamical systems, and bifurcations of vector
	fields},
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@article{Gulledge03,
  author = {Gulledge, Allan T and Stuart, Greg J},
  title = {Action potential initiation and propagation in layer 5 pyramidal
	neurons of the rat prefrontal cortex: absence of dopamine modulation.},
  journal = {J Neurosci},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {23},
  pages = {11363--11372},
  number = {36},
  abstract = {Somatic and dendritic whole-cell recording was used to examine action
	potential (AP) initiation and propagation in layer 5 pyramidal neurons
	of the rat prelimbic prefrontal cortex. APs generated by somatic
	current injection, or via antidromic stimulation, were reliably recorded
	at apical dendritic locations as far as 480 microm from the soma.
	Although the backpropagation of single APs into the apical dendrite
	was robust, frequency-dependent attenuation was observed during AP
	trains delivered at 10-100 Hz. APs were usually initiated close to
	the soma (presumably in the axon); however, strong depolarizing input
	to the apical dendrite could generate dendritic spikes that preceded
	somatic APs. AP backpropagation was dependent solely on activation
	of dendritic voltage-gated sodium channels and did not require activation
	of dendritic calcium channels. Despite not playing a role in AP backpropagation,
	calcium-imaging experiments demonstrated that dendritic calcium channels
	are activated by backpropagating APs, leading to transient increases
	in intracellular calcium. In addition, calcium imaging revealed that
	AP backpropagation into the distal apical tuft was frequency dependent.
	Finally, we tested whether dopamine, a prominent neuromodulator associated
	with prefrontal activity, could alter AP initiation or backpropagation.
	Bath-applied dopamine (10 or 100 microm) did not effect AP backpropagation,
	frequency-dependent depression, local dendritic spike initiation,
	or AP-induced calcium signaling. These data indicate that AP backpropagation
	in prefrontal layer 5 pyramidal neurons is robust but frequency dependent
	in the distal tuft, requires dendritic sodium rather than calcium
	channel activation, and, unlike other aspects of neuronal excitability,
	insensitive to modulation by dopamine.},
  address = {Division of Neuroscience, John Curtin School of Medical Research,
	Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.},
  au = {Gulledge, AT and Stuart, GJ},
  da = {20031215},
  date-added = {2008-03-28 17:06:03 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-28 17:06:12 +0100},
  dcom = {20040116},
  edat = {2003/12/16 05:00},
  issn = {1529-2401 (Electronic)},
  jid = {8102140},
  jt = {The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society
	for Neuroscience},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20061115},
  mh = {*Action Potentials; Animals; Calcium/metabolism; Calcium Channels/physiology;
	Cells, Cultured; Dendrites/physiology; Dopamine/*pharmacology; Kinetics;
	Patch-Clamp Techniques; Prefrontal Cortex/cytology/*physiology; Pyramidal
	Cells/drug effects/metabolism/*physiology; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sodium
	Channels/physiology},
  mhda = {2004/01/17 05:00},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pii = {23/36/11363},
  pl = {United States},
  pmid = {14673000},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support,
	U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.},
  pubm = {Print},
  rn = {0 (Calcium Channels); 0 (Sodium Channels); 51-61-6 (Dopamine); 7440-70-2
	(Calcium)},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {J Neurosci. 2003 Dec 10;23(36):11363-72. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Gupta00,
  author = {A. Gupta and Y. Wang and H. Markram},
  title = {Organizing principles for a diversity of GABAergic interneurons and
	synapses in the neocortex},
  journal = {Science},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {287},
  pages = {273-278}
}
@article{Gustafsson87,
  author = {B. Gustafsson and H. Wigstrom and W. C. Abraham and Y.-Y. Huang},
  title = {Long-term potentiation in the hippocampus using depolarizing current
	pulses as the conditioning stimulus},
  journal = {J. Neurosci.},
  year = {1987},
  volume = {7},
  pages = {774-780}
}
@article{Gutenberg56,
  author = {B. Gutenberg and C. F. Richter},
  title = {xx},
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  year = {1956},
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  pages = {1}
}
@article{Gutfreund02,
  author = {Y. Gutfreund and W. Zheng and E.I. Knudsen},
  title = {Gated visual input to the central auditory system},
  journal = {Science},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {297},
  pages = {1556-1559}
}
@article{Gutig06,
  author = {Gutig, Robert and Sompolinsky, Haim},
  title = {The tempotron: a neuron that learns spike timing-based decisions},
  journal = {Nat Neurosci},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {9},
  pages = {420--428},
  number = {3},
  month = mar,
  comment = {10.1038/nn1643},
  issn = {1097-6256},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn1643}
}
@article{Gutkin98,
  author = {B. Gutkin and G. B. Ermentrout},
  title = {Dynamics of membrane excitability determine inter-spike interval
	variability: a link between spike generation mechansim and cortical
	spike train statistics},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {10},
  pages = {1047-1065}
}
@article{Gutkin05,
  author = {Boris S. Gutkin and G. Bard Ermentrout and Alex D. Reyes},
  title = {Phase-Response Curves Give the Responses of Neurons to Transient
	Inputs},
  journal = {J. Neurophysiology},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {94},
  pages = {1623-1635}
}
@book{Guyon93,
  title = {Advances in Pattern Recognition Systems using Neural Networks},
  publisher = {World Scientific},
  year = {1993},
  author = {I. Guyon and P. S. P. Wang},
  address = {Singapore}
}
@article{Guyonneau05,
  author = {Guyonneau, R. and VanRullen, R. and Thorpe, S.J.},
  title = {Neurons Tune to the Earliest Spikes Through STDP},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {17},
  pages = {859--879},
  number = {4},
  keywords = {plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Guetig03,
  author = {R. G{\"u}tig and R. Aharonov and S. Rotter and H. Sompolinsky},
  title = {Learning input correlations through non-linear temporally asymmetric
	Hebbian plasticity},
  journal = {J. Neuroscience},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {23},
  pages = {3697-3714}
}
@article{Gutig03,
  author = {R. G{\"u}tig and S. Aharonov and S. Rotter and H. Sompolinsky},
  title = {Learning Input Correlations through Nonlinear Temporally Asymmetric
	{Hebbian} Plasticity},
  journal = {Journal of Neuroscience},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {23},
  pages = {3697--3714},
  number = {9},
  keywords = {Plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Dedieu93,
  author = {H. Dedieu, M.P. Kennedy, M. Hasler},
  title = {Chaos shift keying: modulation and demodulation of a chaotic carrier
	using self-synchronizing Chua's circuits},
  journal = {IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst., Part II},
  year = {1993},
  volume = {40},
  pages = {636-642},
  annote = {Hasler - paper cited in grant proposal}
}
@article{Abarbanel96,
  author = {H.Abarbanel and M.Rabinovitch and A.Selverston and M.Bazhenov and
	R.Huerta and M.Sushchik and L.Rubinskii},
  title = {Synchronisation in neural networks},
  journal = {Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {166},
  pages = {363-390},
  note = {Russian Journal, but article in English},
  annote = {Hasler citation}
}
@article{Fujisaka83,
  author = {H.Fujisaka and T.Yamada},
  title = {Stability theory of synchronized motion in coupled oscillator systems},
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  year = {1983},
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  pages = {32}
}
@article{Huening98,
  author = {H\"uning and Gl\"under and G. Palm},
  title = {Synaptic delay learning in pulse-coupled neurons},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {10},
  pages = {555-565}
}
@article{Hafting05,
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  journal = {Nature},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {436},
  pages = {801--806},
  number = {7052},
  month = aug,
  dateother = {print},
  day = {11},
  issn = {0028-0836},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature03721}
}
@article{Hahnloser03,
  author = {R. H. Hahnloser},
  title = {Emergence of Neural Integration in the Head-Direction System by visual
	supervision},
  journal = {Neuroscience},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {120},
  pages = {877--891},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{Haken88,
  title = {Neural and Synergetic Computers},
  publisher = {Springer},
  year = {1988},
  author = {H. Haken},
  address = {Berlin}
}
@book{Haken83,
  title = {Synergetics, An Introduction},
  publisher = {Springer},
  year = {1983},
  author = {Hermann Haken},
  series = {Springer Series in Synergetics},
  keywords = {Various-Artists},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{Hale91,
  title = {Dynamics and Bifurcations},
  publisher = {Springer},
  year = {1991},
  author = {Jack K. Hale and H{"u}sgen Ko\c{c}ac},
  number = {3},
  series = {Text in Applied Mathematics},
  address = {Berlin},
  bibliothek = {A.12, 122},
  isbn = {ISBN 3-540-97141-6}
}
@book{Hall03,
  title = {Lie Groups, Lie Algebras, and Representations},
  publisher = {Springer},
  year = {2003},
  author = {Brian C. Hall},
  keywords = {Lie groups, Various-Artists},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Han07,
  author = {Han, X. and Boyden, E.S.},
  title = {{Multiple-color optical activation, silencing, and desynchronization
	of neural activity, with single-spike temporal resolution}},
  journal = {PLoS ONE},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {2},
  pages = {e299},
  number = {3},
  keywords = {various-artists},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Han93,
  author = {Yanan Han and H. Steven Colburn },
  title = {Point-neuron model for binaural interaction in {MSO}},
  journal = {Hear. Res.},
  year = {1993},
  volume = {68},
  pages = {115--130}
}
@article{Hanazawa01,
  author = {A. Hanazawa and H. Komatsu},
  title = {{Influence of the direction of elemental luminance gradients on the
	responses of V4 cells to textured surfaces}},
  journal = {Journal of Neuroscience},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {21},
  pages = {4490--4497},
  number = {12},
  month = jun,
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Hansel03,
  author = {D. Hansel and G. Mato},
  title = {Asynchronous states and the emergence of synchrony in large networks
	of interacting excitatory and inhibitory},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {15},
  pages = {1-56}
}
@article{Hansel01,
  author = {D. Hansel and G. Mato},
  title = {Existence and stability of persistent states in large neuronal networks},
  journal = {Phys. Rev. Letters},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {86},
  pages = {4175-4178}
}
@article{Hansel95,
  author = {D. Hansel and G. Mato and C. Meunier},
  title = {Synchrony in excitatory neural networks},
  journal = {Neural Comput.},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {7},
  pages = {307-337}
}
@article{Hansel92,
  author = {D. Hansel and H. Sompolinski},
  title = {Synchronization and computation in a chaotic neural network.},
  journal = {Phys. Rev. Lett.},
  year = {1992},
  volume = {68},
  pages = {718--721}
}
@article{Hansel96,
  author = {D. Hansel and H. Sompolinsky},
  title = {Chaos and synchrony in a model of a hypercolumn in visual cortex},
  journal = {J. Comput. Neurosci.},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {7-34}
}
@book{NIPS93,
  title = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems},
  publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann Publishers},
  year = {1993},
  author = {S. J. Hanson},
  volume = {5},
  address = {San Mateo}
}
@article{Hargreaves05,
  author = {E. Hargreaves and G. Rao and I. Lee and J. Knierim},
  title = {Major Dissociation Between Medial and Lateral Entorhinal Input to
	Dorsal Hippocampus},
  journal = {Science},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {308},
  pages = {1792--1794},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Harmeling03,
  author = {Harmeling, Stefan and Ziehe, Andreas and Kawanabe, Motoaki and M{\"u}ller,
	Klaus-Robert},
  title = {Kernel-Based Nonlinear Blind Source Separation},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {15},
  pages = {1089--1124},
  keywords = {ICA},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Harris08,
  author = {Harris, K.D.},
  title = {{Stability of the fittest: Organizing learning through retroaxonal
	signals}},
  journal = {Trends in Neurosciences},
  year = {2008},
  pages = {130--136},
  keywords = {plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Harris08a,
  author = {Harris, Kenneth D.},
  title = {Stability of the fittest: organizing learning through retroaxonal
	signals},
  journal = {Trends in Neurosciences},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {31},
  pages = {130--136},
  number = {3},
  month = mar,
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6T0V-4RS3TBR-1/2/6872c4361a0d59592c233546a6bad2e9}
}
@article{Hartley05,
  author = {T. Hartley and N. Burgess},
  title = {Complementary Memory systems: competition, cooperation and compensation},
  journal = {Trends n Neurosciences},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {28},
  pages = {169--170},
  number = {4},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Hartline40,
  author = {H. K. Hartline},
  title = {Rhe receptive fields of optic nerve fibers},
  journal = {Am. J. Physiol.},
  year = {1940},
  volume = {130},
  pages = {690-699}
}
@article{Hartmann95,
  author = {G. Hartmann and R. Wehner},
  title = {The ant's path integration system: a neural architecture},
  journal = {Biol. Cybern.},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {73},
  pages = {483-497}
}
@article{Harvey07,
  author = {Christopher D Harvey and Karel Svoboda},
  title = {Locally dynamic synaptic learning rules in pyramidal neuron dendrites.},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {450},
  pages = {1195--1200},
  number = {7173},
  month = {Dec},
  abstract = {Long-term potentiation (LTP) of synaptic transmission underlies aspects
	of learning and memory. LTP is input-specific at the level of individual
	synapses, but neural network models predict interactions between
	plasticity at nearby synapses. Here we show in mouse hippocampal
	pyramidal cells that LTP at individual synapses reduces the threshold
	for potentiation at neighbouring synapses. After input-specific LTP
	induction by two-photon glutamate uncaging or by synaptic stimulation,
	subthreshold stimuli, which by themselves were too weak to trigger
	LTP, caused robust LTP and spine enlargement at neighbouring spines.
	Furthermore, LTP induction broadened the presynaptic-postsynaptic
	spike interval for spike-timing-dependent LTP within a dendritic
	neighbourhood. The reduction in the threshold for LTP induction lasted
	approximately 10 min and spread over approximately 10 microm of dendrite.
	These local interactions between neighbouring synapses support clustered
	plasticity models of memory storage and could allow for the binding
	of behaviourally linked information on the same dendritic branch.},
  doi = {10.1038/nature06416},
  keywords = {Plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pii = {nature06416},
  pmid = {18097401},
  timestamp = {2008.04.23},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature06416}
}
@article{Hashimoto03,
  author = {W. Hashimoto},
  title = {Quadratic forms in natural images},
  journal = {Network: Computation in Neural Systems},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {765--788},
  number = {4},
  keywords = {Vision, Vision-Models},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Hasler95,
  author = {M. Hasler},
  title = {Engineering chaos for encryption and broadband communication},
  journal = {Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London - A},
  year = {95},
  volume = {353},
  pages = {115-126},
  annote = {Hasler - paper cited in grant proposal}
}
@article{Hasler97,
  author = {M. Hasler and Y. Maistrenko},
  title = {An introduction to the synchronization of chaotic systems : coupled
	skew tent maps},
  journal = {CAS Transactions, part I, special issue on Chaos, Synchronization,
	Control and Applications},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {44},
  pages = {856-866},
  annote = {Hasler - paper cited in grant proposal}
}
@article{Hausser03a,
  author = {Hausser, Michael and Mel, Bartlett},
  title = {Dendrites: bug or feature?},
  journal = {Curr Opin Neurobiol},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {13},
  pages = {372--383},
  number = {3},
  abstract = {The integrative properties of dendrites are determined by a complex
	mixture of factors, including their morphology, the spatio-temporal
	patterning of synaptic inputs, the balance of excitation and inhibition,
	and neuromodulatory influences, all of which interact with the many
	voltage-gated conductances present in the dendritic membrane. Recent
	efforts to grapple with this complexity have focused on identifying
	functional compartments in the dendritic tree, the number and size
	of which depend on the aspect of dendritic function being considered.
	We discuss how dendritic compartments and the interactions between
	them help to enhance the computational power of the neuron and define
	the rules for the induction of synaptic plasticity.},
  address = {Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research and Department of Physiology,
	University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK. m.hausser@ucl.ac.uk},
  au = {Hausser, M and Mel, B},
  da = {20030709},
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	with coupled integrate-and-fire networks},
  journal = {Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {92},
  pages = {6655}
}
@article{Hopp83,
  author = {S.L. Hopp and W. Timberlake},
  title = {Odor cue determinants of urine marking in male rats (Rattus norvegicus).},
  journal = {Behavioral Neural Biology},
  year = {1983},
  volume = {37},
  pages = {162--72},
  number = {1},
  keywords = {Various-Artists},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{Hoppensteadt97,
  title = {Weakly connected neural networks},
  publisher = {Springer},
  year = {1997},
  author = {Frank C. Hoppensteadt and Eugene M. Izhikevich}
}
@article{Hori05,
  author = {E. Hori and Y. Nishio and K. Kazui and K. Umeno and E. Tabuchi and
	K. Sasaki and S. Endo and T. Ono and H. Nishijo},
  title = {Place-related neural responses in the monkey hippocampal formation
	in a virtual space},
  journal = {Hippocampus},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {15},
  pages = {991--996},
  number = {8},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@incollection{Horn99,
  author = {D. Horn and N. Levu and I. Meilijison and E. Ruppin},
  title = {Distributed synchrony of spiking neurons in a Hebbian Cell assembly},
  booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing 12},
  publisher = {MIT-Press},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {12},
  pages = {to appear}
}
@inproceedings{Horn00,
  author = {Horn, D. and Levy, N. and Meilijson, I. and Ruppin, E.},
  title = {Distributed Synchrony of Spiking Neurons in a {H}ebbian Cell Assembly},
  booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 12},
  year = {2000},
  editor = {S. A. Solla and T. K. Leen and K.-R. M{\"u}ller},
  pages = {129--135},
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  keywords = {plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Horn98,
  author = {D. Horn and N. Levy and E. Ruppin},
  title = {Memory maintenance via neuronal regulation},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {10},
  pages = {1-18}
}
@article{Horn98a,
  author = {D. Horn and S, Levanda},
  title = {Fast temporal encoding and decoding with spiking neurons},
  journal = {Neural Comput.},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {10},
  pages = {1705-1720}
}
@article{Horn91b,
  author = {D. Horn and D. Sagi},
  title = {Parallel activation of memories in an oscillatory neural network.},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {1991},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {31-43}
}
@article{Horn91a,
  author = {D. Horn and D. Sagi and M. Usher},
  title = {Segmentation, binding, and illusory conjunctions.},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {1991},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {510--525}
}
@inproceedings{Horn92,
  author = {D. Horn and M. Usher},
  title = {Oscillatory model of short term memory.},
  booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems},
  year = {1992},
  editor = {J. E. Moody and S. J. Hanson and R. P. Lippmann},
  volume = {4},
  pages = {125--132},
  address = {San Mateo CA},
  publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann}
}
@article{Horn89,
  author = {D. Horn and M. Usher},
  title = {Neural networks with dynamical thresholds.},
  journal = {Phys. Rev. A},
  year = {1989},
  volume = {40},
  pages = {1036--1040}
}
@book{Horn85,
  title = {Matrix analysis},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  year = {1985},
  author = {R. A. Horn and C. R. Johnson},
  address = {Cambridge, UK}
}
@article{Horton05,
  author = {Horton, J.C. and Adams, D.L.},
  title = {{The cortical column: a structure without a function}},
  journal = {Philosophical Transactions: Biological Sciences},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {360},
  pages = {837--862},
  number = {1456},
  keywords = {various-artists,vision},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {The Royal Society},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Hosoya05,
  author = {Hosoya, Toshihiko and Baccus, Stephen A. and Meister, Markus},
  title = {Dynamic predictive coding by the retina},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {436},
  pages = {71--77},
  number = {7047},
  month = jul,
  comment = {10.1038/nature03689},
  issn = {0028-0836},
  keywords = {Optimal-Coding, vision, vision-physiology},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature03689}
}
@incollection{Houk95,
  author = {J. Houk and J. Adams and A. Barto},
  title = {A model of how the basal ganglia generate and use neural signals
	that predict reinforcement},
  booktitle = {Models on Information Processing in the Basal Ganglia},
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  year = {1995},
  editor = {J. C. Houk and J. L. Davis and D. G. Beiser},
  pages = {249-270},
  address = {Cambridge}
}
@article{Hubel68,
  author = {D. Hubel and T. Wiesel},
  title = {Receptive Fields and Functional Architecture of Monkey Striate Cortex},
  journal = {Journal of Physiology},
  year = {1968},
  volume = {195},
  pages = {215--243},
  keywords = {vision, Vision-Physiology},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Hubel65,
  author = {D. Hubel and T. Wiesel},
  title = {Binocular interaction in striate cortex of kittens reared with artificial
	squint},
  journal = {The Journal of Neurophysiology},
  year = {1965},
  volume = {28},
  pages = {1041-1059},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Hubel63,
  author = {Hubel, D.H. and Wiesel, T.N.},
  title = {RECEPTIVE FIELDS OF CELLS IN STRIATE CORTEX OF VERY YOUNG, VISUALLY
	INEXPERIENCED KITTENS},
  journal = {Journal of Neurophysiology},
  year = {1963},
  volume = {26},
  pages = {994--1002},
  number = {6},
  keywords = {Vision, Vision-Physiology},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {Am Physiological Soc},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Hubel62a,
  author = {Hubel, D.H. and Wiesel, T.N.},
  title = {{Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architecture
	in the cat's visual cortex}},
  journal = {Journal of Physiology},
  year = {1962},
  volume = {160},
  pages = {106--154},
  number = {1},
  keywords = {vision, Vision-Physiology},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {London},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Hubel62b,
  author = {D. Hubel and T. Wiesel},
  title = {Receptive fields, binocular interaction, and functional architecture
	in the cat's visual cortex},
  journal = {The Journal of Physiology (London)},
  year = {1962},
  volume = {160},
  pages = {106-154},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{Hubel88,
  title = {Eye, brain, and vision},
  publisher = {W. H. Freeman},
  year = {1988},
  author = {David H. Hubel},
  address = {New York}
}
@article{Hubel77,
  author = {D. H. Hubel and T. N. Wiesel},
  title = {Functional architecture of macaque monkey visual cortex},
  journal = {Proc.~R.~Soc.~B},
  year = {1977},
  volume = {198},
  pages = {1-59}
}
@article{Hubel62,
  author = {D. H. Hubel and T. N. Wiesel},
  title = {Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architecture
	in the cat's visual cortex.},
  journal = {J. Physiol. (London)},
  year = {1962},
  volume = {160},
  pages = {106-154}
}
@article{Hubel59,
  author = {D. H. Hubel and T. N. Wiesel},
  title = {Receptive fields of single neurons in the cat's striate cortex},
  journal = {J. Physiol.},
  year = {1959},
  volume = {148},
  pages = {574-591}
}
@incollection{Hughes77,
  author = {A. Hughes},
  title = {The Visual System in Vertebrates},
  booktitle = {The Handbook of Sensory Physiology},
  publisher = {Springer},
  year = {1977},
  editor = {F. Crescitelli},
  volume = {Vol VI1/5},
  pages = {615--756},
  address = {Berlin},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Hughes78,
  author = {A. Hughes},
  title = {{A schematic eye for the rat}},
  journal = {Vision Research},
  year = {1978},
  volume = {19},
  pages = {569--588},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{Humphreys94,
  title = {Introduction to Lie algebras and representation theory},
  publisher = {Springer},
  year = {1994},
  author = {James E. Humphreys},
  keywords = {Lie groups},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Humphries07,
  author = {Humphries, Mark D and Gurney, Kevin},
  title = {Solution methods for a new class of simple model neurons.},
  journal = {Neural Comput},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {19},
  pages = {3216--3225},
  number = {12},
  abstract = {Izhikevich (2003) proposed a new canonical neuron model of spike generation.
	The model was surprisingly simple yet able to accurately replicate
	the firing patterns of different types of cortical cell. Here, we
	derive a solution method that allows efficient simulation of the
	model.},
  address = {Adaptive Behaviour Research Group, Department of Psychology, University
	of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TP, UK. m.d.humphries@sheffield.ac.uk},
  au = {Humphries, MD and Gurney, K},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco.2007.19.12.3216},
  da = {20071031},
  date-added = {2008-03-29 19:37:47 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-29 19:37:52 +0100},
  dcom = {20071221},
  doi = {10.1162/neco.2007.19.12.3216},
  edat = {2007/11/01 09:00},
  issn = {0899-7667 (Print)},
  jid = {9426182},
  jt = {Neural computation},
  language = {eng},
  mh = {Action Potentials/*physiology; Algorithms; Animals; Cell Membrane/physiology;
	Cerebral Cortex/*physiology; Humans; Models, Neurological; Nerve
	Net/physiology; Neural Networks (Computer); Neural Pathways/*physiology;
	Neurons/*physiology; Synaptic Transmission/physiology},
  mhda = {2007/12/22 09:00},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pl = {United States},
  pmid = {17970650},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't},
  pubm = {Print},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {Neural Comput. 2007 Dec;19(12):3216-25. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Hung05,
  author = {C.P. Hung and G. Kreiman and T. Poggio and J.J. {DiCarlo}},
  title = {Fast Readout of Object Identity from Macaque Inferior Temporal Cortex},
  journal = {Science},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {310},
  pages = {863 - 866}
}
@book{Hutter04,
  title = {Universal Artificial Intelligence: Sequential Decisions based on
	Algorithmic Probability},
  publisher = {Springer},
  year = {2004},
  author = {M. Hutter},
  address = {Berlin},
  note = {(On J. Schmidhuber's SNF grant 20-61847)}
}
@article{Huys06,
  author = {Huys, Quentin J M and Ahrens, Misha B and Paninski, Liam},
  title = {Efficient estimation of detailed single-neuron models.},
  journal = {J Neurophysiol},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {96},
  pages = {872--890},
  number = {2},
  abstract = {Biophysically accurate multicompartmental models of individual neurons
	have significantly advanced our understanding of the input-output
	function of single cells. These models depend on a large number of
	parameters that are difficult to estimate. In practice, they are
	often hand-tuned to match measured physiological behaviors, thus
	raising questions of identifiability and interpretability. We propose
	a statistical approach to the automatic estimation of various biologically
	relevant parameters, including 1) the distribution of channel densities,
	2) the spatiotemporal pattern of synaptic input, and 3) axial resistances
	across extended dendrites. Recent experimental advances, notably
	in voltage-sensitive imaging, motivate us to assume access to: i)
	the spatiotemporal voltage signal in the dendrite and ii) an approximate
	description of the channel kinetics of interest. We show here that,
	given i and ii, parameters 1-3 can be inferred simultaneously by
	nonnegative linear regression; that this optimization problem possesses
	a unique solution and is guaranteed to converge despite the large
	number of parameters and their complex nonlinear interaction; and
	that standard optimization algorithms efficiently reach this optimum
	with modest computational and data requirements. We demonstrate that
	the method leads to accurate estimations on a wide variety of challenging
	model data sets that include up to about 10(4) parameters (roughly
	two orders of magnitude more than previously feasible) and describe
	how the method gives insights into the functional interaction of
	groups of channels.},
  address = {Gatsby Computational Neuroscience Unit, University College London,
	UK. qhuys.ahrens@gatsby.ucl.ac.uk},
  au = {Huys, QJ and Ahrens, MB and Paninski, L},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00079.2006},
  da = {20060712},
  date-added = {2008-03-30 22:16:28 +0200},
  date-modified = {2008-03-30 22:19:13 +0200},
  dcom = {20061108},
  dep = {20060419},
  doi = {10.1152/jn.00079.2006},
  edat = {2006/04/21 09:00},
  issn = {0022-3077 (Print)},
  jid = {0375404},
  jt = {Journal of neurophysiology},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20061115},
  mh = {Algorithms; Biophysics; Cell Membrane/physiology; Data Interpretation,
	Statistical; Dendrites/physiology; Electrophysiology; Ion Channel
	Gating/physiology; Ion Channels; Kinetics; Ligands; Likelihood Functions;
	*Models, Neurological; Monte Carlo Method; Neurons/*physiology; Patch-Clamp
	Techniques; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/physiology; Synapses/physiology},
  mhda = {2006/11/10 09:00},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  phst = {2006/04/19 {$[$}aheadofprint{$]$}; 2006/04/26 {$[$}aheadofprint{$]$}},
  pii = {00079.2006},
  pl = {United States},
  pmid = {16624998},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't},
  pubm = {Print-Electronic},
  rn = {0 (Ion Channels); 0 (Ligands); 0 (Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate)},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {J Neurophysiol. 2006 Aug;96(2):872-90. Epub 2006 Apr 19. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{Hyvarinen01,
  title = {Independent Component Analysis},
  publisher = {Wiley},
  year = {2001},
  author = {A. Hyv\protect{\"a}rinen and J. Karhunen and E. Oja },
  citeulike-article-id = {2377255},
  keywords = {nn},
  priority = {2}
}
@article{Hyvarinen00,
  author = {A. Hyv\protect{\"a}rinen and E. Oja},
  title = {Independent Component Analysis: algorithms and applications},
  journal = {Neural Networks},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {13},
  pages = {411--430},
  number = {4--5}
}
@article{Hyvarinen99a,
  author = {A. Hyv{\"a}rinen},
  title = {Fast and robust fixed-point algorithms for independent component
	analysis},
  journal = {IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {10},
  pages = {626--634},
  keywords = {ICA},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Hyvarinen99b,
  author = {Aapo Hyv{\"a}rinen},
  title = {Survey on Independent Component Analysis},
  journal = {Neural Computing Surveys},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {2},
  pages = {94-128},
  keywords = {ICA},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{Hyvarinen01a,
  title = {{Independent Component Analysis}},
  publisher = {Wiley, New York},
  year = {2001},
  author = {Hyv{\"a}rinen, A. and Karhunen, J. and Oja, E.},
  keywords = {ICA},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Hyvarinen99,
  author = {Hyv{\"a}rinen, A. and Pajunen, P.},
  title = {Nonlinear independent component analysis: Existence and uniqueness
	results},
  journal = {Neural Networks},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {12},
  pages = {429--439},
  number = {3},
  keywords = {ICA, optimal-coding},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@inproceedings{Haefliger97,
  author = {Philipp H{\"a}fliger and Misha Mahowald and Lloyd Watts},
  title = {A Spike Based Learning Neuron in Analog VLSI},
  booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems},
  year = {1997},
  editor = {Michael C. Mozer and Michael I. Jordan and Thomas Petsche},
  volume = {9},
  pages = {692-698},
  publisher = {The {MIT} Press}
}
@article{Hausser01,
  author = {Michael H{\"a}usser and Guy Major and Greg J. Stuart},
  title = {Differential Shunting of EPSPs by Action Potentials},
  journal = {Science},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {291},
  pages = {138--141},
  keywords = {Neuronal-Processing},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Hausser03,
  author = {Michael H{\"a}usser and Bartlett Mel},
  title = {Dendrites: Bug or Feature?},
  journal = {Current Opinion in Neurobiology},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {13},
  pages = {372--282},
  keywords = {Neuronal-Processing},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Holscher05,
  author = {C. H{\"o}lscher and A. Schnee and H. Dahmen and L. Setia and H.A.
	Mallot},
  title = {Rats are able to navigate in virtual environments},
  journal = {Journal of Experimental Biology},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {208},
  pages = {561--569},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Ibata08,
  author = {Keiji Ibata and Qian Sun and Gina G Turrigiano},
  title = {Rapid synaptic scaling induced by changes in postsynaptic firing.},
  journal = {Neuron},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {57},
  pages = {819--826},
  number = {6},
  month = {Mar},
  abstract = {Homeostatic synaptic scaling adjusts a neuron's excitatory synaptic
	strengths up or down to compensate for perturbations in activity.
	Little is known about the molecular pathway(s) involved, nor is it
	clear which aspect of "activity"-local synaptic signaling, postsynaptic
	firing, or large-scale changes in network activity-is required to
	induce synaptic scaling. Here, we selectively block either postsynaptic
	firing in individual neurons or a fraction of presynaptic inputs,
	while optically monitoring changes in synaptic strength. We find
	that synaptic scaling is rapidly induced by block of postsynaptic
	firing, but not by local synaptic blockade, and is mediated through
	a drop in somatic calcium influx, reduced activation of CaMKIV, and
	an increase in transcription. Cortical neurons thus homeostatically
	adjust synaptic strengths in response to changes in their own firing
	rate, a mechanism with the computational advantage of efficiently
	normalizing synaptic strengths without interfering with synapse-specific
	mechanisms of information storage.},
  doi = {10.1016/j.neuron.2008.02.031},
  keywords = {plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pii = {S0896-6273(08)00213-4},
  pmid = {18367083},
  timestamp = {2008.04.15},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2008.02.031}
}
@article{Idiart93,
  author = {M. A. P. Idiart and L. F. Abbott},
  title = {Propagation of excitation in neural network models},
  journal = {Network},
  year = {1993},
  volume = {4},
  pages = {285-294}
}
@article{Ikegaya04,
  author = {Y. Ikegaya and G. Aaron and D. Aranov and I. Lampl and D. Ferster
	and R. Yuste},
  title = { Synfire chains and cortical songs: Temporal modules of cortical
	activity },
  journal = {Science},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {304},
  pages = {559-564}
}
@article{Intrator92,
  author = {N. Intrator and L.N. Cooper},
  title = {Objective function formulation of the bcm theory of visual cortical
	plasticity - statistical connections, stability conditions},
  journal = {Neural Networks},
  year = {1992},
  volume = {5},
  pages = {3-17}
}
@article{Isaac95,
  author = {J. T.R. Isaac and R. A. Nicoll and R. C. Malenka},
  title = {Evidence for silent synapses: Implications for the expression of
	LTP},
  journal = {Neuron},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {15},
  pages = {427-434}
}
@article{Ito95,
  author = {Ito, M. and Tamura, H. and Fujita, I. and Tanaka, K.},
  title = {Size and position invariance of neuronal responses in monkey inferotemporal
	cortex},
  journal = {Journal of Neurophysiology},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {73},
  pages = {218-226},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Izhikevich07,
  author = {E.M. Izhikevich},
  title = {Solving the Distal Reward Problem through Linkage of STDP and Dopamine
	Signaling},
  journal = {Cerebral Cortex},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {17},
  pages = {2443-2452}
}
@article{Izhikevich07a,
  author = {Izhikevich, E.M.},
  title = {{Solving the Distal Reward Problem through Linkage of STDP and Dopamine
	Signaling}},
  journal = {Cerebral Cortex},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {17},
  pages = {2443--2452},
  number = {10},
  keywords = {plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {Oxford Univ Press},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Izhikevich05,
  author = {Izhikevich, E.M.},
  title = {{Polychronization: Computation with Spikes}},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {18},
  pages = {245--282},
  number = {2},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Izhikevich04,
  author = {E.M. Izhikevich},
  title = {Which Model to Use for Cortical Spiking Neurons?},
  journal = {IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {15},
  pages = {1063-1070}
}
@article{Izhikevich03,
  author = {E.M. Izhikevich},
  title = {Simple model of spiking neurons},
  journal = {IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {1569-1572}
}
@article{Izhikevich-add01,
  author = {E.M. Izhikevich},
  title = {Synchronization of elliptic bursters},
  journal = {SIAM Review},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {43},
  pages = {315-344}
}
@article{Izhikevich01,
  author = {E.M. Izhikevich},
  title = {Resonate-and-fire neurons},
  journal = {Neural Networks},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {883-894}
}
@article{Izhikevich00,
  author = {E. Izhikevich},
  title = {Neural excitability, spiking, and bursting},
  journal = {Int. J. of Bif. and Chaos},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {10},
  pages = {1171-1266}
}
@article{Izhikevich99,
  author = {E. Izhikevich},
  title = {Class 1 neural excitability, conventional synapses, weakly connected
	networks, and mathematical foundations of pulse-coupled models},
  journal = {IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {10},
  pages = {499-507}
}
@article{Izhikevich03a,
  author = {E.M. Izhikevich and N.S. Desai},
  title = {Relating STDP to BCM},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {15},
  pages = {1511-1523}
}
@book{Izhikevich07b,
  title = {Dynamical systems in neuroscience : the geometry of excitability
	and bursting },
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  year = {2007},
  author = {Izhikevich, Eugene M},
  address = {Cambridge, Mass. },
  call-number = {QP355.2},
  date-added = {2007-12-12 22:03:04 +0100},
  date-modified = {2007-12-12 22:03:07 +0100},
  dewey-call-number = {612.8},
  genre = {Neurology},
  isbn = {0262090430 (alk. paper)},
  library-id = {2006040349},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Izhikevich03b,
  author = {Izhikevich, E M},
  title = {Simple model of spiking neurons.},
  journal = {IEEE Trans Neural Netw},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {1569--1572},
  number = {6},
  abstract = {A model is presented that reproduces spiking and bursting behavior
	of known types of cortical neurons. The model combines the biologically
	plausibility of Hodgkin-Huxley-type dynamics and the computational
	efficiency of integrate-and-fire neurons. Using this model, one can
	simulate tens of thousands of spiking cortical neurons in real time
	(1 ms resolution) using a desktop PC.},
  address = {The Neurosciences Inst., San Diego, CA, USA.},
  au = {Izhikevich, EM},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TNN.2003.820440},
  da = {20080204},
  date-added = {2008-03-14 12:54:20 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-14 12:54:30 +0100},
  doi = {10.1109/TNN.2003.820440},
  edat = {2008/02/05 09:00},
  issn = {1045-9227 (Print)},
  jid = {101211035},
  jt = {IEEE transactions on neural networks / a publication of the IEEE Neural
	Networks Council},
  language = {eng},
  mhda = {2008/02/05 09:00},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pl = {United States},
  pmid = {18244602},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article},
  pubm = {Print},
  so = {IEEE Trans Neural Netw. 2003;14(6):1569-72. },
  stat = {In-Data-Review},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Izhikevich08,
  author = {Izhikevich, Eugene M. and Edelman, Gerald M.},
  title = {{Large-scale model of mammalian thalamocortical systems}},
  journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
  year = {2008},
  pages = {0712231105},
  abstract = {The understanding of the structural and dynamic complexity of mammalian
	brains is greatly facilitated by computer simulations. We present
	here a detailed large-scale thalamocortical model based on experimental
	measures in several mammalian species. The model spans three anatomical
	scales. (i) It is based on global (white-matter) thalamocortical
	anatomy obtained by means of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of a
	human brain. (ii) It includes multiple thalamic nuclei and six-layered
	cortical microcircuitry based on in vitro labeling and three-dimensional
	reconstruction of single neurons of cat visual cortex. (iii) It has
	22 basic types of neurons with appropriate laminar distribution of
	their branching dendritic trees. The model simulates one million
	multicompartmental spiking neurons calibrated to reproduce known
	types of responses recorded in vitro in rats. It has almost half
	a billion synapses with appropriate receptor kinetics, short-term
	plasticity, and long-term dendriticspike-timing-dependent synaptic
	plasticity (dendritic STDP). The model exhibits behavioral regimes
	of normal brain activity that were not explicitly built-in but emerged
	spontaneously as the result of interactions among anatomical and
	dynamic processes. We describe spontaneous activity, sensitivity
	to changes in individual neurons, emergence of waves and rhythms,
	and functional connectivity on different scales.},
  doi = {10.1073/pnas.0712231105},
  eprint = {http://www.pnas.org/cgi/reprint/0712231105v1.pdf},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  url = {http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/abstract/0712231105v1}
}
@article{Okeefe93,
  author = {J.{O'K}eefe and M. Recce},
  title = {Phase relationship between hippocampal place units and the hippocampal
	theta rhythm},
  journal = {Hippocampus},
  year = {1993},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {317-330}
}
@article{Jaakkola94,
  author = {Jaakkola, T. and Jordan, M. I. and Singh, S. P.},
  title = {On the Convergence of Stochastic Iterative Dynamic Programming Algorithms},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {1994},
  volume = {6},
  pages = {1185--1201},
  number = {6},
  month = {November},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{Jack75,
  title = {Electric current flow in excitable cells.},
  publisher = {Clarendon Press},
  year = {1975},
  author = {J. J. B. Jack and D. Noble and R. W. Tsien},
  address = {Oxford}
}
@book{Jackson62,
  title = {Classical Electrodynamics},
  publisher = {Wiley},
  year = {1962},
  author = {J.D. Jackson}
}
@article{JACOBS01,
  author = {G. H. JACOBS and J. A. FENWICK and G. A. WILLIAMS},
  title = {{CONE}-{BASED} {VISION} {OF} {RATS} {FOR} {ULTRAVIOLET} {AND} {VISIBLE}
	{LIGHTS}},
  journal = {Journal of Experimental Biology},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {204},
  pages = {2439--2446},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Jaeger04,
  author = {H. Jaeger and H. Haas},
  title = {Harnessing Nonlinearity: Predicting Chaotic Systems and Saving Energy
	in Wireless Communication},
  journal = {Science},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {304},
  pages = {78--80}
}
@book{James90,
  title = {Psychology (Briefer Course), ch. 16},
  publisher = {Holt},
  year = {1890},
  author = {William James},
  address = {New York},
  annote = {reprinted in Anderson and Rosenfeld}
}
@article{Jazayeri06,
  author = {M. Jazayeri and J. A. Movshon},
  title = {Optimal representation of sensory information by neural populations},
  journal = {Nature Neuroscience},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {9},
  pages = {690-696},
  number = {5},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Jeffery07,
  author = {Kathryn J Jeffery},
  title = {Self-localization and the entorhinal-hippocampal system.},
  journal = {Curr Opin Neurobiol},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {17},
  pages = {684--691},
  number = {6},
  month = {Dec},
  abstract = {Self-localization requires that information from several sensory modalities
	and knowledge domains be integrated in order to identify an environment
	and determine current location and heading. This integration occurs
	by the convergence of highly processed sensory information onto neural
	systems in entorhinal cortex and hippocampus. Entorhinal neurons
	combine angular and linear self-motion information to generate an
	oriented metric signal that is then 'attached' to each environment
	using information about landmarks and context. Neurons in hippocampus
	use this signal to determine the animal's unique position within
	a particular environment. Elucidating this process illuminates not
	only spatial processing but also, more generally, how the brain builds
	knowledge representations from inputs carrying heterogeneous sensory
	and semantic content.},
  doi = {10.1016/j.conb.2007.11.008},
  keywords = {hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pii = {S0959-4388(07)00126-2},
  pmid = {18249109},
  timestamp = {2008.04.17},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2007.11.008}
}
@article{Jeffery99,
  author = {K. J. Jeffery and J. M. O'Keefe},
  title = {Learned interaction of visual and idiothetic cues in the control
	of place field orientation},
  journal = {Experimental Brain Research},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {127},
  pages = {151--161},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Jeffress48,
  author = {L. A. Jeffress},
  title = {A place theory of sound localisation},
  journal = {J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol.},
  year = {1948},
  volume = {41},
  pages = {35-39},
  annote = {noch nicht gelesen, zitiert nach Carr+Konsihi 1990}
}
@article{Jensen96c,
  author = {O. Jensen and J.E. Lisman},
  title = {Hippocampal {\protect CA3} region predicts memory sequences: accounting
	for the phase precession of place cells},
  journal = {Learning and Memory},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {279-287}
}
@article{Jodogne07,
  author = {S. R. Jodogne and J. H. Piater},
  title = {Closed-Loop Learning of Visual Control Policies},
  journal = {J. Artificial Intelligence Research},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {28},
  pages = {349-391}
}
@article{Joel02,
  author = {Joel, D. and Niv, Y. and Ruppin, E.},
  title = {{Actor--critic models of the basal ganglia: new anatomical and computational
	perspectives}},
  journal = {Neural Networks},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {15},
  pages = {535--547},
  number = {4-6},
  publisher = {Elsevier}
}
@inproceedings{Johannesma68,
  author = {P.I.M. Johannesma},
  title = {Diffusion models of the stochastic acticity of neurons},
  booktitle = {Neural Networks},
  year = {1968},
  pages = {116-144},
  address = {Berlin},
  publisher = {Springer},
  comment = {A well written introduction to stochastic IF models, with a detailed
	derivation of the diffusion approximation from Stein's model. Gives
	hierarchy of equations for the moments of the ISI distribution, including
	the MFPT also for reflecting boundary, shows that gamma dist.\ is
	first order approx.\ to ISID.},
  topic = {Stochastic models, Stein, diffusion model, integrate-and-fire, first
	passage time, ISI}
}
@inproceedings{Johannesma86,
  author = {P. Johannesma and A. Aertsen and H. van den Boogaad and J. Eggermont
	and W. Epping},
  title = {From synchrony to harmony: Ideas on the function of neural assemblies
	and the interpretation of neural synchrony.},
  booktitle = {Brain Theory},
  year = {1986},
  editor = {G. Palm and A. Aertsen},
  pages = {25-47},
  address = {Berlin Heidelberg New York},
  publisher = {Springer--Verlag}
}
@article{Johansson04,
  author = {R.S. Johansson and I. Birznieks},
  title = {First spikes in ensembles of human tactile afferents code complex
	spatial fingertip events},
  journal = {Nature Neuroscience},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {7},
  pages = {170-177}
}
@article{Johnson05,
  author = {A Johnson and AD Redish},
  title = {Hippocampal replay contributes to within session learning in a temporal
	difference reinforcement learning model},
  journal = {Neural Networks},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {18},
  pages = {1163--1171},
  number = {9}
}
@book{Joliffe86,
  title = {Principal Component Analysis},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag,},
  year = {1986},
  author = {L.T. Joliffe},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Jolivet04c,
  author = {Jolivet, Renaud and Gerstner, Wulfram},
  title = {Predicting spike times of a detailed conductance-based neuron model
	driven by stochastic spike arrival.},
  journal = {J Physiol Paris},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {98},
  pages = {442--451},
  number = {4-6},
  abstract = {Reduced models of neuronal activity such as integrate-and-fire models
	allow a description of neuronal dynamics in simple, intuitive terms
	and are easy to simulate numerically. We present a method to fit
	an integrate-and-fire-type model of neuronal activity, namely a modified
	version of the spike response model, to a detailed Hodgkin-Huxley-type
	neuron model driven by stochastic spike arrival. In the Hogkin-Huxley
	model, spike arrival at the synapse is modeled by a change of synaptic
	conductance. For such conductance spike input, more than 70% of the
	postsynaptic action potentials can be predicted with the correct
	timing by the integrate-and-fire-type model. The modified spike response
	model is based upon a linearized theory of conductance-driven integrate-and-fire
	neurons.},
  address = {School of Computer and Communication Sciences and Brain-Mind Institute,
	Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland. renaud.jolivet@epfl.ch},
  au = {Jolivet, R and Gerstner, W},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jphysparis.2005.09.010},
  da = {20051205},
  date-added = {2008-03-28 12:02:03 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-28 12:02:25 +0100},
  dcom = {20060217},
  dep = {20051107},
  doi = {10.1016/j.jphysparis.2005.09.010},
  edat = {2005/11/09 09:00},
  issn = {0928-4257 (Print)},
  jid = {9309351},
  jt = {Journal of physiology, Paris},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20061115},
  mh = {Action Potentials/*physiology; Animals; Computer Simulation; Excitatory
	Postsynaptic Potentials/physiology; Humans; Mathematics; Membrane
	Potentials/physiology; *Models, Neurological; *Neural Networks (Computer);
	Neurons/*physiology; Stochastic Processes; Synapses/physiology; Time
	Factors},
  mhda = {2006/02/18 09:00},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  phst = {2005/11/07 {$[$}aheadofprint{$]$}},
  pii = {S0928-4257(05)00031-8},
  pl = {France},
  pmid = {16274972},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't},
  pubm = {Print-Electronic},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {J Physiol Paris. 2004 Jul-Nov;98(4-6):442-51. Epub 2005 Nov 7. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Jolivet05a,
  author = {R. Jolivet and W. Gerstner},
  title = {Predicting spike times of a detailed conductance- based neuron model
	driven by stochastic spike arrival},
  journal = {J. Physiol. Paris},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {98},
  pages = {442-451}
}
@article{Jolivet07,
  author = {Jolivet, R and Kobayashi, R and Rauch, A and Naud, R and Shinomoto,
	S and Gerstner, W},
  title = {A benchmark test for a quantitative assessment of simple neuron models.},
  journal = {J Neurosci Methods},
  year = {2007},
  abstract = {Several methods and algorithms have recently been proposed that allow
	for the systematic evaluation of simple neuron models from intracellular
	or extracellular recordings. Models built in this way generate good
	quantitative predictions of the future activity of neurons under
	temporally structured current injection. It is, however, difficult
	to compare the advantages of various models and algorithms since
	each model is designed for a different set of data. Here, we report
	about one of the first attempts to establish a benchmark test that
	permits a systematic comparison of methods and performances in predicting
	the activity of rat cortical pyramidal neurons. We present early
	submissions to the benchmark test and discuss implications for the
	design of future tests and simple neurons models.},
  address = {Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, University of Lausanne, 1015
	Lausanne, Switzerland.},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jneumeth.2007.11.006},
  da = {20071227},
  date-added = {2008-03-24 18:48:05 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-24 18:48:08 +0100},
  dep = {20071119},
  doi = {10.1016/j.jneumeth.2007.11.006},
  edat = {2007/12/28 09:00},
  issn = {0165-0270 (Print)},
  jid = {7905558},
  language = {ENG},
  mhda = {2007/12/28 09:00},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  phst = {2007/09/08 {$[$}received{$]$}; 2007/11/01 {$[$}revised{$]$}; 2007/11/10
	{$[$}accepted{$]$}},
  pii = {S0165-0270(07)00553-5},
  pmid = {18160135},
  pst = {aheadofprint},
  pt = {JOURNAL ARTICLE},
  pubm = {Print-Electronic},
  so = {J Neurosci Methods. 2007 Nov 19;. },
  stat = {Publisher},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@inproceedings{Jolivet03,
  author = {R. Jolivet and T.J. Lewis and W. Gerstner},
  title = {The Spike Response Model: A Framework to Predict Neuronal Spike Trains},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Joint International Conference ICANN/ICONIP 2003},
  year = {2003},
  editor = {O. Kaynak and E. Alpaydin and E. Oja and L. Xu},
  pages = {846-853},
  address = {Heidelberg},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag}
}
@article{Jolivet04,
  author = {R. Jolivet and T.J. Lewis and W. Gerstner},
  title = {Generalized integrate-and-fire models of neuronal activity approximate
	spike trains of a detailed model to a high degree of accuracy},
  journal = {J. Neurophysiol.},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {92},
  pages = {959-976}
}
@article{Jolivet04a,
  author = {Jolivet, R. and Lewis, T.J. and Gerstner, W.},
  title = {{Generalized Integrate-and-Fire Models of Neuronal Activity Approximate
	Spike Trains of a Detailed Model to a High Degree of Accuracy}},
  journal = {Journal of Neurophysiology},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {92},
  pages = {959--976},
  number = {2},
  keywords = {neuronal-processing},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {Am Physiological Soc},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@inproceedings{Jolivet06a,
  author = {R. Jolivet and A. Rauch and H.-R. L\protect{\"u}scher and W. Gerstner},
  title = {Integrate-and-Fire models with adaptation are good enough },
  booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 18},
  year = {2006},
  editor = {Y. Weiss and B. Schölkopf and J. Platt},
  pages = {595-602},
  publisher = {MIT Press Cambridge}
}
@article{Jolivet06,
  author = {R. Jolivet and A. Rauch and H.-R. L\protect{\"u}scher and W. Gerstner},
  title = {Predicting spike timing of neocortical pyramidal neurons by simple
	threshold models},
  journal = {J. Computational Neuroscience},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {21},
  pages = {35-49 }
}
@article{Jolivet06b,
  author = {Jolivet, Renaud and Rauch, Alexander and Luscher, Hans-Rudolf and
	Gerstner, Wulfram},
  title = {Predicting spike timing of neocortical pyramidal neurons by simple
	threshold models.},
  journal = {J Comput Neurosci},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {21},
  pages = {35--49},
  number = {1},
  abstract = {Neurons generate spikes reliably with millisecond precision if driven
	by a fluctuating current--is it then possible to predict the spike
	timing knowing the input? We determined parameters of an adapting
	threshold model using data recorded in vitro from 24 layer 5 pyramidal
	neurons from rat somatosensory cortex, stimulated intracellularly
	by a fluctuating current simulating synaptic bombardment in vivo.
	The model generates output spikes whenever the membrane voltage (a
	filtered version of the input current) reaches a dynamic threshold.
	We find that for input currents with large fluctuation amplitude,
	up to 75% of the spike times can be predicted with a precision of
	+/-2 ms. Some of the intrinsic neuronal unreliability can be accounted
	for by a noisy threshold mechanism. Our results suggest that, under
	random current injection into the soma, (i) neuronal behavior in
	the subthreshold regime can be well approximated by a simple linear
	filter; and (ii) most of the nonlinearities are captured by a simple
	threshold process.},
  address = {Ecol Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), School of Computer
	and Communication Sciences and Brain Mind Institute, Station 15,
	CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland. renuad.jolivet@epfl.ch},
  au = {Jolivet, R and Rauch, A and Luscher, HR and Gerstner, W},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10827-006-7074-5},
  da = {20060712},
  date-added = {2007-12-05 18:22:01 +0100},
  date-modified = {2007-12-05 18:22:08 +0100},
  dcom = {20060919},
  dep = {20060422},
  doi = {10.1007/s10827-006-7074-5},
  edat = {2006/04/25 09:00},
  issn = {0929-5313 (Print)},
  jid = {9439510},
  jt = {Journal of computational neuroscience},
  keywords = {Action Potentials/*physiology; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Differential
	Threshold/*physiology; Female; Male; *Models, Neurological; Neural
	Inhibition; Nonlinear Dynamics; Predictive Value of Tests; Probability;
	Pyramidal Cells/*physiology; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reaction Time/*physiology;
	Reproducibility of Results; Somatosensory Cortex/*cytology; Time
	Factors},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20061115},
  mhda = {2006/09/20 09:00},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  phst = {2005/09/26 {$[$}received{$]$}; 2006/01/11 {$[$}accepted{$]$}; 2005/12/21
	{$[$}revised{$]$}; 2006/04/22 {$[$}aheadofprint{$]$}},
  pl = {United States},
  pmid = {16633938},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Comparative Study; In Vitro; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S.
	Gov't},
  pubm = {Print-Electronic},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {J Comput Neurosci. 2006 Aug;21(1):35-49. Epub 2006 Apr 22. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Jones97,
  author = {K.E. Jones and P. Bawa},
  title = {Computer simulation of the response of human motoneurons to composite
	{\protect 1A EPFSP}: effects of background firing rate},
  journal = {J. Neurophysiol.},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {77},
  pages = {405-420}
}
@article{Joseph93,
  author = {Aaron W. Joseph and Richard L. Hyson},
  title = {Coincidence Detection by Binaural Neurons in the Chick Brain Stem},
  journal = {J. Neurophysiol.},
  year = {1993},
  volume = {69},
  pages = {1197--1211},
  number = {4}
}
@book{Judd90,
  title = {Neural Network Design and the Complexity of Learning},
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  year = {1990},
  author = {J. C. Judd},
  address = {Cambridge}
}
@article{Jung94,
  author = {MW Jung and SI Wiener and BL McNaughton},
  title = {Comparison of spatial firing characteristics of units in dorsal and
	ventral hippocampus of the rat},
  journal = {Journal of Neuroscience},
  year = {1994},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {7347--7356},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Jung93a,
  author = {M. W. Jung and B. L. McNaughton},
  title = {{Spatial selectivity of unit activity in the hippocampal granular
	layer}},
  journal = {Hippocampus},
  year = {1993},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {165--182},
  number = {2},
  month = apr,
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Jung95,
  author = {P. Jung},
  title = {Stochastic resonance and optimal design of threshold detectors},
  journal = {Physics Letters A},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {207},
  pages = {93--104}
}
@article{Jung93,
  author = {P.~Jung},
  title = {Periodically driven stochastic systems},
  journal = {Physics Reports},
  year = {1993},
  volume = {234},
  pages = {175--295}
}
@article{Jutten03,
  author = {Jutten, C. and Karhunen, J.},
  title = {{Advances in nonlinear blind source separation}},
  journal = {Proc. of the 4th Int. Symp. on Independent Component Analysis and
	Blind Signal Separation (ICA2003)},
  year = {2003},
  pages = {245--256},
  keywords = {ICA},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Koenig96,
  author = {P. K\protect{\"o}nig and A. K. Engel and W. Singer},
  title = {Integrator or coincidence detector? \protect{T}he role of the cortical
	neuron revisited},
  journal = {TINS},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {19},
  pages = {130-137},
  number = {4}
}
@article{Kuehn91,
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}
@article{Koenig91,
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	I. Synchronization.},
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  pages = {155--166}
}
@article{Kaelbling96,
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}
@article{Kaelbling96a,
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  title = {Reinforcement Learning: A Survey},
  journal = {Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {4},
  pages = {237},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  url = {http://www.citebase.org/abstract?id=oai:arXiv.org:cs/9605103}
}
@article{Kali00,
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	the Properties of Place},
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}
@article{Kampa07,
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	plasticity}},
  journal = {Trends in Neurosciences},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {30},
  pages = {456--463},
  number = {9},
  keywords = {plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{Kampen92,
  title = {Stochastic processes in physics and chemistry},
  publisher = {North-Holland},
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  author = {N. G. van Kampen},
  address = {Amsterdam},
  edition = {2nd}
}
@article{Kandel01,
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	and synapses},
  journal = {Science},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {294},
  pages = {1030-1038},
  annote = {excellent review article on how LTP is implemented by molecular and
	genetic mechansims}
}
@book{Kandel91,
  title = {Principles of Neural Science},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  year = {1991},
  author = {E. C. Kandel and J. H. Schwartz},
  address = {New York},
  edition = {3rd}
}
@article{Kanter87,
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}
@book{Kanerva88,
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}
@article{Kara02,
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	and cortical neuron},
  journal = {Neuron},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {27},
  pages = {635-646}
}
@article{Karklin05,
  author = {Karklin, Y. and Lewicki, M. S.},
  title = {A hierarchical {B}ayesian model for learning non-linear statistical
	regularities in non-stationary natural signals},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {17},
  pages = {397-423},
  number = {2},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Karmarkar02,
  author = {U.R. Karmarkar and D.V. Buonomano},
  title = {A model of spike-timing dependent plasticity: one or two coincidence
	detectors},
  journal = {J. Neurophysiology},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {88},
  pages = {507-513}
}
@article{Karmarkar06,
  author = {U. Karmarkar and Y. Dan},
  title = {Experience-dependant plasticity in adult visual cortex},
  journal = {Neuron},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {52},
  pages = {577-585},
  keywords = {Perceptual-Learning},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Karmarkar02b,
  author = {U.R. Karmarkar and M.T. Najarian and D.V. Buonomano},
  title = {Mechanisms and significance of spike-timing dependent plasticity},
  journal = {Biol. Cybernetics},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {87},
  pages = {373-382}
}
@article{Karni97,
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  title = {Learning perceptual skills: behavioral probes into adult cortical
	plasticity},
  journal = {Current Opinion in Neurobiology},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {7},
  pages = {530-535},
  keywords = {Perceptual-Learning},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Karni93,
  author = {A. Karni and D. Sagi},
  title = {The time course of learning a visual skill},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {1993},
  volume = {365},
  pages = {250-252},
  keywords = {Perceptual-Learning},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Karni91,
  author = {A. Karni and D. Sagi},
  title = {Where practice makes perfect in texture discrimination: evidence
	for primary visual cortex plasticity},
  journal = {PNAS},
  year = {1991},
  volume = {88},
  pages = {4966-4970},
  keywords = {Perceptual-Learning},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Kasai03,
  author = {H. Kasai and M. Matsuzaki and J. Noguchi and N. Yasumatsu and H.
	Nakahara},
  title = {Structure-stability-function relationship of dendritic spines},
  journal = {Trends in Neurosciences},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {26},
  pages = {360-368}
}
@article{Kass01,
  author = {R. E. Kass and V. Ventura},
  title = {A spike-train probability model},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {13},
  pages = {1713-1720}
}
@article{Kastner01,
  author = {S. Kastner and P. De Weerd and M. A. Pinsk and M. I. Elizondo and
	R. Desimone and L. G. Ungerleider},
  title = {{Modulation of sensory suppression: implications for receptive field
	sizes in the human visual cortex}},
  journal = {Journal of Neurophysiology},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {86},
  pages = {1398--1411},
  number = {3},
  month = sep,
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Katz96,
  author = {L. C. Katz and C. J. Shatz },
  title = {Synaptic Activity and the Construction of Cortical Circuits },
  journal = {Science},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {274},
  pages = {1133-1138}
}
@book{Kay94,
  title = {Information-theoretic neural networks for unsupervised learning:
	mathematical and statistical considerations},
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  year = {1994},
  author = {J. Kay}
}
@article{Kayaert03,
  author = {G. Kayaert and I. Biederman and R. Vogels},
  title = {{Shape tuning in macaque inferior temporal cortex}},
  journal = {Journal of Neuroscience},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {23},
  pages = {3016--3027},
  number = {7},
  month = apr,
  keywords = {Vision},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@inproceedings{Kayser01,
  author = {C. Kayser and W. Einh{\"a}user and O. D{\"u}mmer and K.P. K{\"o}rding
	and P. K{\"o}nig},
  title = {Extracting Slow Subspaces from Natural Videos Leads to Complex Cells},
  booktitle = {Proc. Int. Conf. on Artif. Neural Networks (ICANN) Springer: Lecture
	Notes in Computer Science},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {2130},
  pages = {1075-1079},
  keywords = {vision, Vision-Models, Slowness},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Keat01,
  author = {J. Keat and P. Reinagel and R.C. Reid and M. Meister},
  title = {Predicting every spike: A model for the responses of visual neurons},
  journal = {Neuron},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {30},
  pages = {803-817}
}
@article{Keat01a,
  author = {Keat, J and Reinagel, P and Reid, R C and Meister, M},
  title = {Predicting every spike: a model for the responses of visual neurons.},
  journal = {Neuron},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {30},
  pages = {803--817},
  number = {3},
  abstract = {In the early visual system, neuronal responses can be extremely precise.
	Under a wide range of stimuli, cells in the retina and thalamus fire
	spikes very reproducibly, often with millisecond precision on subsequent
	stimulus repeats. Here we develop a mathematical description of the
	firing process that, given the recent visual input, accurately predicts
	the timing of individual spikes. The formalism is successful in matching
	the spike trains from retinal ganglion cells in salamander, rabbit,
	and cat, as well as from lateral geniculate nucleus neurons in cat.
	It adapts to many different response types, from very precise to
	highly variable. The accuracy of the model allows a compact description
	of how these neurons encode the visual stimulus.},
  address = {Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, 16 Divinity Avenue,
	Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.},
  au = {Keat, J and Reinagel, P and Reid, RC and Meister, M},
  cin = {Neuron. 2001 Jun;30(3):646-7. PMID: 11430797},
  da = {20010629},
  date-added = {2008-03-28 12:01:25 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-28 12:01:29 +0100},
  dcom = {20010726},
  edat = {2001/06/30 10:00},
  gr = {EY10020/EY/United States NEI; EY10115/EY/United States NEI; EY12196/EY/United
	States NEI; NS07009/NS/United States NINDS},
  issn = {0896-6273 (Print)},
  jid = {8809320},
  jt = {Neuron},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20071114},
  mh = {Action Potentials/*physiology; Animals; Cats; Computer Simulation;
	Geniculate Bodies/cytology/physiology; *Models, Neurological; Rabbits;
	Reproducibility of Results; Retinal Ganglion Cells/*physiology; Urodela},
  mhda = {2001/07/28 10:01},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pii = {S0896-6273(01)00322-1},
  pl = {United States},
  pmid = {11430813},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.},
  pubm = {Print},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {Neuron. 2001 Jun;30(3):803-17. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Kelso86,
  author = {S. R. Kelso and A. H. Ganong and T. H. Brown},
  title = {{\protect H}ebbian synapses in hippocampus.},
  journal = {Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA},
  year = {1986},
  volume = {83},
  pages = {5326--5330}
}
@book{Kempter97,
  title = {Hebbsches {L}ernen zeitlicher {C}odierung: {T}heorie der {S}challortung
	im {H\"o}rsystem der {S}chleiereule},
  publisher = {Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe, Bd. 17, Darmstadt},
  year = {1997},
  author = {R. Kempter}
}
@article{Kempter98b,
  author = {R. Kempter and W. Gerstner and J.L. van Hemmen},
  title = {How the threshold of a neuron determines its capacity for coincidence
	detection},
  journal = {BioSystems},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {48},
  pages = {105-112}
}
@incollection{Kempter99b,
  author = {R. Kempter and W. Gerstner and J. L. van Hemmen},
  title = {Spike-Based Compared to Rate-Based Hebbian Learning},
  booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 11},
  publisher = {MIT-Press},
  year = {1999},
  editor = {M.S. Kearns and S.A. Solla and D. A. Cohn},
  pages = {125-131 }
}
@article{Kempter01,
  author = {R. Kempter and W. Gerstner and J. L. van Hemmen},
  title = {Intrinsic Stabilization of Output Rates by Spike-Based Hebbian Learning},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {13},
  pages = {2709-2741}
}
@article{Kempter99c,
  author = {R. Kempter and W. Gerstner and J. L. van Hemmen},
  title = {Hebbian learning and spiking neurons},
  journal = {Phys. Rev. E},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {59},
  pages = {4498--4514},
  optnumber = {4}
}
@article{Kempter98,
  author = {Kempter, R and Gerstner, W and van Hemmen, J L},
  title = {How the threshold of a neuron determines its capacity for coincidence
	detection.},
  journal = {Biosystems},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {48},
  pages = {105--112},
  number = {1-3},
  abstract = {Coherent oscillatory activity of a population of neurons is thought
	to be a vital feature of temporal coding in the brain. We focus on
	the question of whether a single neuron can transform a spike code
	into a rate code. More precisely, how does a neuron vary its mean
	output firing rate, if its input changes from random to coherent?
	We investigate the coincidence detection properties of an integrate-and-fire
	neuron in dependence upon internal parameters and input statistics.
	In particular, we show how coincidence detection depends on the membrane
	time constant and the threshold. Furthermore, we demonstrate that
	there is an optimal threshold for coincidence detection and that
	there is a broad range of near-optimal threshold values. Fine-tuning
	is not necessary.},
  address = {Physik Department der TU Munchen, Garching bei Munchen, Germany.
	kempter@physik.tu-muenchen.de},
  au = {Kempter, R and Gerstner, W and van Hemmen, JL},
  da = {19990310},
  date-added = {2008-03-29 12:57:50 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-29 12:58:03 +0100},
  dcom = {19990310},
  edat = {1999/01/14},
  issn = {0303-2647 (Print)},
  jid = {0430773},
  jt = {Bio Systems},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20061115},
  mh = {Action Potentials; Models, Neurological; Neurons/*physiology},
  mhda = {1999/01/14 00:01},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pl = {IRELAND},
  pmid = {9886637},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't},
  pubm = {Print},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {Biosystems. 1998 Sep-Dec;48(1-3):105-12. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@incollection{Kempter99a,
  author = {R. Kempter and W. Gerstner and J. L. van Hemmen and H. Wagner},
  title = {The quality of Coincidence detection and ITD-tuning: a theoretical
	framework},
  booktitle = {Psychophysics, Physiology and Models of Hearing},
  publisher = {World Scientific, Singapore},
  year = {1999},
  editor = {T. Dau and V. Hohmann and B. Kollmeier},
  pages = {185-192}
}
@article{Kempter98a,
  author = {R. Kempter and W. Gerstner and J. L. van Hemmen and H. Wagner},
  title = {Extracting oscillations: {N}euronal coincidence detection with noisy
	periodic spike input},
  journal = {Neural Comput.},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {10},
  pages = {1987--2017},
  optnumber = {8}
}
@inproceedings{Kempter96,
  author = {R. Kempter and W. Gerstner and J. L. van Hemmen and H. Wagner},
  title = {Temporal coding in the sub-millisecond range: Model of {\em barn
	owl} auditory pathway},
  booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 8},
  year = {1996},
  pages = {124-130},
  address = {Cambridge, MA},
  publisher = {MIT Press, }
}
@article{Kempter96b,
  author = {R. Kempter and W. Gerstner and H. Wagner and J.L. van Hemmen},
  title = {Model of map formation in the barn owl},
  journal = {in preparation},
  year = {1995}
}
@article{Kenet03,
  author = {T. Kenet and D. Bibibtchkov and M. Tsodyks and A. Grinvald andA.
	Arieli},
  title = {Spontaneously emerging cortical representations of visual attributes},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {425},
  pages = {954-956}
}
@article{Kepecs02a,
  author = {Kepecs, A. and van Rossum, M.C.W. and Song, S. and Tegner, J.},
  title = {Spike-timing-dependent plasticity: Common themes and divergent vistas},
  journal = {Biological Cybernetics},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {87},
  pages = {446--458},
  number = {5},
  keywords = {plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {Springer},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Kepecs02,
  author = {A. Kepecs and M. C.W. van Rossum and S. Song and J. Tegner},
  title = {Spike-timing-dependent plasticity: common themes and divergent vistas},
  journal = {Biol. Cybern.},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {87},
  pages = {446-458}
}
@article{Kepler92,
  author = {Thomas B. Kepler and L. F. Abbott and Eve Marder},
  title = {Reduction of conductance-based neuron models},
  journal = {Biol. Cybern.},
  year = {1992},
  volume = {66},
  pages = {381-387}
}
@article{Keren05,
  author = {Keren, Naomi and Peled, Noam and Korngreen, Alon},
  title = {Constraining compartmental models using multiple voltage recordings
	and genetic algorithms.},
  journal = {J Neurophysiol},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {94},
  pages = {3730--3742},
  number = {6},
  abstract = {Compartmental models with many nonlinearly and nonhomogeneous distributions
	of voltage-gated conductances are routinely used to investigate the
	physiology of complex neurons. However, the number of loosely constrained
	parameters makes manually constructing the desired model a daunting
	if not impossible task. Recently, progress has been made using automated
	parameter search methods, such as genetic algorithms (GAs). However,
	these methods have been applied to somatically recorded action potentials
	using relatively simple target functions. Using a genetic minimization
	algorithm and a reduced compartmental model based on a previously
	published model of layer 5 neocortical pyramidal neurons we compared
	the efficacy of five cost functions (based on the waveform of the
	membrane potential, the interspike interval, trajectory density,
	and their combinations) to constrain the model. When the model was
	constrained using somatic recordings only, a combined cost function
	was found to be the most effective. This combined cost function was
	then applied to investigate the contribution of dendritic and axonal
	recordings to the ability of the GA to constrain the model. The more
	recording locations from the dendrite and the axon that were added
	to the data set the better was the genetic minimization algorithm
	able to constrain the compartmental model. Based on these simulations
	we propose an experimental scheme that, in combination with a genetic
	minimization algorithm, may be used to constrain compartmental models
	of neurons.},
  address = {Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel.},
  au = {Keren, N and Peled, N and Korngreen, A},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00408.2005},
  da = {20051118},
  date-added = {2007-12-12 19:57:18 +0100},
  date-modified = {2007-12-12 19:57:20 +0100},
  dcom = {20060125},
  dep = {20050810},
  doi = {10.1152/jn.00408.2005},
  edat = {2005/08/12 09:00},
  issn = {0022-3077 (Print)},
  jid = {0375404},
  jt = {Journal of neurophysiology},
  keywords = {Action Potentials/*physiology; *Algorithms; Animals; Cell Compartmentation/physiology;
	Computer Simulation; Electric Conductivity; *Models, Neurological;
	Neocortex/cytology; Neurons/*physiology/radiation effects; Patch-Clamp
	Techniques; Time Factors},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20061115},
  mhda = {2006/01/26 09:00},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  phst = {2005/08/10 {$[$}aheadofprint{$]$}},
  pii = {00408.2005},
  pl = {United States},
  pmid = {16093338},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't},
  pubm = {Print-Electronic},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {J Neurophysiol. 2005 Dec;94(6):3730-42. Epub 2005 Aug 10. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Kernell73,
  author = {D. Kernell and H. Sj\protect{\"o}holm},
  title = {Repetitive impulse firing: comparison between neuron models based
	on 'voltage clamp equations' and spinal motoneurons},
  journal = {Acta Physiol. Scand.},
  year = {1973},
  volume = {87},
  pages = {40-56}
}
@article{Kerszberg90,
  author = {M. Kerszberg and A. Zippelius},
  title = {Synchronization in neural assemblies},
  journal = {Physica Scripta},
  year = {1990},
  volume = {T33},
  pages = {54-64}
}
@article{Kesner04,
  author = {R. P. Kesner and J. Rogers},
  title = {An analysis of independence and interactions of brain substrates
	that subserve multiple attributes, memory systems, and underlying
	processes},
  journal = {Neurobiology of Learning and Memory},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {82},
  pages = {199--215},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Keysers01,
  author = {C. Keysers and D. K. Xiao and P. Foldiak and D. I. Perrett},
  title = {The speed of sight},
  journal = {J. Cognitive Neuroscience},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {13},
  pages = {90-101}
}
@article{Khimenko82,
  author = {Khimenko, V.},
  title = {{Behavior of a derivative at moments of the crossing of a given level
	by a random process}},
  journal = {Radiofizika},
  year = {1982},
  volume = {25},
  pages = {797--804},
  number = {7},
  keywords = {various-artists},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Kirkwood96,
  author = {A. Kirkwood and M.G. Rioult and M.F. Bear},
  title = {Experience-dependent modification of synaptic plasticity in visual
	cortex},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {381},
  pages = {526-528}
}
@article{Kirkwood78,
  author = {P.A. Kirkwood and P.A. Sears},
  title = {The synaptic connexions to intercostal motoneurones as revealed by
	the average common excitation potential.},
  journal = {J. Physiology},
  year = {1978},
  volume = {275},
  pages = {103--134}
}
@article{Kistler02b,
  author = {W. M. Kistler},
  title = {Spike-timing dependent plasiticity: a phenomenological framework},
  journal = {Biological Cybernetics},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {xx},
  pages = {xx}
}
@article{Kistler00d,
  author = {W. M. Kistler},
  title = {Stability properties of solitary waves and perodic wave trains in
	a two-dimensional network of spiking neurons},
  journal = {Phys. Rev. E},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {62},
  pages = {8834-8837}
}
@article{Kistler02c,
  author = {W. M. Kistler and C. I. {De Zeeuw}},
  title = {Dynamical Working Memory and Timed Responses: The Role of Reverberating
	Loops in the Olivo-Cerebellar System},
  journal = {Neural Comput.},
  year = {2002},
  pages = {2597-2626}
}
@article{Kistler02a,
  author = {W. M. Kistler and W. Gerstner},
  title = {Stable Propagation of Activity Pulses in Populations of Spiking Neurons.},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {987-997}
}
@article{Kistler97,
  author = {W. M. Kistler and W. Gerstner and J. Leo van Hemmen},
  title = {Reduction of \protect{H}odgkin-\protect{H}uxley equations to a single-variable
	threshold model},
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  year = {1997},
  volume = {9},
  pages = {1015-1045}
}
@incollection{Kistler98b,
  author = {W. M. Kistler and J. L. van Hemmen},
  title = {An Analytically Solvable Model of Collectiv Excitation Patterns in
	Cortical Tissue},
  booktitle = {A perspective look at nonlinear media in physics, chemistry, and
	biology},
  publisher = {Springer},
  year = {1998},
  editor = {J. Parisi and S. C. M{\"u}ller and W. Zimmermann}
}
@article{Kistler00,
  author = {W. M. Kistler and J. Leo van Hemmen},
  title = {Modeling Synaptic Plasticity in Conjunction with the timing of pre-
	and postsynaptic potentials},
  journal = {Neural Comput.},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {12},
  pages = {385-405}
}
@article{Kistler00a,
  author = {W. M. Kistler and J. L. van Hemmen},
  title = {Modeling Synaptic Plasticity in Conjunction with the Timing of Pre-
	and Postsynaptic Action Potentials},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {12},
  pages = {385},
  keywords = {Plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Kistler98a,
  author = {W. M. Kistler and R. Seitz and J. L. van Hemmen},
  title = {Modelling collective excitations in cortical tissue},
  journal = {Physica D},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {114},
  pages = {273-295}
}
@article{Kitajima00,
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  title = {A generalized Hebbian rule for activity-dependent synaptic modifications},
  journal = {Neural Networks},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {13},
  pages = {445-454}
}
@article{Kitajima90,
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  title = {A model of the mechanisms of long-term potentiation in the hippocampus.},
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  year = {1990},
  volume = {64},
  pages = {33--39}
}
@book{Kittel86,
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  year = {1986},
  author = {Kittel, C. and others},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Kjaer94,
  author = {T. W. Kjaer and J. A. Hertz and B. J. Richmond},
  title = {Decoding cortical neuronal signals: network models, information estimation
	and spatial tuning},
  journal = {J. Comput. Neuroscience},
  year = {1994},
  volume = {1},
  pages = {109-139}
}
@article{Kleinfeld86,
  author = {Kleinfeld, D},
  title = {Sequential state generation by model neural networks},
  journal = {Proc.~Natl.~Acad.~Sci. USA},
  year = {1986},
  volume = {83},
  pages = {9469-9473}
}
@article{Klopf88,
  author = {A.H. Klopf},
  title = {A neuronal model of classical conditioning},
  journal = {Psychobiology},
  year = {1988},
  volume = {16},
  pages = {85-125}
}
@book{Klopf82,
  title = {The hedonistic neuron: a theory of memory, learning, and intelligence},
  publisher = {Hemisphere},
  year = {1982},
  author = {A.H. Klopf}
}
@article{Knierim06,
  author = {J.J. Knierim},
  title = {Neural representations of location outside Hippocampus},
  journal = {Learning \& Memory},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {13},
  pages = {405--415},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Knierim02,
  author = {J. J. Knierim},
  title = {Dynamic interactions between local surface cues, distal landmarks,
	and intrinsic circuitry in hippocampal place cells},
  journal = {Journal of Neuroscience},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {22},
  pages = {6254--6264},
  number = {14},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Knierim98,
  author = {J. J. Knierim and H. S. Kudrimoti and B. L. McNaughton},
  title = {{Interactions between idiothetic cues and external landmarks in the
	control of place cells and head direction cells}},
  journal = {Journal of Neurophysiology},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {80},
  pages = {425--446},
  number = {1},
  month = jul,
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Knierim95,
  author = {J. J. Knierim and H. S. Kudrimoti and B. L. McNaughton},
  title = {{Place cells, head direction cells, and the learning of landmark
	stability}},
  journal = {Journal of Neuroscience},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {15},
  pages = {1648--1659},
  number = {3 Pt 1},
  month = mar,
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Knierim03,
  author = {J. J. Knierim and G. Rao},
  title = {{Distal landmarks and hippocampal place cells: effects of relative
	translation versus rotation}},
  journal = {Hippocampus},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {13},
  pages = {604--617},
  number = {5},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Knight00,
  author = {B. W. Knight},
  title = {Dynamics of encoding in neuron populations: some general mathematical
	features},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {12},
  pages = {473-518}
}
@article{Knight72a,
  author = {B. W. Knight},
  title = {Dynamics of encoding in a population of neurons},
  journal = {J. Gen. Physiology},
  year = {1972},
  volume = {59},
  pages = {734-766}
}
@article{Knight72b,
  author = {B. W. Knight},
  title = {The relationship between the firing rate of a single neuron and the
	level of activity in a population of neurons},
  journal = {J. Gen. Physiology},
  year = {1972},
  volume = {59},
  pages = {767-778}
}
@article{Knott06,
  author = {Knott, G.W. and Holtmaat, A. and Wilbrecht, L. and Welker, E. and
	Svoboda, K.},
  title = {{Spine growth precedes synapse formation in the adult neocortex in
	vivo}},
  journal = {Nature Neuroscience},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {9},
  pages = {1117--1124},
  keywords = {various-artists},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Knox74,
  author = {C. K. Knox},
  title = {Cross-corrlation functions for a neuronal model},
  journal = {Biophysical J.},
  year = {1974},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {567-582}
}
@article{Knudsen87,
  author = {E. Knudsen and S. DuLac and E. D. Esterly},
  title = {Computational maps in the brain},
  journal = {Annu. Rev. Neurosci.},
  year = {1987},
  volume = {10},
  pages = {41-65}
}
@article{Knudsen79,
  author = {Eric I. Knudsen and Gary G. Blasdel and Masakazu Konishi},
  title = {Sound Localization by the Barn Owl (Tyto alba) Measured with the
	Search Coil Technique},
  journal = {J. Comp. Physiol.},
  year = {1979},
  volume = {133},
  pages = {1--11}
}
@article{Kobatake94,
  author = {E. Kobatake and K. Tanaka},
  title = {{Neuronal selectivities to complex object features in the ventral
	visual pathway of the macaque cerebral cortex}},
  journal = {Journal of Neurophysiology},
  year = {1994},
  volume = {71},
  pages = {856--867},
  number = {3},
  month = mar,
  keywords = {Vision},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Kobayashi97,
  author = {T. Kobayashi and H. Nishijo and M. Fukuda and J. Bures and T. Ono},
  title = {{Task-dependent representations in rat hippocampal place neurons}},
  journal = {Journal of Neurophysiology},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {78},
  pages = {597--613},
  number = {2},
  month = aug,
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{Koch99,
  title = {Biophysics of Computation},
  publisher = {Oxford University Press},
  year = {1999},
  author = {C. Koch},
  address = {New York, Oxford}
}
@book{Koch99a,
  title = {Biophysics of computation : information processing in single neurons},
  publisher = {Oxford University Press},
  year = {1999},
  author = {Koch, Christof},
  address = {New York },
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0605/97051390-d.html},
  call-number = {QP357.5},
  date-added = {2008-03-14 18:35:50 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-14 18:35:54 +0100},
  dewey-call-number = {573.8/536},
  genre = {Computational neuroscience},
  isbn = {0195104919 (alk. paper)},
  library-id = {97051390},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  url = {http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0605/97051390-d.html}
}
@article{Koch95,
  author = {C. Koch and {\"O}. Bernander and R.J. Douglas},
  title = {Do neurons have a voltage or a current threshold for action potential
	initiation?},
  journal = {J. Comput. Neurosci.},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {2},
  pages = {63-82}
}
@article{Koch96,
  author = {C. Koch and M. Rapp and I. Segev},
  title = {A brief history of time constants},
  journal = {Cerebral cortex},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {6},
  pages = {93-101}
}
@article{Koch96a,
  author = {Christof Koch and Moshe Rapp and Idan Segev},
  title = {A Brief History of Time (Constants)},
  journal = {{Cerebral Cortex}},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {6},
  pages = {92--101},
  keywords = {Plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Koch00,
  author = {C. Koch and I. Segev},
  title = {The role of single neurons in information processing},
  journal = {Nature Neuroscience},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {1171--1177},
  number = {Supp}
}
@book{Koch89,
  title = {Methods in Neuronal Modeling},
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  year = {1989},
  author = {Christof Koch and Idan Segev}
}
@article{Kohn89,
  author = {A. F. Kohn},
  title = {Dendritic transformations on random synaptic inputs as measured from
	a neurons spike train - modeling and simulation},
  journal = {IEEE transactions on biomedical engineering},
  year = {1989},
  volume = {16},
  pages = {44-54}
}
@article{Kohonen93,
  author = {Teuvo Kohonen},
  title = {Physiological Interpretation of the Self-Organizing Map Algorithm},
  journal = {Neural Networks},
  year = {1993},
  volume = {6},
  pages = {895--905}
}
@article{Kohonen90,
  author = {T. Kohonen},
  title = {The self-organizing map},
  journal = {Proceedings of the IEEE},
  year = {1990},
  volume = {78},
  pages = {1464-1480},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{Kohonen89,
  title = {Self-organization and associative memory, 3rd edition},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
  year = {1989},
  author = {T. Kohonen},
  address = {Berlin Heidelberg New York}
}
@book{Kohonen84,
  title = {Self-{O}rganization and {A}ssociative {M}emory},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
  year = {1984},
  author = {T. Kohonen},
  address = {Berlin Heidelberg New York}
}
@article{Kohonen72,
  author = {T. Kohonen},
  title = {Correlation matrix memories},
  journal = {IEEE trans. comp.},
  year = {1972},
  volume = {C-21},
  pages = {353-359}
}
@article{Kole06,
  author = {Kole, Maarten H P and Hallermann, Stefan and Stuart, Greg J},
  title = {Single Ih channels in pyramidal neuron dendrites: properties, distribution,
	and impact on action potential output.},
  journal = {J Neurosci},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {26},
  pages = {1677--1687},
  number = {6},
  abstract = {The hyperpolarization-activated cation current (Ih) plays an important
	role in regulating neuronal excitability, yet its native single-channel
	properties in the brain are essentially unknown. Here we use variance-mean
	analysis to study the properties of single Ih channels in the apical
	dendrites of cortical layer 5 pyramidal neurons in vitro. In these
	neurons, we find that Ih channels have an average unitary conductance
	of 680 +/- 30 fS (n = 18). Spectral analysis of simulated and native
	Ih channels showed that there is little or no channel flicker below
	5 kHz. In contrast to the uniformly distributed single-channel conductance,
	Ih channel number increases exponentially with distance, reaching
	densities as high as approximately 550 channels/microm2 at distal
	dendritic sites. These high channel densities generate significant
	membrane voltage noise. By incorporating a stochastic model of Ih
	single-channel gating into a morphologically realistic model of a
	layer 5 neuron, we show that this channel noise is higher in distal
	dendritic compartments and increased threefold with a 10-fold increased
	single-channel conductance (6.8 pS) but constant Ih current density.
	In addition, we demonstrate that voltage fluctuations attributable
	to stochastic Ih channel gating impact on action potential output,
	with greater spike-timing precision in models with the experimentally
	determined single-channel conductance. These data suggest that, in
	the face of high current densities, the small single-channel conductance
	of Ih is critical for maintaining the fidelity of action potential
	output.},
  address = {Division of Neuroscience, John Curtin School of Medical Research,
	Australian National University, Canberra 0200, Australian Capital
	Territory, Australia. maarten.kole@anu.edu.au},
  au = {Kole, MH and Hallermann, S and Stuart, GJ},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3664-05.2006},
  da = {20060209},
  date-added = {2008-03-29 13:51:44 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-29 13:51:46 +0100},
  dcom = {20060426},
  doi = {10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3664-05.2006},
  edat = {2006/02/10 09:00},
  issn = {1529-2401 (Electronic)},
  jid = {8102140},
  jt = {The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society
	for Neuroscience},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20061115},
  mh = {Action Potentials/*physiology; Animals; Dendrites/*physiology; Ion
	Channels/*physiology; Male; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pyramidal Cells/*physiology;
	Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reproducibility of Results},
  mhda = {2006/04/28 09:00},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pii = {26/6/1677},
  pl = {United States},
  pmid = {16467515},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't},
  pubm = {Print},
  rn = {0 (Ion Channels)},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {J Neurosci. 2006 Feb 8;26(6):1677-87. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Kologziejski08,
  author = {C. Kolodziejski and B. Porr and F. \protect{W\"org\"otter}},
  title = {Mathematical properties of neuronal TD-rules and differential Hebbian
	learning: a comparison},
  journal = {Biol. Cybern.},
  year = {2008},
  volume = xx,
  pages = {0}
}
@article{Kolodziejski08,
  author = {Christoph Kolodziejski and Bernd Porr and Florentin W\&\#x00f6;rg\&\#x00f6;tter},
  title = {{Mathematical properties of neuronal TD-rules and differential Hebbian
	learning: a comparison}},
  journal = {Biol. Cybern.},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {98},
  pages = {259--272},
  number = {3},
  address = {Secaucus, NJ, USA},
  doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00422-007-0209-6},
  issn = {0340-1200},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Kondgen08,
  author = {Kondgen, H and Geisler, C and Fusi, S and Wang, XJ and Luscher, HR
	and Giugliano, M},
  title = {The Dynamical Response Properties of Neocortical Neurons to Temporally
	Modulated Noisy Inputs In Vitro.},
  journal = {Cereb Cortex},
  year = {2008},
  abstract = {Cortical neurons are often classified by current-frequency relationship.
	Such a static description is inadequate to interpret neuronal responses
	to time-varying stimuli. Theoretical studies suggested that single-cell
	dynamical response properties are necessary to interpret ensemble
	responses to fast input transients. Further, it was shown that input-noise
	linearizes and boosts the response bandwidth, and that the interplay
	between the barrage of noisy synaptic currents and the spike-initiation
	mechanisms determine the dynamical properties of the firing rate.
	To test these model predictions, we estimated the linear response
	properties of layer 5 pyramidal cells by injecting a superposition
	of a small-amplitude sinusoidal wave and a background noise. We characterized
	the evoked firing probability across many stimulation trials and
	a range of oscillation frequencies (1-1000 Hz), quantifying response
	amplitude and phase-shift while changing noise statistics. We found
	that neurons track unexpectedly fast transients, as their response
	amplitude has no attenuation up to 200 Hz. This cut-off frequency
	is higher than the limits set by passive membrane properties ( approximately
	50 Hz) and average firing rate ( approximately 20 Hz) and is not
	affected by the rate of change of the input. Finally, above 200 Hz,
	the response amplitude decays as a power-law with an exponent that
	is independent of voltage fluctuations induced by the background
	noise.},
  address = {Department of Physiology, University of Bern, Bern CH-3012, Switzerland.},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhm235},
  da = {20080211},
  date-added = {2008-03-28 22:29:27 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-28 22:29:59 +0100},
  dep = {20080209},
  doi = {10.1093/cercor/bhm235},
  edat = {2008/02/12 09:00},
  issn = {1460-2199 (Electronic)},
  jid = {9110718},
  jt = {Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)},
  language = {ENG},
  mhda = {2008/02/12 09:00},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pii = {bhm235},
  pmid = {18263893},
  pst = {aheadofprint},
  pt = {JOURNAL ARTICLE},
  pubm = {Print-Electronic},
  so = {Cereb Cortex. 2008 Feb 9;. },
  stat = {Publisher},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Konig96,
  author = {Konig, P and Engel, A K and Singer, W},
  title = {Integrator or coincidence detector? The role of the cortical neuron
	revisited.},
  journal = {Trends Neurosci},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {19},
  pages = {130--137},
  number = {4},
  abstract = {Neurons can operate in two distinct ways, depending on the duration
	of the interval over which they effectively summate incoming synaptic
	potentials. If this interval is of the order of the mean interspike
	interval or longer, neurons act effectively as temporal integrators
	and transmit temporal patterns with only low reliability. If, by
	contrast, the integration interval is short compared to the interspike
	interval, neurons act essentially as coincidence detectors, relay
	preferentially synchronized input, and the temporal structure of
	their output is a direct function of the input pattern. Recently,
	interest in this distinction has been revived because experimental
	and theoretical results suggest that synchronous firing of neurons
	might play an important role for information processing in the cortex.
	Here, we argue that coincidence detection, rather than temporal integration,
	might be a prevalent operation mode of cortical neurons. We base
	our arguments on established biophysical properties of cortical neurons
	and on particular features of cortical dynamics.},
  address = {Neurosciences Institute, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.},
  au = {Konig, P and Engel, AK and Singer, W},
  cin = {Trends Neurosci. 1996 Oct;19(10):415-6. PMID: 8888516},
  da = {19960801},
  date-added = {2008-03-29 12:52:47 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-29 12:52:50 +0100},
  dcom = {19960801},
  edat = {1996/04/01},
  issn = {0166-2236 (Print)},
  jid = {7808616},
  jt = {Trends in neurosciences},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20051116},
  mh = {Animals; Cats; Cerebral Cortex/*cytology/physiology; Electrophysiology;
	Membrane Potentials/physiology; Neurons/*physiology},
  mhda = {1996/04/01 00:01},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pii = {S0166-2236(96)80019-1},
  pl = {ENGLAND},
  pmid = {8658595},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article; Review},
  pubm = {Print},
  rf = {45},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {Trends Neurosci. 1996 Apr;19(4):130-7. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Konishi93,
  author = {Masakazu Konishi},
  title = {Listening with two ears},
  journal = {Scientific American},
  year = {1993},
  volume = {268},
  pages = {34--41},
  month = {April},
  annote = {Schoener recht allgemein verstaendlicher Artikel ueber das Hoersystem
	der Schleiereule mit vielen recht guten Bildern.}
}
@article{Konishi86,
  author = {Masakazu Konishi},
  title = {Centrally synthesized maps of sensory space},
  journal = {Trends in Neurosciences},
  year = {1986},
  volume = {9},
  pages = {163--168},
  number = {4},
  month = {April},
  annote = {Uebersichtlicher Artikel ueber die grundsaetzlichen Zuasammenhaenge
	der Schalldetektion der Eule.}
}
@article{Kopell86,
  author = {N. Kopell},
  title = {Symmetry and phase locking in chains of weakly coupled oscillators},
  journal = {Communications on pure and applied mathematics},
  year = {1986},
  volume = {39},
  pages = {623-660}
}
@article{Kopell86b,
  author = {N. Kopell},
  title = {Phase methods for coupled oscillators and related topics: An annnotated
	bibliography},
  journal = {J.~Stat.~Phys.},
  year = {1986},
  volume = {44},
  pages = {1035-1042}
}
@book{Kopka,
  title = {Latex, vol. 1 and 2},
  publisher = {Addison-Wesley},
  year = {1991},
  author = {H. Kopka},
  address = {Deutschland}
}
@article{Kossel90,
  author = {A. Kossel and T. Bonhoeffer and J. Bolz},
  title = {Non-{H}ebbian synapses in rat visual cortex},
  journal = {NeuroReport},
  year = {1990},
  volume = {1},
  pages = {115--118}
}
@article{Koulakov02,
  author = {A.A. Koulakov and S. Raghavachari and A. Kepecs and J.E. Lisman},
  title = {Model for a robust neural integrator},
  journal = {Nature Neuroscience},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {5},
  pages = {775-782}
}
@article{Kourtzi06,
  author = {Kourtzi, Z. and DiCarlo, J.J.},
  title = {Learning and neural plasticity in visual object recognition},
  journal = {Current Opinion in Neurobiology},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {16},
  pages = {152--158},
  number = {2},
  keywords = {slowness, vision, vision-physiology, vision-models},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{Krueger91b,
  title = {Neuronal Cooperativity},
  publisher = {Springer},
  year = {1991},
  author = {J. Kr\protect{\"u}ger},
  address = {Berlin Heidelberg New York},
  opteditor = {J. Kr\protect{\"u}ger}
}
@article{Krueger83,
  author = {J. Kr\protect{\"u}ger},
  title = {Simultaneous individual recordings from many cerebral neurons: Techniques
	and results},
  journal = {Rev. Physiol. Biochem. Pharmacol.},
  year = {1983},
  volume = {98},
  pages = {177--233}
}
@article{Krueger88,
  author = {J. Kr\protect{\"u}ger and F. Aiple},
  title = {Multimicroelectrode investigation of monkey striate cortex: spike
	train correlations in the infragranular layers.},
  journal = {J. Neurophysiol.},
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  keywords = {slowness},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
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@article{Larkum04,
  author = {M.E. Larkum and W. Senn and H.R. L\protect{\"u}scher},
  title = {Top-down dendritic input increases the gain of layer 5 pyramidal
	neurons },
  journal = {CEREBRAL CORTEX },
  year = {2004},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {1059-1079}
}
@article{Larkum01,
  author = {M.E. Larkum and J.J. Zhu and B. Sakmann},
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	the axonal action potential initiation zone of adult rat layer 5
	pyramidal neurons},
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  year = {2001},
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}
@article{Larkum04a,
  author = {Larkum, Matthew E and Senn, Walter and Luscher, Hans-R},
  title = {Top-down dendritic input increases the gain of layer 5 pyramidal
	neurons.},
  journal = {Cereb Cortex},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {1059--1070},
  number = {10},
  abstract = {The cerebral cortex is organized so that an important component of
	feedback input from higher to lower cortical areas arrives at the
	distal apical tufts of pyramidal neurons. Yet, distal inputs are
	predicted to have much less impact on firing than proximal inputs.
	Here we show that even weak asynchronous dendritic input to the distal
	tuft region can significantly increase the gain of layer 5 pyramidal
	neurons and thereby the output of columns in the primary somatosensory
	cortex of the rat. Noisy currents injected in ramps at different
	dendritic locations showed that the initial slope of the frequency-current
	(f/I) relationship increases with the distance of the current injection
	from the soma. The increase was due to the interaction of dendritic
	depolarization with back-propagating APs which activated dendritic
	calcium conductances. Gain increases were accompanied by a change
	of firing mode from isolated spikes to bursting where the timing
	of bursts coded the presence of coincident somatic and dendritic
	inputs. We propose that this dendritic gain modulation and the timing
	of bursts may serve to associate top-down and bottom-up input on
	different time scales.},
  address = {Institute of Physiology, University of Bern, Buhlplatz 5, CH-3012
	Bern, Switzerland. larkum@pyl.unibe.ch},
  au = {Larkum, ME and Senn, W and Luscher, HR},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhh065},
  da = {20040910},
  date-added = {2008-01-31 11:57:18 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-01-31 11:57:32 +0100},
  dcom = {20041109},
  dep = {20040427},
  doi = {10.1093/cercor/bhh065},
  edat = {2004/04/30 05:00},
  issn = {1047-3211 (Print)},
  jid = {9110718},
  jt = {Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)},
  keywords = {Action Potentials/*physiology; Animals; Dendrites/*physiology; Neocortex/physiology;
	Pyramidal Cells/*physiology; Rats; Rats, Wistar},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20061115},
  mhda = {2004/11/13 09:00},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  phst = {2004/04/27 {$[$}aheadofprint{$]$}},
  pii = {bhh065},
  pl = {United States},
  pmid = {15115747},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't},
  pubm = {Print-Electronic},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {Cereb Cortex. 2004 Oct;14(10):1059-70. Epub 2004 Apr 27. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Larkum99,
  author = {Larkum, M E and Zhu, J J and Sakmann, B},
  title = {A new cellular mechanism for coupling inputs arriving at different
	cortical layers.},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {398},
  pages = {338--341},
  number = {6725},
  abstract = {Pyramidal neurons in layer 5 of the neocortex of the brain extend
	their axons and dendrites into all layers. They are also unusual
	in having both an axonal and a dendritic zone for the initiation
	of action potentials. Distal dendritic inputs, which normally appear
	greatly attenuated at the axon, must cross a high threshold at the
	dendritic initiation zone to evoke calcium action potentials but
	can then generate bursts of axonal action potentials. Here we show
	that a single back-propagating sodium action potential generated
	in the axon facilitates the initiation of these calcium action potentials
	when it coincides with distal dendritic input within a time window
	of several milliseconds. Inhibitory dendritic input can selectively
	block the initiation of dendritic calcium action potentials, preventing
	bursts of axonal action potentials. Thus, excitatory and inhibitory
	postsynaptic potentials arising in the distal dendrites can exert
	significantly greater control over action potential initiation in
	the axon than would be expected from their electrotonically isolated
	locations. The coincidence of a single back-propagating action potential
	with a subthreshold distal excitatory postsynaptic potential to evoke
	a burst of axonal action potentials represents a new mechanism by
	which the main cortical output neurons can associate inputs arriving
	at different cortical layers.},
  address = {Abt. Zellphysiologie, Max-Planck-Institut fur Medizinische Forschung,
	Heidelberg, Germany. mlarkum@sunny.mpimf-heidelberg.mpg.de},
  au = {Larkum, ME and Zhu, JJ and Sakmann, B},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/18686},
  da = {19990413},
  date-added = {2008-03-28 23:39:33 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-28 23:39:43 +0100},
  dcom = {19990413},
  doi = {10.1038/18686},
  edat = {1999/04/07 02:01},
  issn = {0028-0836 (Print)},
  jid = {0410462},
  jt = {Nature},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20061115},
  mh = {Action Potentials; Animals; Axons/physiology; Calcium/physiology;
	Cerebral Cortex/cytology/*physiology; Dendrites/physiology; Electrophysiology;
	Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Interneurons/physiology; Neural
	Pathways/*physiology; Pyramidal Cells/*physiology; Rats; Rats, Wistar;
	Sodium/physiology},
  mhda = {2001/03/23 10:01},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pl = {ENGLAND},
  pmid = {10192334},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {In Vitro; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't},
  pubm = {Print},
  rn = {7440-23-5 (Sodium); 7440-70-2 (Calcium)},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {Nature. 1999 Mar 25;398(6725):338-41. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Larson86,
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}
@article{Latham04,
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  year = {2004},
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  pages = {1385-1412}
}
@article{Latham00,
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  year = {2000},
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}
@article{Latham00b,
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  journal = {J. Neurophysiology},
  year = {2000},
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  pages = {828-835}
}
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@article{Laughlin98,
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}
@article{Laurant94,
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  journal = {Science},
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}
@article{Lee06,
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  title = {Whole-cell recordings in freely moving rats},
  journal = {Neuron},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {51},
  pages = {399--407},
  number = {4},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Lee04,
  author = {I. Lee and D. Yoganarasimha and G. Rao and J. J. Knierim},
  title = {Comparison of population coherence of place cells in hippocampal
	subfields {CA1} and {CA3}},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {430},
  pages = {456--459},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Legenstein05,
  author = {R. Legenstein and C. Naeger and W. Maass},
  title = {What can a neuron learn with spike-timing dependent plasticity},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {17},
  pages = {2337-2382}
}
@article{Legenstein05a,
  author = {Robert Legenstein and Christian Naeger and Wolfgang Maass},
  title = {What can a Neuron learn with Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity?},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {17},
  pages = {2337-2382},
  number = {11},
  keywords = {Plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@incollection{Legenstein08,
  author = {Robert Legenstein and Dejan Pecevski and Wolfgang Maass},
  title = {Theoretical Analysis of Learning with Reward-Modulated Spike-Timing-Dependent
	Plasticity},
  booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 20},
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  year = {2008},
  editor = {J.C. Platt and D. Koller and Y. Singer and S. Roweis},
  address = {Cambridge, MA}
}
@article{Leibold08a,
  author = {Christian Leibold and Anja Gundlfinger and Robert Schmidt and Kay
	Thurley and Dietmar Schmitz and Richard Kempter},
  title = {Temporal compression mediated by short-term synaptic plasticity.},
  journal = {Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {105},
  pages = {4417--4422},
  number = {11},
  month = {Mar},
  abstract = {Time scales of cortical neuronal dynamics range from few milliseconds
	to hundreds of milliseconds. In contrast, behavior occurs on the
	time scale of seconds or longer. How can behavioral time then be
	neuronally represented in cortical networks? Here, using electrophysiology
	and modeling, we offer a hypothesis on how to bridge the gap between
	behavioral and cellular time scales. The core idea is to use a long
	time constant of decay of synaptic facilitation to translate slow
	behaviorally induced temporal correlations into a distribution of
	synaptic response amplitudes. These amplitudes can then be transferred
	to a sequence of action potentials in a population of neurons. These
	sequences provide temporal correlations on a millisecond time scale
	that are able to induce persistent synaptic changes. As a proof of
	concept, we provide simulations of a neuron that learns to discriminate
	temporal patterns on a time scale of seconds by synaptic learning
	rules with a millisecond memory buffer. We find that the conversion
	from synaptic amplitudes to millisecond correlations can be strongly
	facilitated by subthreshold oscillations both in terms of information
	transmission and success of learning.},
  doi = {10.1073/pnas.0708711105},
  keywords = {Plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pii = {0708711105},
  pmid = {18337494},
  timestamp = {2008.05.01},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0708711105}
}
@article{Leibold02,
  author = {C. Leibold and J.L. van Hemmen},
  title = {Mapping time},
  journal = {Biol. Cybern.},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {87},
  pages = {428-439}
}
@article{Leibold08b,
  author = {Christian Leibold and Richard Kempter},
  title = {Sparseness constrains the prolongation of memory lifetime via synaptic
	metaplasticity.},
  journal = {Cereb Cortex},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {18},
  pages = {67--77},
  number = {1},
  month = {Jan},
  abstract = {Synaptic changes impair previously acquired memory traces. The smaller
	this impairment the larger is the longevity of memories. Two strategies
	have been suggested to keep memories from being overwritten too rapidly
	while preserving receptiveness to new contents: either introducing
	synaptic meta levels that store the history of synaptic state changes
	or reducing the number of synchronously active neurons, which decreases
	interference. We find that synaptic metaplasticity indeed can prolong
	memory lifetimes but only under the restriction that the neuronal
	population code is not too sparse. For sparse codes, metaplasticity
	may actually hinder memory longevity. This is important because in
	memory-related brain regions as the hippocampus population codes
	are sparse. Comparing 2 different synaptic cascade models with binary
	weights, we find that a serial topology of synaptic state transitions
	gives rise to larger memory capacities than a model with cross transitions.
	For the serial model, memory capacity is virtually independent of
	network size and connectivity.},
  doi = {10.1093/cercor/bhm037},
  keywords = {Plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pii = {bhm037},
  pmid = {17490993},
  timestamp = {2008.05.01},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhm037}
}
@article{Leibold06,
  author = {Christian Leibold and Richard Kempter},
  title = {Memory capacity for sequences in a recurrent network with biological
	constraints.},
  journal = {Neural Comput},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {18},
  pages = {904--941},
  number = {4},
  month = {Apr},
  abstract = {The CA3 region of the hippocampus is a recurrent neural network that
	is essential for the storage and replay of sequences of patterns
	that represent behavioral events. Here we present a theoretical framework
	to calculate a sparsely connected network's capacity to store such
	sequences. As in CA3, only a limited subset of neurons in the network
	is active at any one time, pattern retrieval is subject to error,
	and the resources for plasticity are limited. Our analysis combines
	an analytical mean field approach, stochastic dynamics, and cellular
	simulations of a time-discrete McCulloch-Pitts network with binary
	synapses. To maximize the number of sequences that can be stored
	in the network, we concurrently optimize the number of active neurons,
	that is, pattern size, and the firing threshold. We find that for
	one-step associations (i.e., minimal sequences), the optimal pattern
	size is inversely proportional to the mean connectivity c, whereas
	the optimal firing threshold is independent of the connectivity.
	If the number of synapses per neuron is fixed, the maximum number
	P of stored sequences in a sufficiently large, nonmodular network
	is independent of its number N of cells. On the other hand, if the
	number of synapses scales as the network size to the power of 3/2,
	the number of sequences P is proportional to N. In other words, sequential
	memory is scalable. Furthermore, we find that there is an optimal
	ratio r between silent and nonsilent synapses at which the storage
	capacity alpha = P//[c(1 + r)N] assumes a maximum. For long sequences,
	the capacity of sequential memory is about one order of magnitude
	below the capacity for minimal sequences, but otherwise behaves similar
	to the case of minimal sequences. In a biologically inspired scenario,
	the information content per synapse is far below theoretical optimality,
	suggesting that the brain trades off error tolerance against information
	content in encoding sequential memories.},
  doi = {10.1162/089976606775774714},
  keywords = {Hippocampus; plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pmid = {16494695},
  timestamp = {2008.05.01},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/089976606775774714}
}
@article{Lengyel05,
  author = {M. Lengyel and J. Kwag and O. Paulsen and P. Dayan},
  title = {Matching storage and recall: hippocampal spike timing-dependent plasticity
	and phase response curves},
  journal = {Nat. Neurosci.},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {8},
  pages = {1677-1683}
}
@article{Lestienne96,
  author = {R\protect{\'e}my Lestienne},
  title = {Determination of the precision of spike timing in the visual cortex
	of anaesthetised cats},
  journal = {Biol. Cybern.},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {74},
  pages = {55-61}
}
@article{Letzkus06,
  author = {Letzkus, Johannes J. and Kampa, Bjorn M. and Stuart, Greg J.},
  title = {Learning Rules for Spike Timing-Dependent Plasticity Depend on Dendritic
	Synapse Location},
  journal = {J. Neurosci.},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {26},
  pages = {10420--10429},
  number = {41},
  month = oct,
  abstract = {Previous studies focusing on the temporal rules governing changes
	in synaptic strength during spike timing-dependent synaptic plasticity
	(STDP) have paid little attention to the fact that synaptic inputs
	are distributed across complex dendritic trees. During STDP, propagation
	of action potentials (APs) back to the site of synaptic input is
	thought to trigger plasticity. However, in pyramidal neurons, backpropagation
	of single APs is decremental, whereas high-frequency bursts lead
	to generation of distal dendritic calcium spikes. This raises the
	question whether STDP learning rules depend on synapse location and
	firing mode. Here, we investigate this issue at synapses between
	layer 2/3 and layer 5 pyramidal neurons in somatosensory cortex.
	We find that low-frequency pairing of single APs at positive times
	leads to a distance-dependent shift to long-term depression (LTD)
	at distal inputs. At proximal sites, this LTD could be converted
	to long-term potentiation (LTP) by dendritic depolarizations suprathreshold
	for BAC-firing or by high-frequency AP bursts. During AP bursts,
	we observed a progressive, distance-dependent shift in the timing
	requirements for induction of LTP and LTD, such that distal synapses
	display novel timing rules: they potentiate when inputs are activated
	after burst onset (negative timing) but depress when activated before
	burst onset (positive timing). These findings could be explained
	by distance-dependent differences in the underlying dendritic voltage
	waveforms driving NMDA receptor activation during STDP induction.
	Our results suggest that synapse location within the dendritic tree
	is a crucial determinant of STDP, and that synapses undergo plasticity
	according to local rather than global learning rules.},
  comment = {10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2650-06.2006},
  keywords = {plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  url = {http://www.jneurosci.org/cgi/content/abstract/26/41/10420}
}
@article{Leutgeb05a,
  author = {S. Leutgeb and J.K. Leutgeb and M.B. Moser and E.I. Moser},
  title = {Place cells, spatial maps and the population code for memory},
  journal = {Current Opinion in Neurobiology},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {15},
  pages = {738--46},
  number = {6},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Leutgeb05,
  author = {S. Leutgeb and J. K. Leutgeb and C. A. Barnes and E. I. Moser and
	B. L. McNaughton and M.-B. Moser},
  title = {Independent Codes for Spatial and Episodic Memory in Hippocampal
	Neuronal Ensembles},
  journal = {Science},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {309},
  pages = {619--623},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Leutgeb04,
  author = {S. Leutgeb and J. K. Leutgeb and A. Treves and M.-B. Moser and E.
	I. Moser},
  title = {Distinct Ensemble Codes in Hippocampal Areas {CA3} and {CA1}},
  journal = {Science},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {305},
  pages = {1295--1298},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Leutgeb00,
  author = {S. Leutgeb and K. E. Ragozzino and S. J. Mizumori},
  title = {Convergence of head direction and place information in the ca1 region
	of hippocampus},
  journal = {Neuroscience},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {100},
  pages = {11--19},
  number = {1},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Lever02,
  author = {Colin Lever and Neil Burgess and Francesca Cacucci and Tom Hartley
	and John O'Keefe},
  title = {What can the hippocampal representation of environmental geometry
	tell us about Hebbian learning?},
  journal = {Bio. Cybern.},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {87},
  pages = {356-372}
}
@article{Lever02a,
  author = {C. Lever and N. Burgess and F. Cacucci and T. Hartley and J. O'Keefe},
  title = {What can the hippocampal representation of environmental geometry
	tell us about hebbian learning?},
  journal = {Biological Cybernetics},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {87},
  pages = {356--372},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Levin96,
  author = {J.E. Levin and J.P. Miller},
  title = {Broadband neural encoding in the cricket cercal sensory system enhanced
	by stochastic resonance},
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  year = {1996},
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  pages = {165-168}
}
@book{Levine91,
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  address = {Hillsdale}
}
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}
@article{Levy02,
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  year = {2002},
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  pages = {4746-4755}
}
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  pages = {xx}
}
@article{LiZhaoping99,
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	in visual search},
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  year = {1999},
  volume = {96},
  pages = {10530-10535}
}
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  author = {D. Liao and N.A. Hessler and R. Malinow},
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	LTP in CA1 region of hippocampal slice },
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}
@article{Liao01,
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	Recruitment of AMPA Receptors},
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  year = {2001},
  volume = {21},
  pages = {6008 - 6017 }
}
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	of LTP and LTD},
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  pages = {661-666}
}
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  author = {B. Lindner and L. Schimansky-Geier},
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	ensemble},
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  year = {2001},
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  pages = {2934-2937}
}
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	map in adult barn owls 
	
	},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {2002},
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  optvolume = {419}
}
@article{Linsker97,
  author = {R. Linsker},
  title = {A Local Learning Rule That Enables Information Maximization for Arbitrary
	Input Distribution},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {9},
  pages = {1661-1665},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
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  address = {San Mateo CA},
  publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann}
}
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  volume = {4},
  pages = {691-702},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
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	between Input and Output Signals},
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}
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}
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	spatial-opponent cells},
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  year = {1986},
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}
@article{Linsker86b,
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	orientation selective cells},
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}
@article{Linsker86c,
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	orientation columns},
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  year = {1986},
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}
@book{NIPS91,
  title = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems},
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  author = {R. P. Lippmann},
  volume = {3},
  address = {San Mateo}
}
@article{Lisman05b,
  author = {John Lisman},
  title = {The theta/gamma discrete phase code occuring during the hippocampal
	phase precession may be a more general brain coding scheme.},
  journal = {Hippocampus},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {15},
  pages = {913--922},
  number = {7},
  abstract = {In the hippocampus, oscillations in the theta and gamma frequency
	range occur together and interact in several ways, indicating that
	they are part of a common functional system. It is argued that these
	oscillations form a coding scheme that is used in the hippocampus
	to organize the readout from long-term memory of the discrete sequence
	of upcoming places, as cued by current position. This readout of
	place cells has been analyzed in several ways. First, plots of the
	theta phase of spikes vs. position on a track show a systematic progression
	of phase as rats run through a place field. This is termed the phase
	precession. Second, two cells with nearby place fields have a systematic
	difference in phase, as indicated by a cross-correlation having a
	peak with a temporal offset that is a significant fraction of a theta
	cycle. Third, several different decoding algorithms demonstrate the
	information content of theta phase in predicting the animal's position.
	It appears that small phase differences corresponding to jitter within
	a gamma cycle do not carry information. This evidence, together with
	the finding that principle cells fire preferentially at a given gamma
	phase, supports the concept of theta/gamma coding: a given place
	is encoded by the spatial pattern of neurons that fire in a given
	gamma cycle (the exact timing within a gamma cycle being unimportant);
	sequential places are encoded in sequential gamma subcycles of the
	theta cycle (i.e., with different discrete theta phase). It appears
	that this general form of coding is not restricted to readout of
	information from long-term memory in the hippocampus because similar
	patterns of theta/gamma oscillations have been observed in multiple
	brain regions, including regions involved in working memory and sensory
	integration. It is suggested that dual oscillations serve a general
	function: the encoding of multiple units of information (items) in
	a way that preserves their serial order. The relationship of such
	coding to that proposed by Singer and von der Malsburg is discussed;
	in their scheme, theta is not considered. It is argued that what
	theta provides is the absolute phase reference needed for encoding
	order. Theta/gamma coding therefore bears some relationship to the
	concept of "word" in digital computers, with word length corresponding
	to the number of gamma cycles within a theta cycle, and discrete
	phase corresponding to the ordered "place" within a word.},
  doi = {10.1002/hipo.20121},
  keywords = {Hippocampus, Neuronal-Processing},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pmid = {16161035},
  timestamp = {2008.05.08},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hipo.20121}
}
@article{Lisman03,
  author = {J. Lisman},
  title = {Long-term potentiation: outstanding questions and attempted synthesis
	
	},
  journal = {Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond B: Biological Sciences},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {358},
  pages = {829 - 842 }
}
@article{Lisman99,
  author = {J. Lisman},
  title = {Relating hippocampal circuitry to function: recall of memory sequences
	by reciprocal dentate-CA3 interactions},
  journal = {Neuron},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {22},
  pages = {233-242}
}
@article{Lisman89,
  author = {J. Lisman},
  title = {A mechanism for Hebb and anti-Hebb processes underlying learning
	and memory.},
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}
@article{Lisman05,
  author = {John Lisman and Nelson Spruston},
  title = {Postsynaptic depolarization requirements for {LTP} and {LTD}: a critique
	of spike timing-dependent plasticity},
  journal = {{Nature Neuroscience}},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {8},
  pages = {839--841},
  number = {7},
  keywords = {Plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Lisman01,
  author = {J.E. Lisman and A.M. Zhabotinsky},
  title = {A model of synaptic memory: A \protect{CaMKII/PP1} switch that potentiates
	transmission by organizing an \protect{AMPA} receptor anchoring assembly},
  journal = {Neuron},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {31},
  pages = {191-201}
}
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  title = {The existence of persistent states in the brain},
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  year = {1974},
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  pages = {101-120}
}
@article{Little78,
  author = {W. A. Little and G. L. Shaw},
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}
@article{Liu99,
  author = {Z. Liu},
  title = {Perceptual learning in motion discrimination that generalizes across
	motion directions},
  journal = {PNAS},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {96},
  pages = {14085-14087},
  number = {24},
  keywords = {Perceptual-Learning},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Livet07,
  author = {Livet, Jean and Weissman, Tamily A. and Kang, Hyuno and Draft, Ryan
	W. and Lu, Ju and Bennis, Robyn A. and Sanes, Joshua R. and Lichtman,
	Jeff W.},
  title = {{{T}ransgenic strategies for combinatorial expression of fluorescent
	proteins in the nervour system}},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {450},
  pages = {56--63},
  number = {7166},
  month = {Nov},
  keywords = {various-artists},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Ljunberg92,
  author = {T. Ljunberg and P. Apicella amd W. Schultz},
  title = {Responses of monkey dopamine neurons during learning of behavioral
	interactions},
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  year = {1992},
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  pages = {145-163}
}
@article{Llano91,
  author = {Llano, I and Marty, A and Armstrong, C M and Konnerth, A},
  title = {Synaptic- and agonist-induced excitatory currents of Purkinje cells
	in rat cerebellar slices.},
  journal = {J Physiol},
  year = {1991},
  volume = {434},
  pages = {183--213},
  abstract = {1. Postsynaptic currents originating from activation of the two major
	excitatory inputs to Purkinje cells were studied in thin slices of
	rat cerebellum, using the tight-seal whole-cell recording technique.
	Two types of excitatory postsynaptic currents were analysed: those
	evoked by stimulation of the granule cell-parallel fibre system (PF-EPSC)
	and those elicited by stimulation of the climbing fibres (CF-EPSC).
	2. Both types of postsynaptic currents had a linear current-voltage
	relation, reversing at membrane potentials close to 0 mV. Their time
	course of activation was independent of the membrane potential. 3.
	For both types of postsynaptic currents, the time course of decay
	was well described by a single exponential function, with a time
	constant which increased as the membrane potential was made more
	positive. 4. Postsynaptic currents arising from stimulation of the
	climbing fibre generally had a slightly faster time course of onset
	and decay than those associated with stimulation of the granule cell-parallel
	fibre system. The average values of the 10-90% rise time were 1.8
	+/- 0.4 ms (means +/- S.D., n = 7) for PF-EPSCs and 0.8 +/- 0.3 ms
	(n = 9) for CF-EPSCs. Time constants of decay, at a holding potential
	of -60 mV, had values of 8.3 +/- 1.6 ms (n = 7) and 6.4 +/- 1.1 ms
	(n = 9) for PF-EPSCs and CF-EPSCs respectively. 5. CF-EPSCs and PF-EPSCs
	had the characteristics described above in slices derived from animals
	aged 9-22 days old and 9-15 days old, respectively. The PF-EPSCs
	in animals older than 15 days had very slow time courses and positive
	apparent reversal potentials, suggesting that they originated from
	distal locations, not under accurate voltage control. 6. In order
	to assess the quality of the voltage clamp, responses to hyperpolarizing
	pulses from -70 mV were analysed. The capacitive currents could be
	fitted by the sum of two exponentials, and were interpreted with
	an equivalent electrical circuit comprising two main compartments
	(soma and proximal dendrites on one hand, distal dendrites on the
	other). Analysis of synaptic currents in terms of this model suggested
	that the recorded time course of decay was approximately correct.
	7. CF-EPSCs as well as PF-EPSCs were insensitive to the NMDA receptor
	antagonist 3-3(2-carboxypiperazine-4-yl)propyl-1-phosphonate (CPP),
	but were blocked in a dose-dependent reversible manner by the non-NMDA
	antagonist 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX).(ABSTRACT
	TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)},
  address = {Laboratoire de Neurobiologie, Ecole Normale Superieure, Paris, France.},
  au = {Llano, I and Marty, A and Armstrong, CM and Konnerth, A},
  da = {19910603},
  date-added = {2008-03-28 23:27:20 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-28 23:27:39 +0100},
  dcom = {19910603},
  edat = {1991/03/01},
  gr = {NS12547/NS/United States NINDS},
  issn = {0022-3751 (Print)},
  jid = {0266262},
  jt = {The Journal of physiology},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20071114},
  mh = {6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials/drug effects/*physiology;
	Animals; Bicuculline/pharmacology; Electric Stimulation; Glutamates/*physiology;
	Kainic Acid/pharmacology; Membrane Potentials/physiology; Piperazines/pharmacology;
	Purkinje Cells/drug effects/*physiology; Quinoxalines/pharmacology;
	Quisqualic Acid/pharmacology; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors,
	N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/drug effects/physiology; Receptors, Neurotransmitter/*physiology},
  mhda = {1991/03/01 00:01},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pl = {ENGLAND},
  pmid = {1673717},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support,
	U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.},
  pubm = {Print},
  rn = {0 (Glutamates); 0 (Piperazines); 0 (Quinoxalines); 0 (Receptors, Glutamate);
	0 (Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate); 0 (Receptors, Neurotransmitter);
	100828-16-8 (3-(2-carboxypiperazin-4-yl)propyl-1-phosphonic acid);
	115066-14-3 (6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione); 485-49-4 (Bicuculline);
	487-79-6 (Kainic Acid); 52809-07-1 (Quisqualic Acid)},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {J Physiol. 1991 Mar;434:183-213. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{London05,
  author = {Michael London and Michael H{\"a}usser},
  title = {Dendritic Computation},
  journal = {Annual Reviews of Neuroscience},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {28},
  pages = {503--532},
  keywords = {Neuronal-Processing},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{London01,
  author = {M. London and I. Segev},
  title = {Synaptic scaling in vitro and in vivo},
  journal = {Nature Neuroscience},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {4},
  pages = {853-854}
}
@article{London01a,
  author = {Michael London and Idan Segev and Jeffrey C. Magee and Erik P. Cook},
  title = {Synaptic Scaling in vivo and in vitro},
  journal = {Nature Neuroscience},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {4},
  pages = {853-855},
  number = {9},
  keywords = {Neuronal-Processing},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Longtin93,
  author = {A. Longtin},
  title = {Stochastic Resonance in Neuron Models},
  journal = {J. Stat. Phys.},
  year = {1993},
  volume = {70},
  pages = {309-327}
}
@article{Losonczy08,
  author = {Losonczy, Attila and Makara, Judit K and Magee, Jeffrey C},
  title = {Compartmentalized dendritic plasticity and input feature storage
	in neurons.},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {452},
  pages = {436--441},
  number = {7186},
  abstract = {Although information storage in the central nervous system is thought
	to be primarily mediated by various forms of synaptic plasticity,
	other mechanisms, such as modifications in membrane excitability,
	are available. Local dendritic spikes are nonlinear voltage events
	that are initiated within dendritic branches by spatially clustered
	and temporally synchronous synaptic input. That local spikes selectively
	respond only to appropriately correlated input allows them to function
	as input feature detectors and potentially as powerful information
	storage mechanisms. However, it is currently unknown whether any
	effective form of local dendritic spike plasticity exists. Here we
	show that the coupling between local dendritic spikes and the soma
	of rat hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons can be modified in a branch-specific
	manner through an N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)-dependent
	regulation of dendritic Kv4.2 potassium channels. These data suggest
	that compartmentalized changes in branch excitability could store
	multiple complex features of synaptic input, such as their spatio-temporal
	correlation. We propose that this 'branch strength potentiation'
	represents a previously unknown form of information storage that
	is distinct from that produced by changes in synaptic efficacy both
	at the mechanistic level and in the type of information stored.},
  address = {Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Janelia Farm Research Campus, 19700
	Helix Dr Ashburn, Virginia 20147, USA. losonczya@janelia.hhmi.org},
  au = {Losonczy, A and Makara, JK and Magee, JC},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature06725},
  da = {20080327},
  date-added = {2008-03-30 22:52:05 +0200},
  date-modified = {2008-03-30 22:52:19 +0200},
  doi = {10.1038/nature06725},
  edat = {2008/03/28 09:00},
  issn = {1476-4687 (Electronic)},
  jid = {0410462},
  jt = {Nature},
  language = {eng},
  mhda = {2008/03/28 09:00},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  phst = {2007/10/23 {$[$}received{$]$}; 2008/01/24 {$[$}accepted{$]$}},
  pii = {nature06725},
  pl = {England},
  pmid = {18368112},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article},
  pubm = {Print},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {Nature. 2008 Mar 27;452(7186):436-41. },
  stat = {In-Process},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Lu07,
  author = {J. Lu and C. Li and J.-P. Zhao and Mu-ming Poo and X. Zhang},
  title = {Spike-timing-dependent plasticity of neocortical excitatory synapses
	on ibhibitory interneurons depends on target cell type},
  journal = {J. Neuroscience},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {27},
  pages = {9711-9720}
}
@article{Lu07a,
  author = {Lu, J. and Li, C. and Zhao, J.P. and Poo, M. and Zhang, X.},
  title = {Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity of Neocortical Excitatory Synapses
	on Inhibitory Interneurons Depends on Target Cell Type},
  journal = {Journal of Neuroscience},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {27},
  pages = {9711},
  number = {36},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {Soc Neuroscience},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Ludvig04,
  author = {N. Ludvig and H.M. Tang and B.C. Gohil and J.M. Botero},
  title = {Detecting location-specific neuronal firing rate increases in the
	hippocampus of freely-moving monkeys},
  journal = {Brain Research},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {1014},
  pages = {97--109},
  number = {1--2},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Luksys07,
  author = {G. Luksys and J. Knuesel and D. Sheynikhovich and C. Sandi and W.
	Gerstner},
  title = {Effects of Stress and Genotype on Meta-parameter Dynamics in Reinforcement
	Learning},
  journal = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 19},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {19},
  pages = {937--944}
}
@article{Lytton91,
  author = {W. W. Lytton and T. J. Sejnowsky},
  title = {Simulations of cortical pyramidal neurons synchronized by inhibitory
	interneurons},
  journal = {J. Neurophysiology},
  year = {1991},
  volume = {66},
  pages = {1059-1079}
}
@article{Lorincz00,
  author = {A. L{\"o}rincz and G. Buzs{\'a}ki},
  title = {Two-Phase Computational Model Training Long-Term Memories in the
	Entorhinal-Hippocampal Region},
  journal = {Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {911},
  pages = {83--111},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Hasler00,
  author = {M. Hasler, T. Schimming},
  title = {Chaos communication over noisy channels},
  journal = {Intl. Journal of Bifurcations and Chaos},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {10},
  pages = {719-736},
  annote = {Hasler - paper cited in grant proposal}
}
@article{London02,
  author = {M. London and A. Schreibman and M. H\"ausser and M. E. Larkum and I. Segev},
  title = {The information efficacy of a synapse},
  journal = {Nature Neuroscience},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {4},
  pages = {332-340}
}
@article{Kilgard02,
  author = {M. P. Kilgard and P. K. Pandya and N. D. Engineer and R. Moucha},
  title = {Cortical network reorganization guided by sensory input features},
  journal = {Biol. Cybernetics},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {87},
  pages = {333-343}
}
@article{Mueller88,
  author = {M. M\"uller and R. Wehner},
  title = {{Path integration in desert ants, {\em Cataglyphis fortis}}},
  journal = {Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci.},
  year = {1988},
  volume = {85d},
  pages = {5287--5290}
}
@book{Mueller91,
  title = {Neural networks: An introduction},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
  year = {1991},
  author = {B. M\protect{\"u}ller and J. Reinhard},
  address = {Berlin Heidelberg New York}
}
@article{Maass00,
  author = {W. Maas and T. Nathschl\protect{\"a}ger},
  title = {A model for fast analog computation based on unreliable synapses},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {12},
  pages = {1679-1704}
}
@incollection{Maass95a,
  author = {Wolfgang Maass},
  title = {On the Computational Complexity of networks of spiking neurons},
  booktitle = {Advancs in Neural Information Processing Systems 7},
  publisher = {MIT-Press},
  year = {1995},
  editor = {xxx},
  pages = {183-190}
}
@incollection{Maass98,
  author = {W. Maass},
  title = {Computing with spiking neurons},
  booktitle = {Pulsed Neural Networks},
  publisher = {MIT-Press},
  year = {1998},
  editor = {W. Maass and C.M. Bishop},
  chapter = {2},
  pages = {55-85}
}
@article{Maass96,
  author = {Wolfgang Maass},
  title = {Lower bounds for the computational power of spiking neurons},
  journal = {Neural Comput.},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {8},
  pages = {1-40}
}
@book{Maass98b,
  title = {Pulsed Neural Networks},
  publisher = {MIT-Press},
  year = {1998},
  author = {W. Maass and C. Bishop}
}
@article{Maass02,
  author = {W. Maass and T. Natschl{\"a}ger and H. Markram},
  title = {Real-time computing without stable states: a new framework for neural
	computation based on perturbations},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2002},
  pages = {2531-2560}
}
@book{MacGregor87,
  title = {Neural and Brain Modeling},
  publisher = {Academic Press},
  year = {1987},
  author = {Ronald J. MacGregor},
  address = {San Diego}
}
@article{MacGregor74,
  author = {R. J. MacGregor and R. M. Oliver},
  title = {A model for repetitive firing in neurons},
  journal = {Kybernetik},
  year = {1974},
  volume = {16},
  pages = {53-64}
}
@article{MacKay90,
  author = {D. J. C. MacKay and K. D. Miller},
  title = {Analysis of Linsker's application of Hebbian rules to linear networks},
  journal = {Network},
  year = {1990},
  volume = {1},
  pages = {257-297}
}
@article{MacKay52,
  author = {D. M. MacKay and W. S. McCulloch},
  title = {The limiting information capacity of a neuronal link.},
  journal = {Bull. of Mathm. Biophysics},
  year = {1952},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {127--135}
}
@article{Mackintosh75,
  author = {N. J. Mackintosh},
  title = {A theory of attention: variations in the associability of stimulus
	with reinforcement},
  journal = {Psychol. Rev.},
  year = {1975},
  volume = {82},
  pages = {276-298}
}
@article{Magee99,
  author = {Magee, J C},
  title = {Dendritic lh normalizes temporal summation in hippocampal CA1 neurons.},
  journal = {Nat Neurosci},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {2},
  pages = {508--514},
  number = {6},
  abstract = {Most mammalian central neurons receive synaptic input over complicated
	dendritic arbors. Therefore, timing of synaptic information should
	vary with synapse location. However, I report that temporal summation
	at CA1 pyramidal somata does not depend on the location of synaptic
	input. This spatial normalization of temporal integration requires
	a dendritic hyperpolarization-activated current (lh). Shaping of
	synaptic activity by deactivating a nonuniform lh could counterbalance
	filtering by dendrites and effectively remove location-dependent
	variability in temporal integration, thus enhancing synchronization
	of neuronal populations and functional capabilities of the hippocampal
	CA1 region.},
  address = {Neuroscience Center, Louisiana State University Medical Center, 2020
	Gravier St., New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA. jmagee@lsumc.edu},
  au = {Magee, JC},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/9158},
  da = {19990902},
  date-added = {2008-03-28 23:31:38 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-28 23:31:41 +0100},
  dcom = {19990902},
  doi = {10.1038/9158},
  edat = {1999/08/17 10:00},
  gr = {NS35865/NS/United States NINDS},
  issn = {1097-6256 (Print)},
  jid = {9809671},
  jt = {Nature neuroscience},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20071114},
  mh = {Animals; Dendrites/*physiology; Electric Conductivity; Electric Stimulation;
	Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials/physiology; Hippocampus/cytology/*physiology;
	Neurons/*physiology; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synapses/physiology;
	Time Factors},
  mhda = {2001/03/23 10:01},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pl = {UNITED STATES},
  pmid = {10448214},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support,
	U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.},
  pubm = {Print},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {Nat Neurosci. 1999 Jun;2(6):508-14. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Magee00,
  author = {J. C. Magee and E. P. Cook},
  title = {Somatic EPSP amplitude is independent of synapse location in hippocampal
	pyramidal neurons},
  journal = {Nature Neuroscience},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {895-903}
}
@article{Magee00a,
  author = {Jeffrey C. Magee and Erik P. Cook},
  title = {Somatic {EPSP} amplitude is independent of synapse location in hippocampal
	pyramidal neurons},
  journal = {Nature Neuroscience},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {895--903},
  number = {9},
  keywords = {Neuronal-Processing},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Magee05,
  author = {Jeffrey C. Magee and Daniel Johnston},
  title = {Plasticity of dendritic function},
  journal = {Current Opinion in Neurobiology},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {15},
  pages = {334--342},
  keywords = {Neuronal-Processing, Plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Magee97,
  author = {J. C. Magee and D. Johnston},
  title = {A synaptically controlled associative signal for Hebbian plastiticy
	in hippocampal neurons},
  journal = {Science},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {275},
  pages = {209-213}
}
@article{Magee97a,
  author = {Jeffrey C. Magee and Daniel Johnston},
  title = {A Synaptically Controlled, Associative Signal for Hebbian Plasticity
	in Hippocampal Neurons},
  journal = {Science},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {275},
  pages = {209--213},
  keywords = {Plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{Magnus88,
  title = {Matrix Differential Calculus with Applications in Statistics and
	Econometrics},
  publisher = {Wiley},
  year = {1988},
  author = {J. R. Magnus and H. Neudecker},
  address = {New York},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Maguire98,
  author = {E.A. Maguire and N. Burgess and J.G. Donnet and R.S. J. Frackowiak
	and C.D. Frith and J. O'Keefe},
  title = {{Knowing where and getting there: A human navigation network}},
  journal = {Science},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {280},
  pages = {921--924}
}
@article{Mainen95b,
  author = {Mainen, Z F and Joerges, J and Huguenard, J R and Sejnowski, T J},
  title = {A model of spike initiation in neocortical pyramidal neurons.},
  journal = {Neuron},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {15},
  pages = {1427--1439},
  number = {6},
  abstract = {Neocortical pyramidal cells possess voltage-dependent dendritic sodium
	channels that promote propagation of action potentials into the dendritic
	tree but paradoxically may fail to originate dendritic spikes. A
	biophysical model was constructed to reconcile these observations
	with known anatomical and physiological properties. When dendritic
	and somatic sodium channel densities compatible with electrophysiological
	measurements were combined with much higher densities in the axon
	initial segment then, regardless of the site of stimulation, spikes
	initiated at the initial segment and subsequently invaded the dendrites.
	The lower initial segment threshold arose from high current density
	and electrical isolation from the soma. Failure of dendritic channels
	to initiate spikes was due to inactivation and source-load considerations,
	which were more favorable for conduction of back-propagated spikes.},
  address = {Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Computational Neurobiology Laboratory,
	Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037,
	USA.},
  au = {Mainen, ZF and Joerges, J and Huguenard, JR and Sejnowski, TJ},
  da = {19961021},
  date-added = {2007-12-12 19:58:32 +0100},
  date-modified = {2007-12-12 19:58:53 +0100},
  dcom = {19961021},
  edat = {1995/12/01},
  gr = {NS06477/NS/United States NINDS; NS12151/NS/United States NINDS},
  issn = {0896-6273 (Print)},
  jid = {8809320},
  jt = {Neuron},
  keywords = {Action Potentials; Animals; Axons/physiology; Dendrites/physiology;
	Models, Neurological; Pyramidal Cells/*physiology; Rats},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20071114},
  mhda = {1995/12/01 00:01},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pii = {0896-6273(95)90020-9},
  pl = {UNITED STATES},
  pmid = {8845165},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support,
	U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.},
  pubm = {Print},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {Neuron. 1995 Dec;15(6):1427-39. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Mainen96,
  author = {Z. F. Mainen and Terrence J. Sejnowski},
  title = {Influence of dendritic structure on firing pattern in model neocortical
	neurons},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {382},
  pages = {363-366}
}
@article{Mainen96a,
  author = {Mainen, Z F and Sejnowski, T J},
  title = {Influence of dendritic structure on firing pattern in model neocortical
	neurons.},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {382},
  pages = {363--366},
  number = {6589},
  abstract = {Neocortical neurons display a wide range of dendritic morphologies,
	ranging from compact arborizations to highly elaborate branching
	patterns. In vitro electrical recordings from these neurons have
	revealed a correspondingly diverse range of intrinsic firing patterns,
	including non-adapting, adapting and bursting types. This heterogeneity
	of electrical responsivity has generally been attributed to variability
	in the types and densities of ionic channels. We show here, using
	compartmental models of reconstructed cortical neurons, that an entire
	spectrum of firing patterns can be reproduced in a set of neurons
	that share a common distribution of ion channels and differ only
	in their dendritic geometry. The essential behaviour of the model
	depends on partial electrical coupling of fast active conductances
	localized to the soma and axon and slow active currents located throughout
	the dendrites, and can be reproduced in a two-compartment model.
	The results suggest a causal relationship for the observed correlations
	between dendritic structure and firing properties and emphasize the
	importance of active dendritic conductances in neuronal function.},
  address = {Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Computational Neurobiology Laboratory,
	Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037,
	USA.},
  au = {Mainen, ZF and Sejnowski, TJ},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/382363a0},
  da = {19960820},
  date-added = {2008-03-28 23:26:24 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-28 23:26:30 +0100},
  dcom = {19960820},
  doi = {10.1038/382363a0},
  edat = {1996/07/25},
  issn = {0028-0836 (Print)},
  jid = {0410462},
  jt = {Nature},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20061115},
  mh = {Action Potentials; Calcium Channels/metabolism; Cerebral Cortex/*cytology/physiology;
	Dendrites/*physiology; Models, Neurological; Neurons/cytology/*physiology;
	Potassium Channels/metabolism},
  mhda = {1996/07/25 00:01},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pl = {ENGLAND},
  pmid = {8684467},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't},
  pubm = {Print},
  rn = {0 (Calcium Channels); 0 (Potassium Channels)},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {Nature. 1996 Jul 25;382(6589):363-6. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Mainen95,
  author = {Z. F. Mainen and Terrence J. Sejnowski},
  title = {Reliability of Spike Timing in Neocortical Neurons},
  journal = {Science},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {268},
  pages = {1503-1506}
}
@article{Mainen95a,
  author = {Mainen, Z F and Sejnowski, T J},
  title = {Reliability of spike timing in neocortical neurons.},
  journal = {Science},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {268},
  pages = {1503--1506},
  number = {5216},
  abstract = {It is not known whether the variability of neural activity in the
	cerebral cortex carries information or reflects noisy underlying
	mechanisms. In an examination of the reliability of spike generation
	using recordings from neurons in rat neocortical slices, the precision
	of spike timing was found to depend on stimulus transients. Constant
	stimuli led to imprecise spike trains, whereas stimuli with fluctuations
	resembling synaptic activity produced spike trains with timing reproducible
	to less than 1 millisecond. These data suggest a low intrinsic noise
	level in spike generation, which could allow cortical neurons to
	accurately transform synaptic input into spike sequences, supporting
	a possible role for spike timing in the processing of cortical information
	by the neocortex.},
  address = {Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Salk Institute for Biological Studies,
	La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.},
  au = {Mainen, ZF and Sejnowski, TJ},
  da = {19950705},
  date-added = {2008-03-28 23:26:24 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-28 23:26:36 +0100},
  dcom = {19950705},
  edat = {1995/06/09},
  issn = {0036-8075 (Print)},
  jid = {0404511},
  jt = {Science (New York, N.Y.)},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20070319},
  mh = {Animals; Electric Stimulation; *Evoked Potentials; Neurons/*physiology;
	Occipital Lobe/cytology/*physiology; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley;
	*Synaptic Transmission},
  mhda = {1995/06/09 00:01},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pl = {UNITED STATES},
  pmid = {7770778},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {In Vitro; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't},
  pubm = {Print},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {Science. 1995 Jun 9;268(5216):1503-6. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Maistrenko00,
  author = {Y. Maistrenko and O. Popovych and M. Hasler},
  title = {On strong and weak chaotic partial synchronization},
  journal = {Journal of Bifurcations and Chaos},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {10},
  pages = {179-203},
  annote = {Hasler - paper cited in grant proposal}
}
@article{Malenka99a,
  author = {Malenka, R.C. and Nicoll, R.A.},
  title = {{Long-Term Potentiation--A Decade of Progress?}},
  journal = {Science},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {285},
  pages = {1870--1874},
  number = {5435},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Malenka04,
  author = {Robert C. Malenka and Mark F. Bear},
  title = {{LTP} and {LTD}: An Embarassment of Riches},
  journal = {Neuron},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {44},
  pages = {5--21},
  keywords = {Plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Malenka89,
  author = {R. C. Malenka and J. A. Kauer and D. J. Perkel and M. D. Mauk and
	P. T. Kelly},
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	activity in long-term potentiation},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {1989},
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  pages = {554-557}
}
@article{Malenka88,
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	synaptic transmission},
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}
@article{Malenka92,
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	the induction of long-term potentiation. 
	
	},
  journal = {Neuron},
  year = {1992},
  volume = {9},
  pages = {121-128}
}
@article{Malenka99,
  author = {R. C. Malenka and R. A. Nicoll},
  title = {Long-Term Potentiation--A Decade of Progress? },
  journal = {Science},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {285},
  pages = {1870-1874}
}
@article{Malenka93,
  author = {R. C. Malenka and R. A. Nicoll},
  title = {NMDA-receptor-dependent plasticity: multiple forms and mechanisms},
  journal = {Trends Neurosci.},
  year = {1993},
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  pages = {480-487}
}
@article{Malinow03,
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  title = {AMPA receptor trafficking and long-term potentiation},
  journal = {Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond B: Biological Sciences},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {358},
  pages = {707 - 714}
}
@article{Malinow86,
  author = {R. Malinow and J. P. Miller},
  title = {Synaptic hyperpolarization during conditioning reversibly blocks
	induction of long-term potentiation.},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {1986},
  volume = {320},
  pages = {529--530}
}
@article{Malinow89,
  author = {R. Malinow and H. Schulman and R. W. Tsien},
  title = {Inhibition of postsynaptic {PKC} or {CaMKII} blocks induction but
	not expression of LTP},
  journal = {Science},
  year = {1989},
  volume = {245},
  pages = {862-866}
}
@article{Mallot00,
  author = {H. A. Mallot and S. Gillner},
  title = {Route navigation without place recognition: What is recognized in
	recognition--triggered responses?},
  journal = {Perception},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {29},
  pages = {43-45}
}
@inproceedings{Malsburg94,
  author = {C. von der Malsburg},
  title = {The correltaion theory of brain function.},
  booktitle = {Models of neural networks II},
  year = {1994},
  editor = {E. Domany and J. L. van Hemmen and K. Schulten},
  pages = {95-119},
  address = {New York},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
  anote = {chap. 2}
}
@inproceedings{Malsburg86b,
  author = {C. von der Malsburg},
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  booktitle = {Brain theory},
  year = {1986},
  editor = {G. Palm and A. Aertsen},
  pages = {161-176},
  address = {Berlin Heidelberg New York},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag}
}
@techreport{Malsburg81,
  author = {C. von~der~Malsburg},
  title = {The correlation theory of brain function.},
  institution = {MPI f\protect{\"{u}}r Biophysikalische Chemie},
  year = {1981},
  type = {Internal Report},
  number = {81-2},
  address = {G\protect{\"{o}}ttingen},
  note = {Reprinted in Models of Neural Networks II, Domany et al. (Eds.),
	Springer, 1994, pp.95-119}
}
@article{Malsburg73,
  author = {C. von der Malsburg},
  title = {Self-organization of orientation selective cells in the striate cortex},
  journal = {Kybernetik},
  year = {1973},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {85-100}
}
@article{Malsburg92,
  author = {C. von der Malsburg and J. Buhmann},
  title = {Sensory segmentation with coupled neural oscillators.},
  journal = {Biol. Cybern.},
  year = {1992},
  volume = {67},
  pages = {233--242}
}
@article{Malsburg86,
  author = {C. von der Malsburg and W. Schneider},
  title = {A neural cocktail--party processor.},
  journal = {Biol. Cybern.},
  year = {1986},
  volume = {54},
  pages = {29--40}
}
@article{Manis91,
  author = {P. B. Manis and S. O. Marx},
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}
@article{Manwani99a,
  author = {A. Manwani and C. Koch},
  title = {Detecting and Estimating Signals in Noisy Cable Structures, {I}:
	Neuronal Noise Sources},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {11},
  pages = {1797--1829},
  comment = {Detailed analysis of different noise sources in spectral domain, attempting
	to estimate influence on passive cable. First derive multiplicative
	noise model, but then reduce to leaky intgrator for tractability.},
  subject = {Theoretical neuroscience},
  topic = {Cable theory, information theory, noise sources, shot noise, synaptic
	noise, channel noise}
}
@article{Manwani99b,
  author = {A. Manwani and C. Koch},
  title = {Detecting and Estimating Signals in Noisy Cable Structures, {II}:
	Information Theoretical Analysis},
  journal = {NEURAL COMPUTATION},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {11},
  pages = {1831--1873},
  comment = {Sequel to Manw:1999(1797). On basis of those results now look at signal
	estimation and detection properties of cables. Suggest that dendrites
	must have nonlinear mechanisms to maintain decent SNR along cable,
	but that SNR loss may also limit length of dendrites.},
  subject = {Stochastic Processes},
  topic = {Simulation, stochastic differential equation, colored noise, white
	noise, Gaussian noise, nonlinear SDE, signal estimation, signal detection}
}
@article{Mar99,
  author = {E. J. Mar and C. C. Chow and W. Gerstner and R.W. Adams and J.J.Collins},
  title = {Noise-shaping in populations of coupled model neurons},
  journal = {Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {96},
  pages = {10450-10455}
}
@article{Marcus89a,
  author = {C. M. Marcus and R. M. Westervelt},
  title = {Stability of analog neural networks with delays},
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  year = {1989},
  volume = {39},
  pages = {347--359}
}
@article{Marcus89b,
  author = {C. M. Marcus and R. M. Westervelt},
  title = {Dynamics of iterated map networks},
  journal = {Phys.~Rev. A},
  year = {1989},
  volume = {40},
  pages = {501--504}
}
@article{Markram06,
  author = {Markram, Henry},
  title = {The blue brain project.},
  journal = {Nat Rev Neurosci},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {7},
  pages = {153--160},
  number = {2},
  abstract = {IBM's Blue Gene supercomputer allows a quantum leap in the level of
	detail at which the brain can be modelled. I argue that the time
	is right to begin assimilating the wealth of data that has been accumulated
	over the past century and start building biologically accurate models
	of the brain from first principles to aid our understanding of brain
	function and dysfunction.},
  address = {Laboratory of Neural Microcircuitry, Brain Mind Institute, Ecole
	Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland. henry.markram@epfl.ch},
  au = {Markram, H},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrn1848},
  da = {20060123},
  date-added = {2007-12-05 18:23:13 +0100},
  date-modified = {2007-12-05 18:23:29 +0100},
  dcom = {20060330},
  doi = {10.1038/nrn1848},
  edat = {2006/01/24 09:00},
  issn = {1471-003X (Print)},
  jid = {100962781},
  jt = {Nature reviews. Neuroscience},
  keywords = {Animals; *Brain; Humans; *Models, Neurological; *Neural Networks (Computer);
	Quantum Theory},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20061115},
  mhda = {2006/03/31 09:00},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pii = {nrn1848},
  pl = {England},
  pmid = {16429124},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; Review},
  pubm = {Print},
  rf = {45},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {Nat Rev Neurosci. 2006 Feb;7(2):153-60. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Markram97,
  author = {H. Markram and J. L\protect{\"u}bke and M. Frotscher and B. Sakmann},
  title = {Regulation of synaptic efficacy by coincidence of postysnaptic {AP}
	and {EPSP}},
  journal = {Science},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {275},
  pages = {213-215}
}
@article{Markram97c,
  author = {Henry Markram and Joachim L{\"u}bke and Michael Frotscher and Bert
	Sakmann},
  title = {Regulation of Synaptic Efficacy by Coincidence of Postsynaptic {AP}s
	and {EPSP}s},
  journal = {Science},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {275},
  pages = {213--215},
  keywords = {Plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Markram97d,
  author = {Markram, H. and L{\"u}bke, J. and Frotscher, M. and Sakmann, B.},
  title = {{Regulation of Synaptic Efficacy by Coincidence of Postsynaptic APs
	and EPSPs}},
  journal = {Science},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {275},
  pages = {213--215},
  number = {5297},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Markram95,
  author = {H. Markram and B. Sakmann},
  title = {Action potentials propagating back into dendrites trigger changes
	in efficacy of single-axon synapses between layer V pyramidal neurons},
  journal = {Soc. Neurosci. Abstr.},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {21},
  pages = {2007},
  number = {3}
}
@article{Markram04,
  author = {H. Markram and M. Toledo-Rodrgiguez and Yun Wang and A. Gupta and
	G. Silberberg and C. Wu},
  title = {Interneurons of the neocortical inhibitory system},
  journal = {Nature Review Neuroscienc},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {5},
  pages = {793-807}
}
@article{Markram04a,
  author = {Markram, Henry and Toledo-Rodriguez, Maria and Wang, Yun and Gupta,
	Anirudh and Silberberg, Gilad and Wu, Caizhi},
  title = {Interneurons of the neocortical inhibitory system.},
  journal = {Nat Rev Neurosci},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {5},
  pages = {793--807},
  number = {10},
  abstract = {Mammals adapt to a rapidly changing world because of the sophisticated
	cognitive functions that are supported by the neocortex. The neocortex,
	which forms almost 80% of the human brain, seems to have arisen from
	repeated duplication of a stereotypical microcircuit template with
	subtle specializations for different brain regions and species. The
	quest to unravel the blueprint of this template started more than
	a century ago and has revealed an immensely intricate design. The
	largest obstacle is the daunting variety of inhibitory interneurons
	that are found in the circuit. This review focuses on the organizing
	principles that govern the diversity of inhibitory interneurons and
	their circuits.},
  address = {Laboratory of Neural Microcircuitry, Brain Mind Institute, Ecole
	Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. Henry.markram@epfl.ch},
  au = {Markram, H and Toledo-Rodriguez, M and Wang, Y and Gupta, A and Silberberg,
	G and Wu, C},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrn1519},
  da = {20040920},
  date-added = {2007-12-05 18:23:13 +0100},
  date-modified = {2007-12-05 18:24:35 +0100},
  dcom = {20041116},
  doi = {10.1038/nrn1519},
  edat = {2004/09/21 05:00},
  issn = {1471-003X (Print)},
  jid = {100962781},
  jt = {Nature reviews. Neuroscience},
  keywords = {Animals; Axons/physiology; Calcium-Binding Proteins/metabolism; Dendrites/physiology;
	Electrophysiology/methods; Humans; Interneurons/classification/cytology/*physiology;
	Ion Channels/physiology; Membrane Potentials/physiology; Neocortex/*cytology;
	Nerve Net/cytology/physiology; Neural Inhibition/*physiology; Neurons/classification/cytology/physiology;
	Neuropeptides/metabolism; Synapses/classification/physiology; Synaptic
	Transmission/physiology},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20061115},
  mhda = {2004/11/17 09:00},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pii = {nrn1519},
  pl = {England},
  pmid = {15378039},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support,
	U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; Review},
  pubm = {Print},
  rf = {167},
  rn = {0 (Calcium-Binding Proteins); 0 (Ion Channels); 0 (Neuropeptides)},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {Nat Rev Neurosci. 2004 Oct;5(10):793-807. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@incollection{Markram97b,
  author = {H. Markram and M. Tsodyks},
  title = {The information content of action potential trains: a synaptic basis},
  booktitle = {Artificial Neural Networks - ICANN'97},
  publisher = {Springer},
  year = {1997},
  editor = {W. Gerstner and A. Germond and M. Hasler and J.-d. Nicoud},
  series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 1327}
}
@article{Markram97a,
  author = {Henry Markram and Misha Tsodyks},
  title = {Redistribution of synaptic efficacy between neocortical pyramidal
	neurons},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {382},
  pages = {807--810},
  keywords = {Plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Markram96,
  author = {H. Markram and M. Tsodyks},
  title = {Redistribution of synaptic efficacy between neocortical pyramidal
	neurons},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {382},
  pages = {807-810},
  anote = {for the algorithm see the paper Markram98a}
}
@article{Markram98a,
  author = {H. Markram and Y. Wu and M. Tosdyks},
  title = {Differential signaling via the same axon of neocortical pyramidal
	neurons},
  journal = {Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {95},
  pages = {5323-5328}
}
@article{Markus95,
  author = {E. J. Markus and Y. L. Qin and B. Leonard and W. E. Skaggs and B.
	L. McNaughton and C. A. Barnes},
  title = {Interactions between location and task affect the spatial and directional
	firing of hippocampal neurons},
  journal = {Journal of Neuroscience},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {15},
  pages = {7079--7094},
  number = {11},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Marsalek97,
  author = {P. Mars{a}lek and C. Koch and J. Maunsell},
  title = {On the relationship between synaptic input and spike output jitter
	in individual neurons},
  journal = {Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {94},
  pages = {735--740},
  annote = {time coding, spike precision}
}
@article{Martinez-Conde04,
  author = {Martinez-Conde, Susana and Macknik, Stephen L and Hubel, David H},
  title = {The role of fixational eye movements in visual perception.},
  journal = {Nature Reviews Neuroscience},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {5},
  pages = {229--240},
  number = {3},
  month = {Mar},
  keywords = {Vision,Vision-Physiology},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrn1348}
}
@article{Mascaro99,
  author = {M. Mascaro and D. J. Amit},
  title = {Effective neural response function for collective population states},
  journal = {Network},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {10},
  pages = {351-373}
}
@article{Masquelier08,
  author = {Timothée Masquelier and Rudy Guyonneau and Simon J Thorpe},
  title = {Spike timing dependent plasticity finds the start of repeating patterns
	in continuous spike trains.},
  journal = {PLoS ONE},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {e1377},
  number = {1},
  abstract = {Experimental studies have observed Long Term synaptic Potentiation
	(LTP) when a presynaptic neuron fires shortly before a postsynaptic
	neuron, and Long Term Depression (LTD) when the presynaptic neuron
	fires shortly after, a phenomenon known as Spike Timing Dependant
	Plasticity (STDP). When a neuron is presented successively with discrete
	volleys of input spikes STDP has been shown to learn 'early spike
	patterns', that is to concentrate synaptic weights on afferents that
	consistently fire early, with the result that the postsynaptic spike
	latency decreases, until it reaches a minimal and stable value. Here,
	we show that these results still stand in a continuous regime where
	afferents fire continuously with a constant population rate. As such,
	STDP is able to solve a very difficult computational problem: to
	localize a repeating spatio-temporal spike pattern embedded in equally
	dense 'distractor' spike trains. STDP thus enables some form of temporal
	coding, even in the absence of an explicit time reference. Given
	that the mechanism exposed here is simple and cheap it is hard to
	believe that the brain did not evolve to use it.},
  doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0001377},
  keywords = {plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pmid = {18167538},
  timestamp = {2008.04.16},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0001377}
}
@article{Masuda07,
  author = {Masuda, N. and Kori, H.},
  title = {{Formation of feedforward networks and frequency synchrony by spike-timing-dependent
	plasticity}},
  journal = {Journal of Computational Neuroscience},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {22},
  pages = {327--345},
  number = {3},
  keywords = {plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {Springer},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@inproceedings{Matas00barcelona,
  author = {J. Matas and M. Hamouz and K. Jonsson and J. Kittler and Y. Li and
	C. Kotropoulos and A. Tefas and I. Pitas and T. Tan and H. Yan and
	F. Smeraldi and J. Big\"un and N. Capdevielle and W. Gerstner and
	S. Ben-Yacoub and Y. Abdeljaoued and E. Mayoraz},
  title = {Comparison of face verification results on the {XM2VTS} database},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Pattern Recognition,
	Barcelona (Spain), September 2000},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {4},
  pages = {858--863},
  month = {September},
  publisher = {IEEE Comp. Soc. Order No. PR00750}
}
@article{Mato96,
  author = {G. Mato and H. Sompolinski},
  title = {Neural network models of perceptual learning of angle discrimination},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {8},
  pages = {270-299},
  keywords = {Perceptual-Learning},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Matsumoto02,
  author = {N. Matsumoto and M. Okada},
  title = {Self-regulation mechanism of temporally asymmetric {H}ebbian plasticity},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {2883-2902},
  annote = {Time window with integral zero, used in an associative memory for
	spatio-temporal patterns, mathematical analysis of storage capacity}
}
@article{Matthews99,
  author = {N. Matthews and Z. Liu and B. J. Geesaman and N. Qyan},
  title = {Perceptual learning on orientation and direction discrimination},
  journal = {Vision Research},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {39},
  pages = {3692-3701},
  keywords = {Perceptual-Learning},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Matthews01,
  author = {N. Matthews and Z. Liu and N. Qian},
  title = {The effect of orientation learning on contrast sensitivity},
  journal = {Vision Research},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {41},
  pages = {463-471},
  keywords = {Perceptual-Learning},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Matthews97,
  author = {N. Matthews and L. Welch},
  title = {Velocity-dependent improvements in single-dot direction discrimination},
  journal = {Perception and Psychophysics},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {59},
  pages = {60-72},
  keywords = {Perceptual-Learning},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Mattia02,
  author = {M. Mattia and P. {Del Giudice}},
  title = {On the population dynamics of interacting spiking neurons},
  journal = {Phys. Rev. E},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {xx},
  pages = {xx}
}
@article{Mattia00,
  author = {M. Mattia and P. {Del Guidice}},
  title = {Efficient event-driven simulation of large networks of spiking neurons
	and dynamical synapses},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {12},
  pages = {2305-2329}
}
@article{Mauro70,
  author = {Mauro, A and Conti, F and Dodge, F and Schor, R},
  title = {Subthreshold behavior and phenomenological impedance of the squid
	giant axon.},
  journal = {J Gen Physiol},
  year = {1970},
  volume = {55},
  pages = {497--523},
  number = {4},
  au = {Mauro, A and Conti, F and Dodge, F and Schor, R},
  da = {19700505},
  date-added = {2008-03-14 16:50:44 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-14 16:50:45 +0100},
  dcom = {19700505},
  edat = {1970/04/01},
  issn = {0022-1295 (Print)},
  jid = {2985110R},
  jt = {The Journal of general physiology},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20031114},
  mh = {Animals; Axons/*physiology; *Membrane Potentials; Models, Neurological;
	Mollusca; *Neural Conduction; Potassium/physiology; Sodium/physiology},
  mhda = {1970/04/01 00:01},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pl = {UNITED STATES},
  pmid = {5435782},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article},
  pubm = {Print},
  rn = {7440-09-7 (Potassium); 7440-23-5 (Sodium)},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {J Gen Physiol. 1970 Apr;55(4):497-523. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Mayer84,
  author = {M. L. Mayer and G. L. Westbrook and P. B. Guthrie},
  title = {Voltage-dependent block by {$Mg^{2+}$} of NMDA responses in spinal
	cord neurones},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {1984},
  volume = {309},
  pages = {261-263}
}
@inproceedings{Mayor03,
  author = {J. Mayor and W. Gerstner},
  title = {Online processing of multiple inputs in a sparsely-connected recurrent
	neural network},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Joint International Conference ICANN/ICONIP 2003},
  year = {2003},
  editor = {O. Kaynak and E. Alpaydin and E. Oja and L. Xu},
  pages = {839-845},
  address = {Heidelberg},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag }
}
@article{Mayor05a,
  author = {J. Mayor and W. Gerstner},
  title = {Signal buffering in random networks of spiking neurons: microscopic
	vs. macroscopic phenomena},
  journal = {Phys. Rev. E},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {72},
  pages = {051906}
}
@article{Mayor04,
  author = {J. Mayor and W. Gerstner},
  title = {Transient information flow in a network of excitatory and inhibitory
	model neurons: role of noise and signal autocorrelation},
  journal = {Journal of Physiology (Paris)},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {98},
  pages = {417-428}
}
@article{Mayor05b,
  author = {J. Mayor and W. Gerstner},
  title = {Noise-enhanced computation in a model of a cortical column},
  journal = {Neuroreport},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {16},
  pages = {1237-1240}
}
@article{Mazurek02,
  author = {M.E. Mazurek and M.N. Shadlen},
  title = {Limits to the temporal fidelity of cortical spike rate signals},
  journal = {Nature Neuroscience},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {5},
  pages = {463-471}
}
@article{McClelland95,
  author = {J. L. McClelland and B. L. O'Reilly and R. C. McNaughton},
  title = {Why there are Complementary Learning Systems in the Hippocampus and
	Neocortex: Insights from the Successes and Failures of Connectionist
	Models of Learning and Memory},
  journal = {Psychological Review},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {102},
  pages = {419--457},
  number = {3},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@inproceedings{McCormick90,
  author = {D. A. McCormick},
  title = {Membrane properties and neurotransmitter actions.},
  booktitle = {The synaptic organization of the brain.},
  year = {1990},
  editor = {Sheperd GM},
  address = {Oxford},
  publisher = {Oxford Univ. Press},
  edition = {3rd}
}
@article{McCormick93,
  author = {McCormick, D A and Wang, Z and Huguenard, J},
  title = {Neurotransmitter control of neocortical neuronal activity and excitability.},
  journal = {Cereb Cortex},
  year = {1993},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {387--398},
  number = {5},
  abstract = {The pattern of activity and excitability of cortical neurons and neuronal
	circuits is dependent upon the interaction between glutamatergic
	and GABAergic fast-activating transmitter systems as well as the
	state of the more slowly acting transmitters such as ACh, norepinephrine,
	5-HT, and histamine. Through the activation of GABAA receptors, GABAergic
	neurons regulate the amplitude and duration of EPSPs and, in so doing,
	control the level of functional activation of NMDA receptors. In
	contrast, activation of muscarinic, adrenergic, serotoninergic, histaminergic,
	and glutamate metabotropic receptors controls the excitability and
	pattern of action potential generation in identified pyramidal cells
	through increases or decreases in various K+ conductances. Activation
	of muscarinic, alpha 1-adrenergic, or glutamate metabotropic receptors
	on layer V burst-generating corticotectal or corticopontine neurons
	results in depolarization through a reduction in a K+ conductance
	and a switch in the firing mode from repetitive burst firing to single-spike
	activity. In contrast, activation of muscarinic, beta-adrenergic,
	H2-histaminergic, and serotoninergic receptors on regular-spiking
	layer II/III, V, and/or VI corticogeniculate pyramidal cells results
	in a decrease in spike frequency adaptation and increased responsiveness
	to depolarizing inputs through a reduction in a slow Ca(2+)-activated
	K+ current IAHP, and/or a voltage-dependent K+ current, IM. Through
	these, and other, mechanisms the spatial and temporal pattern of
	activity generated in cortical circuits is regulated by both intracortical
	and extracortical neurotransmitter systems.},
  address = {Section of Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New
	Haven, Connecticut 06510.},
  au = {McCormick, DA and Wang, Z and Huguenard, J},
  da = {19940125},
  date-added = {2008-03-14 14:48:21 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-14 14:49:10 +0100},
  dcom = {19940125},
  edat = {1993/09/01},
  issn = {1047-3211 (Print)},
  jid = {9110718},
  jt = {Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20061115},
  mh = {Animals; Cerebral Cortex/cytology/drug effects/*physiology; Guinea
	Pigs; Humans; Models, Neurological; Neurons/drug effects/*physiology;
	Neurotransmitter Agents/*physiology; Pyramidal Cells/drug effects/physiology;
	Receptors, GABA-A/drug effects/physiology; Receptors, GABA-B/drug
	effects/physiology; Receptors, Neurotransmitter/drug effects/physiology;
	gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/physiology},
  mhda = {1993/09/01 00:01},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pl = {UNITED STATES},
  pmid = {7903176},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {In Vitro; Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.},
  pubm = {Print},
  rn = {0 (Neurotransmitter Agents); 0 (Receptors, GABA-A); 0 (Receptors,
	GABA-B); 0 (Receptors, Neurotransmitter); 56-12-2 (gamma-Aminobutyric
	Acid)},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {Cereb Cortex. 1993 Sep-Oct;3(5):387-98. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{McCormick07,
  author = {D.A. McCormick and Y. Shu1 and Yuguo Yu},
  title = {Neurophysiology: Hodgkin and Huxley model ? still standing?},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {445},
  pages = {E1-E2}
}
@article{McCulloch43,
  author = {W. S. McCulloch and W. Pitts},
  title = {A logical calculus of ideas immanent in nervous activity},
  journal = {Bulletin of mathematical Biophys.},
  year = {1943},
  volume = {5},
  pages = {115--133}
}
@article{McLaughlin05,
  author = {McLaughlin, T. and O'Leary, DD},
  title = {{Molecular gradients and development of retinotopic maps}},
  journal = {Annual Reviews of Neuroscience},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {28},
  pages = {327--355},
  keywords = {Vision,Vision-Physiology},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {Annual Reviews},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{McNamara89,
  author = {B. McNamara and K. Wiesenfeld},
  title = {Theory of stochastic resonance},
  journal = {Physical Review A},
  year = {1989},
  volume = {39},
  pages = {4854--4869}
}
@article{McNaughton96,
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	M.W. Jung and J.J. Knierim and H. Kudrimoti and Y. Qin and W.E. Skaggs
	and M. Suster and K.L. Weaver },
  title = {Deciphering the hippocampal polyglot: the hippocampus as a path integration
	system},
  journal = {J. Experimental Biology},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {199},
  pages = {173-185}
}
@article{McNaughton96a,
  author = {B.L. McNaughton and C.A. Barnes and J.L. Gerrard and K. Gothard and
	M.W. Jung and J.J. Knierim and H. Kudrimoti and Y. Qin and W.E. Skaggs
	and M. Suster and K.L. Weaver},
  title = {Deciphering the hippocampal polyglot: the hippocampus as a path integration
	system},
  journal = {Journal of Experimental Biology},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {199},
  pages = {173--85},
  number = {1},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{McNaughton83,
  author = {B.L. McNaughton and C.A. Barnes and J. O'Keefe},
  title = {{The contributions of position, direction, and velocity to single
	unit activity in the hippocampus of freely-moving rats}},
  journal = {Experimental Brain Research},
  year = {1983},
  volume = {52},
  pages = {41--49}
}
@article{McNaughton91,
  author = {B.L. McNaughton and L.L. Chen and E.J. Markus},
  title = {{Dead reckoning, landmark learning, and the sense of direction: A
	neurophysiological and computational hypothesis}},
  journal = {Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience},
  year = {1991},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {190}
}
@article{McNaughton06,
  author = {B. L. McNaughton and F. P. Battaglia and O. Jensen and E. I. Moser
	and M. B. Moser},
  title = {Path integration and the neural basis of the 'cognitive map'},
  journal = {Nature Reviews Neuroscience},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {7},
  pages = {663--678},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Mehaffey05,
  author = {W. Hamish Mehaffey and Brent Doiron and Leonard Maler and Ray W.
	Turner},
  title = {Deterministic Multiplicative Gain Control with Active Dendrites},
  journal = {Journal of Neuroscience},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {25},
  pages = {9968--9977},
  number = {43},
  keywords = {Neuronal-Processing},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Mehta00b,
  author = {Mehta, M.R. and Quirk, M.C. and Wilson, M.A.},
  title = {Experience-Dependent Asymmetric Shape of Hippocampal Receptive Fields},
  journal = {Neuron},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {25},
  pages = {707--715},
  number = {3},
  keywords = {hippocampus, plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Mehta00a,
  author = {M.R. Mehta and M.A. Wilson},
  title = {From hippocampus to V1: effect of LTP on spatio-temporal dynamics
	of receptive fields},
  journal = {Neurocomputing},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {32},
  pages = {905-911}
}
@article{Mehta01,
  author = {Mayank R. Mehta},
  title = {Neuronal dynamics of predictive coding},
  journal = {Neuroscientist},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {7},
  pages = {490-495}
}
@article{Mehta97,
  author = {Mehta, Mayank R. and Barnes, Carol A. and McNaughton, Bruce L.},
  title = {Experience-dependent, asymmetric expansion of hippocampal place fields},
  journal = {PNAS},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {94},
  pages = {8918-8921},
  number = {16},
  doi = {10.1073/pnas.94.16.8918},
  eprint = {http://www.pnas.org/cgi/reprint/94/16/8918.pdf},
  keyword = {hippocampus, plasticity},
  keywords = {hippocampus, plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  url = {http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/abstract/94/16/8918}
}
@article{Mehta02,
  author = {M. R. Mehta and A. K. Lee and M. A. Wilson},
  title = {Role of experience of oscillations in transforming a rate code into
	a temporal code},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {417},
  pages = {741-746}
}
@article{Mehta00,
  author = {M. R. Mehta and M.C. Quirk and M.W. Wilson},
  title = {Experience-dependent asymmetric shape of hippocampal receptive fields},
  journal = {Neuron},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {25},
  pages = {707-715}
}
@article{Mel02,
  author = {Bartlett W. Mel},
  title = {What the Synapse Tells the Neuron},
  journal = {Science},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {295},
  pages = {1845--1846},
  keywords = {Neuronal-Processing},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Mel94,
  author = {Bartlett W. Mel},
  title = {Information Processing in Dendritic Trees},
  journal = {Neural Comput.},
  year = {1994},
  volume = {6},
  number = {1031-1085}
}
@article{Melamed04,
  author = {O. Melamed and W. Gerstner and W. Maass and M. Tsodyks and H. Markram},
  title = {Coding and Learning of behavioral sequences},
  journal = {Trends in Neurosciences},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {27},
  pages = {11-14}
}
@article{Melamed04a,
  author = {Melamed, O. and Gerstner, W. and Maass, W. and Tsodyks, M. and Markram,
	H.},
  title = {{Coding and learning of behavioral sequences}},
  journal = {Trends Neurosci},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {27},
  pages = {11--14},
  number = {1},
  keywords = {hippocampus, plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Merigan00,
  author = {W. H. Merigan},
  title = {{Cortical area V4 is critical for certain texture discriminations,
	but this effect is not dependent on attention}},
  journal = {Visual Neuroscience},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {17},
  pages = {949--958},
  number = {6},
  month = nov,
  keywords = {Vision},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Merzenich84,
  author = {M.M. Merzenich and R.J. Nelson and M.P. Stryker and M.S. Cynader
	and A. Schoppmann and J.M. Zook},
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	adult monkeys},
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  pages = {591-605}
}
@article{Meunier,
  author = {C. Meunier and I. Segev},
  title = {Playing the Devil's advocate: is the Hodgkin-Huxley model useful?},
  journal = {TRENDS IN NEUROSCIENCES },
  year = {2002},
  volume = {25},
  pages = {558-563}
}
@article{Meyer02,
  author = {C. Meyer and C. van Vreeswijk},
  title = {Temporal correlations in stochastic networks of spiking neurons},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {369-404}
}
@article{Mezard87,
  author = {M. Mezard and G. Parisi},
  title = {Mean-field theory of randomly frustrated systems with finite connectivity},
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  year = {1987},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {1067-1074}
}
@article{Middlebrooks94,
  author = {John C. Middlebrooks and Ann E. Clock and Li Xu and David M. Green},
  title = {A Panoramic Code for Sound Localization by Cortical Neurons},
  journal = {Science},
  year = {1994},
  volume = {264},
  pages = {842--844}
}
@article{Middleton95,
  author = {A. A. Middleton and C. Tang},
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  year = {1995},
  volume = {74},
  pages = {742-745}
}
@article{Migliore02,
  author = {Migliore, Michele and Shepherd, Gordon M},
  title = {Emerging rules for the distributions of active dendritic conductances.},
  journal = {Nat Rev Neurosci},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {362--370},
  number = {5},
  abstract = {A key goal in neuroscience is to explain how the operations of a neuron
	emerge from sets of active channels with specific dendritic distributions.
	If general principles can be identified for these distributions,
	dendritic channels should reflect the computational role of a given
	cell type within its functional neural circuit. Here, we discuss
	insights from experimental and computational data on the distribution
	of voltage-gated channels in dendrites, and attempt to derive rules
	for how their interactions implement different dendritic functions.
	We propose that this type of analysis will be important for understanding
	behavioural processes in terms of single-neuron properties, and that
	it constitutes a step towards a 'functional proteomics' of nerve
	cells, which will be essential for defining neuronal phenotypes.},
  address = {Department of Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New
	Haven, Connecticut 06520-8001, USA.},
  au = {Migliore, M and Shepherd, GM},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrn810},
  da = {20020503},
  date-added = {2008-03-28 23:29:20 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-28 23:30:26 +0100},
  dcom = {20020617},
  doi = {10.1038/nrn810},
  edat = {2002/05/04 10:00},
  issn = {1471-003X (Print)},
  jid = {100962781},
  jt = {Nature reviews. Neuroscience},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20061115},
  mh = {Animals; Dendrites/chemistry/*physiology; Humans; Ion Channels/analysis/physiology;
	Neural Conduction/*physiology; Neurons/chemistry/physiology; Synapses/chemistry/physiology},
  mhda = {2002/06/18 10:01},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pii = {nrn810},
  pl = {England},
  pmid = {11988775},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; Research
	Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; Review},
  pubm = {Print},
  rf = {71},
  rn = {0 (Ion Channels)},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {Nat Rev Neurosci. 2002 May;3(5):362-70. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@inproceedings{Miikkulainen91,
  author = {R. Miikkulainen},
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	resource redistribution},
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	Networks},
  year = {1991},
  editor = {T. Kohonen and K. M\"akisara and 0. Simula and J. Kangas},
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  address = {Amsterdam: North-Holland},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@incollection{Miikkulainen97,
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  title = {Self-organization, plasticity, and low-level visual phenomena in
	a laterally connected map model of the primary visual cortex},
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  pages = {257-308},
  address = {San Diego, CA},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{Miikkulainen05,
  title = {Computational maps in the visual cortex},
  publisher = {New York: Springer},
  year = {2005},
  author = {R. Miikkulainen and J. A. Bednar and Y. Choe and J. Sirosh},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@inproceedings{Millan03,
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  title = {Non-Invasive Brain-Actuated Control of a Mobile Robot},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 18th International Joint Conference on Artificial
	Intelligence, pp. 1121--1126},
  year = {2003},
  address = {Acapulco, Mexico}
}
@article{Millan04,
  author = {J. \protect{del R.} Millan and F. Renkens and J. Mourino and W. Gerstner},
  title = {Non-invasive Brain actuated control of a mobile robot by Human EEG},
  journal = {IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {51},
  pages = {1026-1033}
}
@article{Millan04b,
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}
@article{Miller56,
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}
@article{Miller89,
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}
@incollection{Miller95,
  author = {K. D. Miller},
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	dominance and orientation columns},
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}
@article{Miller94b,
  author = {K. D. Miller},
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	ordered arrangement of orientation columns through activity dependent
	competition between {ON}- and {OFF}-center inputs},
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}
@article{Miller90,
  author = {K. D. Miller},
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	model of synaptic plasticity.},
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  year = {1990},
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  pages = {321--333}
}
@article{Miller94,
  author = {K. D. Miller and D. J. C. MacKay},
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  year = {1994},
  volume = {6},
  pages = {100-126}
}
@article{Miller92d,
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	to complex speech stimuli},
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}
@article{Miller89c,
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	the function of mammalian striatum},
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}
@article{Milner74,
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}
@incollection{Milton93,
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}
@article{Minai97,
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  year = {1997},
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  pages = {667-681}
}
@incollection{Minai93,
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	Vol. II },
  publisher = {International Neural Network Society,},
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}
@book{Minsky69,
  title = {Perceptrons},
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}
@article{Mirenowicz96,
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	rather than aversive stimuli},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {1996},
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  pages = {449-451}
}
@article{Mirollo90,
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}
@article{Mitchison91,
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  year = {1991},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {312--320},
  comment = {Anti-Hebbian learning for the time-derivatives.},
  keywords = {slowness, invariance learning},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Miyashita88,
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  title = {Neuronal correlate of visual associative long-term memory in the
	primate temporal cortex.},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {1988},
  volume = {335},
  pages = {817--820}
}
@article{Miyashita88a,
  author = {Miyashita, Y},
  title = {{{N}euronal correlate of visual associative long-term memory in the
	primate temporal cortex}},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {1988},
  volume = {335},
  pages = {817--820},
  number = {6193},
  month = {Oct},
  keywords = {Slowness,Vision,Vision-Physiology},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Moiseff81,
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}
@article{Molgedey94,
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	correlations},
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  year = {1994},
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  pages = {3634--3637},
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  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
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  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {APS},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Moreno-Bote06,
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	Neurons with Slow Synapses}},
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  pages = {28101},
  number = {2},
  keywords = {neuronal-processing},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {APS},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Moreno-Bote04,
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	Neurons}},
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  year = {2004},
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  pages = {28102},
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  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {APS},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Moreno04,
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}
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@incollection{Morris07,
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  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Morris03,
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}
@article{Morris82,
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}
@article{Morris03b,
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	J. Sandin and M. Day and C. O'Carrol},
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}
@article{Morrison07,
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@article{Moser05,
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  year = {2005},
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  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
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}
@article{Muller96,
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}
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}
@article{Muller87a,
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}
@article{Muller87,
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}
@book{Murray94,
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}
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  owner = {sprekeler},
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  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
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}
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  owner = {sprekeler},
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}
@article{Natschlaeger98,
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}
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}
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}
@incollection{Nelson95,
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}
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}
@article{Neltner00,
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}
@inproceedings{IEEE-appl,
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}
@article{Neven92,
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@article{Nevian07,
  author = {Nevian, Thomas and Larkum, Matthew E and Polsky, Alon and Schiller,
	Jackie},
  title = {Properties of basal dendrites of layer 5 pyramidal neurons: a direct
	patch-clamp recording study.},
  journal = {Nat Neurosci},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {10},
  pages = {206--214},
  number = {2},
  abstract = {Basal dendrites receive the majority of synapses that contact neocortical
	pyramidal neurons, yet our knowledge of synaptic processing in these
	dendrites has been hampered by their inaccessibility for electrical
	recordings. A new approach to patch-clamp recordings enabled us to
	characterize the integrative properties of these cells. Despite the
	short physical length of rat basal dendrites, synaptic inputs were
	electrotonically remote from the soma (>30-fold excitatory postsynaptic
	potential (EPSP) attenuation) and back-propagating action potentials
	were significantly attenuated. Unitary EPSPs were location dependent,
	reaching large amplitudes distally (>8 mV), yet their somatic contribution
	was relatively location independent. Basal dendrites support sodium
	and NMDA spikes, but not calcium spikes, for 75% of their length.
	This suggests that basal dendrites, despite their proximity to the
	site of action potential initiation, do not form a single basal-somatic
	region but rather should be considered as a separate integrative
	compartment favoring two integration modes: subthreshold, location-independent
	summation versus local amplification of incoming spatiotemporally
	clustered information.},
  address = {Department of Physiology, University of Berne, Buhlplatz 5, 3012
	Berne, Switzerland.},
  au = {Nevian, T and Larkum, ME and Polsky, A and Schiller, J},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn1826},
  da = {20070129},
  date-added = {2008-03-28 23:32:15 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-28 23:32:20 +0100},
  dcom = {20070403},
  dep = {20070107},
  doi = {10.1038/nn1826},
  edat = {2007/01/09 09:00},
  issn = {1097-6256 (Print)},
  jid = {9809671},
  jt = {Nature neuroscience},
  language = {eng},
  mh = {Action Potentials/physiology; Animals; Cell Membrane/physiology; Cerebral
	Cortex/*cytology/*physiology; Dendrites/*physiology/*ultrastructure;
	Dendritic Spines/physiology/ultrastructure; Excitatory Postsynaptic
	Potentials/physiology; Membrane Potentials/physiology; Organ Culture
	Techniques; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pyramidal Cells/*cytology/*physiology;
	Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/metabolism; Sodium/metabolism;
	Synapses/physiology/ultrastructure; Synaptic Transmission/physiology},
  mhda = {2007/04/04 09:00},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  phst = {2006/08/21 {$[$}received{$]$}; 2006/12/04 {$[$}accepted{$]$}; 2007/01/07
	{$[$}aheadofprint{$]$}},
  pii = {nn1826},
  pl = {United States},
  pmid = {17206140},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support,
	Non-U.S. Gov't},
  pubm = {Print-Electronic},
  rn = {0 (Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate); 7440-23-5 (Sodium)},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {Nat Neurosci. 2007 Feb;10(2):206-14. Epub 2007 Jan 7. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Nevian06,
  author = {Nevian, Thomas and Sakmann, Bert},
  title = {Spine Ca2+ Signaling in Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity},
  journal = {J. Neurosci.},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {26},
  pages = {11001-11013},
  number = {43},
  abstract = {Calcium is a second messenger, which can trigger the modification
	of synaptic efficacy. We investigated the question of whether a differential
	rise in postsynaptic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) alone is sufficient to account
	for the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression
	(LTD) of EPSPs in the basal dendrites of layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons
	of the somatosensory cortex. Volume-averaged [Ca2+]i transients were
	measured in spines of the basal dendritic arbor for spike-timing-dependent
	plasticity induction protocols. The rise in [Ca2+]i was uncorrelated
	to the direction of the change in synaptic efficacy, because several
	pairing protocols evoked similar spine [Ca2+]i transients but resulted
	in either LTP or LTD. The sequence dependence of near-coincident
	presynaptic and postsynaptic activity on the direction of changes
	in synaptic strength suggested that LTP and LTD were induced by two
	processes, which were controlled separately by postsynaptic [Ca2+]i
	levels. Activation of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels before metabotropic
	glutamate receptors (mGluRs) resulted in the phospholipase C-dependent
	(PLC-dependent) synthesis of endocannabinoids, which acted as a retrograde
	messenger to induce LTD. LTP required a large [Ca2+]i transient evoked
	by NMDA receptor activation. Blocking mGluRs abolished the induction
	of LTD and uncovered the Ca2+-dependent induction of LTP. We conclude
	that the volume-averaged peak elevation of [Ca2+]i in spines of layer
	2/3 pyramids determines the magnitude of long-term changes in synaptic
	efficacy. The direction of the change is controlled, however, via
	a mGluR-coupled signaling cascade. mGluRs act in conjunction with
	PLC as sequence-sensitive coincidence detectors when postsynaptic
	precede presynaptic action potentials to induce LTD. Thus presumably
	two different Ca2+ sensors in spines control the induction of spike-timing-dependent
	synaptic plasticity.},
  doi = {10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1749-06.2006},
  eprint = {http://www.jneurosci.org/cgi/reprint/26/43/11001.pdf},
  keywords = {plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  url = {http://www.jneurosci.org/cgi/content/abstract/26/43/11001}
}
@article{Newpher08,
  author = {Thomas M Newpher and Michael D Ehlers},
  title = {Glutamate receptor dynamics in dendritic microdomains.},
  journal = {Neuron},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {58},
  pages = {472--497},
  number = {4},
  month = {May},
  abstract = {Among diverse factors regulating excitatory synaptic transmission,
	the abundance of postsynaptic glutamate receptors figures prominently
	in molecular memory and learning-related synaptic plasticity. To
	allow for both long-term maintenance of synaptic transmission and
	acute changes in synaptic strength, the relative rates of glutamate
	receptor insertion and removal must be tightly regulated. Interactions
	with scaffolding proteins control the targeting and signaling properties
	of glutamate receptors within the postsynaptic membrane. In addition,
	extrasynaptic receptor populations control the equilibrium of receptor
	exchange at synapses and activate distinct signaling pathways involved
	in plasticity. Here, we review recent findings that have shaped our
	current understanding of receptor mobility between synaptic and extrasynaptic
	compartments at glutamatergic synapses, focusing on AMPA and NMDA
	receptors. We also examine the cooperative relationship between intracellular
	trafficking and surface diffusion of glutamate receptors that underlies
	the expression of learning-related synaptic plasticity.},
  doi = {10.1016/j.neuron.2008.04.030},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pii = {S0896-6273(08)00408-X},
  pmid = {18498731},
  timestamp = {2008.06.03},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2008.04.030}
}
@article{Ngezahajo00,
  author = {A. Ngezahayo and M. Schachner and A. Artola},
  title = {Synaptic activation modulates the induction of bidirectional synaptic
	changes in Adult mouse hippocamus},
  journal = {J. Neuroscience},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {20},
  pages = {2451-2458}
}
@book{Nicholls92,
  title = {From Neuron to Brain},
  publisher = {Sinauer Associates, Inc.},
  year = {1992},
  author = {John G. Nicholls and A. Robert Martin and Bruce G. Wallace},
  address = {Sunderland, Massachusetts U.S.A.},
  edition = {3rd}
}
@inproceedings{Niebur91,
  author = {E. Niebur and D. M. Kammen and C. Koch and D. Rudermann and H. G.
	Schuster},
  title = {Phase-coupling in two dimensional networks of interacting oscillators},
  booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 3},
  year = {1991},
  editor = {R. P. Lippmann and J. E. Moody and D. S. Touretzky},
  pages = {123-127},
  address = {San Mateo CA},
  publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann}
}
@article{Nirenberg03,
  author = {S. Nirenberg and P.E. Latham},
  title = {Decoding neuronal spike trains: How important are correlations? },
  journal = {Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {100},
  pages = {7348-7353}
}
@article{Nishiyama00,
  author = {M. Nishiyama and K. Hong and K. Mikoshiba nd M.M. Poo and K. Kato},
  title = {Calcium stores regulate the polarity and input specificity of synaptic
	modification},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {408},
  pages = {584-588}
}
@article{Nishiyama00a,
  author = {Makoto Nishiyama and Kyonsoo Hong and Katsuhiko Miskoshiba and Mu{-}ming
	Poo and Kunio Kato},
  title = {Calcium stores regulate the polarity and input specificity of synaptic
	modification},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {208},
  pages = {584--588},
  keywords = {Plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Nowak84,
  author = {L. Nowak and P. Bregestovski and P. Asher and A. Herbet and A. Prochiantz},
  title = {Magnesium gates glutamate-activiated channels in mouse central neurons},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {1984},
  volume = {307},
  pages = {462-465}
}
@article{Nowotny07,
  author = {Nowotny, Thomas and Szucs, Attila and Levi, Rafael and Selverston,
	Allen I},
  title = {Models wagging the dog: are circuits constructed with disparate parameters?},
  journal = {Neural Comput},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {19},
  pages = {1985--2003},
  number = {8},
  abstract = {In a recent article, Prinz, Bucher, and Marder (2004) addressed the
	fundamental question of whether neural systems are built with a fixed
	blueprint of tightly controlled parameters or in a way in which properties
	can vary largely from one individual to another, using a database
	modeling approach. Here, we examine the main conclusion that neural
	circuits indeed are built with largely varying parameters in the
	light of our own experimental and modeling observations. We critically
	discuss the experimental and theoretical evidence, including the
	general adequacy of database approaches for questions of this kind,
	and come to the conclusion that the last word for this fundamental
	question has not yet been spoken.},
  address = {Institute for Nonlinear Science, University of California, San Diego,
	La Jolla, CA 92093-0402, USA. T.Nowotny@sussex.ac.uk},
  au = {Nowotny, T and Szucs, A and Levi, R and Selverston, AI},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco.2007.19.8.1985},
  da = {20070618},
  date-added = {2008-03-28 11:57:40 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-28 11:57:43 +0100},
  dcom = {20070907},
  doi = {10.1162/neco.2007.19.8.1985},
  edat = {2007/06/19 09:00},
  gr = {R01 NS-050945/NS/United States NINDS},
  issn = {0899-7667 (Print)},
  jid = {9426182},
  jt = {Neural computation},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20071203},
  mh = {4-Aminopyridine/pharmacology; Action Potentials/drug effects/physiology;
	Animals; Databases, Factual; Feedback; Ganglia, Invertebrate/cytology;
	Ion Channels/drug effects/physiology; *Models, Neurological; Nerve
	Net/*physiology; *Neural Networks (Computer); Neurons/drug effects/*physiology;
	Palinuridae; Potassium Channel Blockers/pharmacology; Time Factors},
  mhda = {2007/09/08 09:00},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pl = {United States},
  pmid = {17571936},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support,
	Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.},
  pubm = {Print},
  rn = {0 (Ion Channels); 0 (Potassium Channel Blockers); 504-24-5 (4-Aminopyridine)},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {Neural Comput. 2007 Aug;19(8):1985-2003. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Nykamp00,
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  keywords = {plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {Am Physiological Soc},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{O'Connor05,
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  keywords = {Plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{OConnor05,
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}
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  pages = {329--337}
}
@article{Odoherty04,
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}
@incollection{O'Keefe07,
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  year = {2007},
  pages = {475--548},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{O'Keefe05,
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  year = {2005},
  volume = {15},
  pages = {853--866},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Okeefe96,
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}
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  owner = {sprekeler},
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}
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  owner = {sprekeler},
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}
@article{Okeefe71,
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@article{O'Reilly94a,
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  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
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}
@article{O'Reilly94,
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  year = {1994},
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  pages = {661--682},
  number = {6},
  month = dec,
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  urlabstract = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7704110&dopt=Abstract}
}
@article{Obermayer92,
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}
@article{Oertel83,
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  year = {1982},
  volume = {15},
  pages = {267-273},
  keywords = {Various-Artists},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Oja95,
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  title = {{Signal separation by nonlinear Hebbian learning}},
  journal = {Computational Intelligence: A Dynamic System Perspective},
  year = {1995},
  pages = {83--97},
  keywords = {plasticity, ICA},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Okatan05,
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	of ensemble neural spiking activity},
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  year = {2005},
  volume = {17},
  pages = {1927-1961}
}
@article{Olami92,
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}
@incollection{Olshausen03,
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  booktitle = {{The Visual Neurosciences}},
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  year = {2003},
  editor = {L.M. Chalupa and J.S. Werner},
  keywords = {Vision-Models, vision, sparse coding},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Olshausen04,
  author = {Olshausen, B. A. and Field, D.J.},
  title = {Sparse coding of sensory inputs},
  journal = {Current Opinion in Neurobiology},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {481--487},
  number = {4},
  keywords = {vision, vision-models,optimal-coding},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Olshausen05,
  author = {B. A. Olshausen and D. J. Field},
  title = {{How Close Are We to Understanding V1?}},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {17},
  pages = {1665--1699},
  keywords = {Vision-Models, vision, sparse coding},
  numbers = {8},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Olshausen97,
  author = {B. A. Olshausen and D. J. Field},
  title = {Sparse Coding with an Overcomplete Basis Set: A Strategy Employed
	by {V1}?},
  journal = {Vision Research},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {37},
  pages = {3311--3325},
  keywords = {Vision-Models, vision, sparse coding},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Olshausen96,
  author = {B. A. Olshausen and D. J. Field},
  title = {Natural Image Statistics and Efficient Coding},
  journal = {Network: Computation in Neural Systems},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {7},
  pages = {333--339},
  keywords = {Vision-Models, vision, sparse coding},
  numbers = {2},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Olshausen96a,
  author = {B. A. Olshausen and D. J. Field},
  title = {Emergence of simple-cell receptive field properties by learning a
	sparse code for natural images},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {381},
  pages = {607--609},
  keywords = {Vision-Models, vision, sparse coding},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Omurtag00,
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  year = {2000},
  volume = {8},
  pages = {51-63}
}
@article{Ooyen94,
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}
@article{Optican87,
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@article{Oram99,
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	neuronal responses},
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  year = {1999},
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}
@book{Orban92,
  title = {Artificial and Biological Vision Systems},
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  year = {1992},
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  address = {Berlin}
}
@article{Otto92,
  author = {T Otto and H Eichenbaum},
  title = {{{N}euronal activity in the hippocampus during delayed non-match
	to sample performance in rats: evidence for hippocampal processing
	in recognition memory}},
  journal = {Hippocampus},
  year = {1992},
  volume = {2},
  pages = {323--334},
  number = {3},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Overholt92,
  author = {Edwin~M. Overholt and Edwin~W. Rubel and Richard~L. Hyson},
  title = {A Circuit for Coding Interaural Time Differences in the Chick Brainstem},
  journal = {The Journal of Neuroscience},
  year = {1992},
  volume = {12},
  pages = {1698--1708},
  number = {5}
}
@article{Ashwin94,
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  pages = {126-139},
  annote = {hasler-citation}
}
@article{Pack01,
  author = {Pack, C C and Berezovskii, V K and Born, R T},
  title = {{{D}ynamic properties of neurons in cortical area {M}{T} in alert
	and anaesthetized macaque monkeys}},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {414},
  pages = {905--908},
  number = {6866},
  month = {Dec},
  keywords = {vision, vision-physiology},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Pagnoni02,
  author = {G Pagnoni and CF Zink and PR Montague and GS Berns},
  title = {Activity in human ventral striatum locked to errors in reward prediction},
  journal = {Nature Neuroscience},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {5},
  pages = {97--98},
  number = {2}
}
@article{Pakdaman02,
  author = {K. Pakdaman},
  title = {The reliability of the stochastic active rotator},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {781-792}
}
@article{Pakdaman01a,
  author = {K. Pakdaman and S. Tanabe},
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  year = {2001},
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  pages = {30901}
}
@article{Pakdaman01b,
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  year = {2001},
  volume = {64},
  pages = {50902}
}
@article{Pakdaman01c,
  author = {K. Pakdaman and S. Tanabe and T. Shimokawa},
  title = {Coherence resonance and discharge reliability in neurons and neuronal
	models},
  journal = {Neural Networks},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {895-905}
}
@book{Palm86,
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@article{Paninski06,
  author = {L. Paninski},
  title = {The spike-triggered average of the integrate-and-fire cell driven
	by Gaussian white noise},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {18},
  pages = {2592-2616}
}
@article{Paninski06b,
  author = {L. Paninski},
  title = {The most likely voltage path and large deviations approximations
	for integrate-and-fire neurons},
  journal = {J. Comput. Neuroscience},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {21},
  pages = {71-87}
}
@article{Paninski03,
  author = {L. Paninski},
  title = {Convergence properties of three spike-triggered analysis techniques},
  journal = {Network},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {437-464}
}
@article{Paninski08,
  author = {Liam Paninski and Adrian Haith and Gabor Szirtes},
  title = {Integral equation methods for computing likelihoods and their derivatives
	in the stochastic integrate-and-fire model.},
  journal = {J Comput Neurosci},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {24},
  pages = {69--79},
  number = {1},
  month = {Feb},
  abstract = {We recently introduced likelihood-based methods for fitting stochastic
	integrate-and-fire models to spike train data. The key component
	of this method involves the likelihood that the model will emit a
	spike at a given time t. Computing this likelihood is equivalent
	to computing a Markov first passage time density (the probability
	that the model voltage crosses threshold for the first time at time
	t). Here we detail an improved method for computing this likelihood,
	based on solving a certain integral equation. This integral equation
	method has several advantages over the techniques discussed in our
	previous work: in particular, the new method has fewer free parameters
	and is easily differentiable (for gradient computations). The new
	method is also easily adaptable for the case in which the model conductance,
	not just the input current, is time-varying. Finally, we describe
	how to incorporate large deviations approximations to very small
	likelihoods.},
  doi = {10.1007/s10827-007-0042-x},
  keywords = {neuronal-processing},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pmid = {17492371},
  timestamp = {2008.05.14},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10827-007-0042-x}
}
@article{Paninski04,
  author = {L. Paninski and J. Pillow and E. Simoncelli},
  title = {Maximum likelihood estimate of a stochastic integrate-and-fire neural
	encoding model},
  journal = {Neural computation},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {16},
  pages = {2533-2561}
}
@article{Paninski04b,
  author = {L. Paninski and J. Pillow and E. Simoncelli},
  title = {Comparing integrate-and-fire-like models estimated using intracellular
	and extracellular data. },
  journal = {Neurocomputing},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {xx},
  pages = {xx}
}
@article{Paninski04a,
  author = {Paninski, Liam and Pillow, Jonathan W and Simoncelli, Eero P},
  title = {Maximum likelihood estimation of a stochastic integrate-and-fire
	neural encoding model.},
  journal = {Neural Comput},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {16},
  pages = {2533--2561},
  number = {12},
  abstract = {We examine a cascade encoding model for neural response in which a
	linear filtering stage is followed by a noisy, leaky, integrate-and-fire
	spike generation mechanism. This model provides a biophysically more
	realistic alternative to models based on Poisson (memoryless) spike
	generation, and can effectively reproduce a variety of spiking behaviors
	seen in vivo. We describe the maximum likelihood estimator for the
	model parameters, given only extracellular spike train responses
	(not intracellular voltage data). Specifically, we prove that the
	log-likelihood function is concave and thus has an essentially unique
	global maximum that can be found using gradient ascent techniques.
	We develop an efficient algorithm for computing the maximum likelihood
	solution, demonstrate the effectiveness of the resulting estimator
	with numerical simulations, and discuss a method of testing the model's
	validity using time-rescaling and density evolution techniques.},
  address = {Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Center for Neural Science, New York
	University, New York, NY 10003, USA. liam@cns.nyu.edu},
  au = {Paninski, L and Pillow, JW and Simoncelli, EP},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/0899766042321797},
  da = {20041101},
  date-added = {2008-03-28 12:03:45 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-28 12:03:52 +0100},
  dcom = {20050119},
  doi = {10.1162/0899766042321797},
  edat = {2004/11/02 09:00},
  issn = {0899-7667 (Print)},
  jid = {9426182},
  jt = {Neural computation},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20061115},
  mh = {Algorithms; Biophysics; Electrophysiology; Likelihood Functions; Membrane
	Potentials; Models, Neurological; Models, Statistical; Neurons/*physiology;
	Nonlinear Dynamics; Poisson Distribution},
  mhda = {2005/01/20 09:00},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pl = {United States},
  pmid = {15516273},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support,
	U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.},
  pubm = {Print},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {Neural Comput. 2004 Dec;16(12):2533-61. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Panzeri01b,
  author = {S. Panzeri and R.S. Peterson and S.R. Schultz and M. Lebedev and
	M.E. Diamond},
  title = {The role of spike timing in the coding of stimulus location in rat
	somatosensory cortex},
  journal = {Neuron},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {29},
  pages = {769-777}
}
@article{Panzeri01,
  author = {S. Panzeri and E. T. Rolls and F. Battaglia and R. Lavis},
  title = {Speed of feedforward and recurrent processing in multilayer networks
	of integrate-and-fire neurons},
  journal = {Network},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {12},
  pages = {423-440}
}
@book{Papoulis91,
  title = {Probability, random variables, and stochastic processes},
  publisher = {Mc{G}raw-Hill},
  year = {1991},
  author = {A. Papoulis},
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}
@article{Parker98,
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  title = {Sense and the single neuron: probing the physiology of perception},
  journal = {Annual Reviews in Neuroscience},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {21},
  pages = {227-277},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Pare98,
  author = {D. Par{\'e} and E. Shink and H. Gaudreau and A. Destexhe and Erik
	Lang},
  title = {Impact of spontaneous synaptic activity on the resting properties
	of cat neocortical neurons in vivo },
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  year = {1998},
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  pages = {1450-1460}
}
@article{Pasupathy02,
  author = {A. Pasupathy and C. E. Connor},
  title = {{Population coding of shape in area V4}},
  journal = {Nature Neuroscience},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {5},
  pages = {1332--1338},
  number = {12},
  month = dec,
  keywords = {Vision},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Pasupathy01,
  author = {A. Pasupathy and C. E. Connor},
  title = {{Shape representation in area V4: position-specific tuning for boundary
	conformation}},
  journal = {Journal of Neurophysiology},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {86},
  pages = {2505--2519},
  number = {5},
  month = nov,
  keywords = {Vision},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{Davalo93,
  title = {Des r{\'e}seaux de neurones},
  publisher = {Eyrolles},
  year = {1993},
  author = {Eric Davalo et Patrick Naim},
  edition = {2nd}
}
@book{Pavlov27,
  title = {Conditioned reflexes},
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}
@inbook{Pawelzik94,
  chapter = {???},
  title = {this volume.},
  author = {K. Pawelzik}
}
@book{Pawelzik91,
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  author = {K. Pawelzik},
  address = {Frankfurt},
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}
@article{Pearce80,
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}
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  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
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@inproceedings{Pillow04,
  author = {J.W. Pillow and L. Paninski and E.P. Simoncelli},
  title = {Maximum Likelihood estimation of a stochastic integrate-and-fire
	model},
  booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems},
  year = {2004},
  editor = {S. Thrun and L. Saul and B. Sch{\"o}lkopf},
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}
@article{Pillow05,
  author = {J.W. Pillow and L. Paninski and V.J. Uzzell and E.P. Simoncelli and
	E.J.Chichilnisky},
  title = {Prediction and decoding of retinal ganglion cell responses with a
	probabilistic spiking model},
  journal = {J. Neuroscience},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {25},
  pages = {11003-11023}
}
@article{Pillow05a,
  author = {Pillow, Jonathan W and Paninski, Liam and Uzzell, Valerie J and Simoncelli,
	Eero P and Chichilnisky, E J},
  title = {Prediction and decoding of retinal ganglion cell responses with a
	probabilistic spiking model.},
  journal = {J Neurosci},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {25},
  pages = {11003--11013},
  number = {47},
  abstract = {Sensory encoding in spiking neurons depends on both the integration
	of sensory inputs and the intrinsic dynamics and variability of spike
	generation. We show that the stimulus selectivity, reliability, and
	timing precision of primate retinal ganglion cell (RGC) light responses
	can be reproduced accurately with a simple model consisting of a
	leaky integrate-and-fire spike generator driven by a linearly filtered
	stimulus, a postspike current, and a Gaussian noise current. We fit
	model parameters for individual RGCs by maximizing the likelihood
	of observed spike responses to a stochastic visual stimulus. Although
	compact, the fitted model predicts the detailed time structure of
	responses to novel stimuli, accurately capturing the interaction
	between the spiking history and sensory stimulus selectivity. The
	model also accounts for the variability in responses to repeated
	stimuli, even when fit to data from a single (nonrepeating) stimulus
	sequence. Finally, the model can be used to derive an explicit, maximum-likelihood
	decoding rule for neural spike trains, thus providing a tool for
	assessing the limitations that spiking variability imposes on sensory
	performance.},
  address = {Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Center for Neural Science, Courant
	Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University, New York,
	New York 10003, USA. pillow@cns.nyu.edu},
  au = {Pillow, JW and Paninski, L and Uzzell, VJ and Simoncelli, EP and Chichilnisky,
	EJ},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3305-05.2005},
  da = {20051124},
  date-added = {2008-03-28 12:03:45 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-28 12:03:48 +0100},
  dcom = {20060307},
  doi = {10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3305-05.2005},
  edat = {2005/11/25 09:00},
  issn = {1529-2401 (Electronic)},
  jid = {8102140},
  jt = {The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society
	for Neuroscience},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20061115},
  mh = {*Action Potentials; Animals; Macaca; *Models, Neurological; *Models,
	Statistical; Photic Stimulation; Retinal Ganglion Cells/*physiology},
  mhda = {2006/03/08 09:00},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pii = {25/47/11003},
  pl = {United States},
  pmid = {16306413},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't},
  pubm = {Print},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {J Neurosci. 2005 Nov 23;25(47):11003-13. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Pillow03,
  author = {J. W. Pillow and E. P. Simoncelli},
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  journal = {Neurocomputing},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {52-54},
  pages = {109-115}
}
@article{Pinsky94,
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	CA3 neurons.},
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  year = {1994},
  volume = {1},
  pages = {39--60},
  number = {1-2},
  abstract = {We have developed a two-compartment, eight-variable model of a CA3
	pyramidal cell as a reduction of a complex 19-compartment cable model
	[Traub et al, 1991]. Our reduced model segregates the fast currents
	for sodium spiking into a proximal, soma-like, compartment and the
	slower calcium and calcium-mediated currents into a dendrite-like
	compartment. In each model periodic bursting gives way to repetitive
	soma spiking as somatic injected current increases. Steady dendritic
	stimulation can produce periodic bursting of significantly higher
	frequency (8-20 Hz) than can steady somatic input (< 8 Hz). Bursting
	in our model occurs only for an intermediate range of electronic
	coupling conductance. It depends on the segregation of channel types
	and on the coupling current that flows back-and-forth between compartments.
	When the soma and dendrite are tightly coupled electrically, our
	model reduces to a single compartment and does not burst. Network
	simulations with our model using excitatory AMPA and NMDA synapses
	(without inhibition) give results similar to those obtained with
	the complex cable model [Traub et al, 1991; Traub et al, 1992]. Brief
	stimulation of a single cell in a resting network produces multiple
	synchronized population bursts, with fast AMPA synapses providing
	the dominant synchronizing mechanism. The number of bursts increases
	with the level of maximal NMDA conductance. For high enough maximal
	NMDA conductance synchronized bursting repeats indefinitely. We find
	that two factors can cause the cells to desynchronize when AMPA synapses
	are blocked: heterogeneity of properties amongst cells and intrinsically
	chaotic burst dynamics. But even when cells are identical, they may
	synchronize only approximately rather than exactly. Since our model
	has a limited number of parameters and variables, we have studied
	its cellular and network dynamics computationally with relative ease
	and over wide parameter ranges. Thereby, we identify some qualitative
	features that parallel or are distinguished from those of other neuronal
	systems; e.g., we discuss how bursting here differs from that in
	some classical models.},
  address = {Mathematical Research Branch, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health,
	Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.},
  au = {Pinsky, PF and Rinzel, J},
  da = {19961203},
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  edat = {1994/06/01},
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  jid = {9439510},
  jt = {Journal of computational neuroscience},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20031114},
  mh = {Animals; Dendrites/*physiology; Hippocampus/*physiology; Membrane
	Potentials/physiology; *Neural Networks (Computer); Pyramidal Cells/*physiology;
	Time Factors},
  mhda = {1994/06/01 00:01},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pl = {UNITED STATES},
  pmid = {8792224},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article},
  pubm = {Print},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {J Comput Neurosci. 1994 Jun;1(1-2):39-60. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
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  journal = {PNAS},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {98},
  pages = {12255-12260},
  number = {21},
  keywords = {Perceptual-Learning},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@phdthesis{Plesser-diss,
  author = {H.E. Plesser},
  title = {Aspects of Signal Processing in Noisy Neurons},
  school = {Georg-August-Universit{\"a}t},
  year = {1999},
  address = {G{\"o}ttingen}
}
@techreport{Plesser-report,
  author = {H. E. Plesser},
  title = {The {M}od{U}hl Software collection},
  institution = {MPI f{\"u}r Str{\"o}mungsforschung},
  year = {2000},
  address = {G{\"o}ttingen},
  note = {http://www.chaos.gwgd.de/~plesser/ModUhl.htm}
}
@unpublished{Plesser98b,
  author = {H. E. Plesser and others},
  note = {In preparation},
  month = {March},
  year = {1998}
}
@unpublished{Plesser98a,
  author = {H. E. Plesser and T. Geisel},
  title = {Bandpass Properties of Integrate-Fire Neurons},
  note = {Submitted to Computation in Neurosciences 1998},
  month = {January},
  year = {1998}
}
@article{Plesser00,
  author = {H. E. Plesser and W. Gerstner},
  title = {Noise in integrate-and-fire models: from stochastic input to escape
	rates.},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {12},
  pages = {367-384}
}
@article{Plesser00a,
  author = {H. E. Plesser and W. Gerstner},
  title = {Escape rate models for noisy integrate-and-fire neurons},
  journal = {Neurocomputing},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {32-33},
  pages = {219-224}
}
@article{Plesser99,
  author = {H. E. Plesser and W. Gerstner},
  title = {Noise in integrate-and-fire models: from stochastic input to escape
	rates.},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {12},
  pages = {367-384}
}
@article{Plesser97,
  author = {H. E. Plesser and S. Tanaka},
  title = {Stochastic resonance in a model neuron with reset},
  journal = {Phys. Lett.~A},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {225},
  pages = {228--234}
}
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  title = {Fast perceptual learning in visual hyperacuity},
  journal = {Science},
  year = {1992},
  volume = {256},
  pages = {1018-1021},
  keywords = {Perceptual-Learning},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Poggio04,
  author = {T. Poggio and R. Rifkin and S. Mukherjee and P. Niyogi},
  title = {General conditions for predictivity in learning theory},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {2004},
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  pages = {419-422}
}
@article{Poirazi03,
  author = {P. Poirazi and T. Brannon and B.W. Mel},
  title = {Pyramidal neuron as two-layer neural network },
  journal = {Neuron},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {37},
  pages = {989-999}
}
@article{Poirazi03a,
  author = {Poirazi, Panayiota and Brannon, Terrence and Mel, Bartlett W},
  title = {Pyramidal neuron as two-layer neural network.},
  journal = {Neuron},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {37},
  pages = {989--999},
  number = {6},
  abstract = {The pyramidal neuron is the principal cell type in the mammalian forebrain,
	but its function remains poorly understood. Using a detailed compartmental
	model of a hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cell, we recorded responses
	to complex stimuli consisting of dozens of high-frequency activated
	synapses distributed throughout the apical dendrites. We found the
	cell's firing rate could be predicted by a simple formula that maps
	the physical components of the cell onto those of an abstract two-layer
	"neural network." In the first layer, synaptic inputs drive independent
	sigmoidal subunits corresponding to the cell's several dozen long,
	thin terminal dendrites. The subunit outputs are then summed within
	the main trunk and cell body prior to final thresholding. We conclude
	that insofar as the neural code is mediated by average firing rate,
	a two-layer neural network may provide a useful abstraction for the
	computing function of the individual pyramidal neuron.},
  address = {Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for
	Research and Technology, Hellas (FORTH), Vassilica Vouton, PO Box
	1527, GR 711 10 Heraklion, Crete, Greece. poirazi@imbb.forth.gr},
  au = {Poirazi, P and Brannon, T and Mel, BW},
  da = {20030402},
  date-added = {2008-03-29 12:59:28 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-29 12:59:37 +0100},
  dcom = {20030501},
  edat = {2003/04/03 05:00},
  issn = {0896-6273 (Print)},
  jid = {8809320},
  jt = {Neuron},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20061115},
  mh = {Biophysics; Calcium/metabolism; Dendrites/physiology; Electric Conductivity;
	Electrophysiology; Mathematics; Models, Biological; Nerve Net/*physiology/ultrastructure;
	Potassium Channels/physiology; Pyramidal Cells/*physiology/ultrastructure;
	Sodium Channels/physiology; Synapses/physiology},
  mhda = {2003/05/02 05:00},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pii = {S0896627303001491},
  pl = {United States},
  pmid = {12670427},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support,
	U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.},
  pubm = {Print},
  rn = {0 (Potassium Channels); 0 (Sodium Channels); 7440-70-2 (Calcium)},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {Neuron. 2003 Mar 27;37(6):989-99. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Poirazi01,
  author = {Poirazi, P and Mel, B W},
  title = {Impact of active dendrites and structural plasticity on the memory
	capacity of neural tissue.},
  journal = {Neuron},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {29},
  pages = {779--796},
  number = {3},
  abstract = {We consider the combined effects of active dendrites and structural
	plasticity on the storage capacity of neural tissue. We compare capacity
	for two different modes of dendritic integration: (1) linear, where
	synaptic inputs are summed across the entire dendritic arbor, and
	(2) nonlinear, where each dendritic compartment functions as a separately
	thresholded neuron-like summing unit. We calculate much larger storage
	capacities for cells with nonlinear subunits and show that this capacity
	is accessible to a structural learning rule that combines random
	synapse formation with activity-dependent stabilization/elimination.
	In a departure from the common view that memories are encoded in
	the overall connection strengths between neurons, our results suggest
	that long-term information storage in neural tissue could reside
	primarily in the selective addressing of synaptic contacts onto dendritic
	subunits.},
  address = {Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California,
	Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.},
  au = {Poirazi, P and Mel, BW},
  da = {20010413},
  date-added = {2008-03-26 15:20:25 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-26 15:21:02 +0100},
  dcom = {20010426},
  edat = {2001/04/13 10:00},
  issn = {0896-6273 (Print)},
  jid = {8809320},
  jt = {Neuron},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20051116},
  mh = {Animals; Brain/*physiology/ultrastructure; Computer Simulation; Dendrites/*physiology;
	Humans; Learning/physiology; Mathematics; Memory/*physiology; Models,
	Biological; *Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons/physiology/ultrastructure;
	Synapses/physiology},
  mhda = {2001/05/01 10:01},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pii = {S0896-6273(01)00252-5},
  pl = {United States},
  pmid = {11301036},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article; Review},
  pubm = {Print},
  rf = {106},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {Neuron. 2001 Mar;29(3):779-96. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Vanderpol26,
  author = {B. van der Pol},
  title = {On relaxation oscillators},
  journal = {Phil. Mag.},
  year = {1926},
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}
@article{Poliakov97,
  author = {A. V. Poliakov and R. K. Powers and M. C. Binder},
  title = {Functional identification of input-output transforms of motoneurons
	in cat},
  journal = {J. Physiology},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {504},
  pages = {401-424}
}
@article{Poliakov96,
  author = {A. V. Poliakov and R. K. Powers and A. Sawczuk and M. C. Binder},
  title = {Effects of background noise on the response of rat and cat motoneurones
	to excitatory current transients.},
  journal = {J. Physiology},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {495},
  pages = {143-157}
}
@article{Polley06,
  author = {D. B. Polley and E. Steinberg and M. Merzenich},
  title = {Perceptual learning directs auditory cortical map reorganization
	through top-down influences},
  journal = {The Journal of Neuroscience},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {26},
  pages = {4970-4982},
  number = {18},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Polsky04,
  author = {A. Polsky and B. W Mel and J. Schiller},
  title = {Computational subunits in thin dendrites of pyramidal cells},
  journal = {Nature Neuroscience},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {7},
  pages = {621-627}
}
@article{Polsky04a,
  author = {Alon Polsky and Bartlett W. Mel and Jackie Schiller},
  title = {Computational Subunits in thin dendrites of pyramidal cells},
  journal = {Nature Neuroscience},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {6},
  pages = {621--627},
  number = {7},
  keywords = {Neuronal-Processing},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@inproceedings{Porr01,
  author = {B. Porr and F. W\"org\"otter},
  title = {Temporal Hebbian Learning in Rate-Coded Neural Networks: A Theoretical
	Approach towards Classical Conditioning},
  booktitle = {Artificial Neural Networks --- ICANN 2001},
  year = {2001},
  editor = {Dorffner, Georg and Bischof, Horst and Hornik, Kurt},
  volume = {2130},
  pages = {1115--1120},
  address = {Berlin},
  publisher = {Springer}
}
@article{Porta05,
  author = {J. M. Porta and E. Celaya},
  title = {Reinforcement Learning for Agents with Many Sensors and Actuators
	Acting in Categorizable Environments},
  journal = {Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {23},
  pages = {79-122}
}
@article{Pospischil07,
  author = {M. Pospischil and Z. Piwkowska and M. Rudolph and T. Bal and A. Destexhe},
  title = {Calculating event-triggered average synaptic conductances from the
	membrane potential},
  journal = {J. Neurophysiology},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {97},
  pages = {2544-2552}
}
@article{Poucet03,
  author = {B. Poucet and P. P. Lenck-Santini and V. E. Paz-Villagr{\'a}n and
	E. Save},
  title = {Place cells, neocortex and spatial navigation: a short review},
  journal = {Journal of physiology (Paris)},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {97},
  pages = {537--546},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Pouget03,
  author = {A. Pouget and P. Dayan and R. Zemel},
  title = {Inference and computation with population codes},
  journal = {Annual Reviews in Neuroscience},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {26},
  pages = {381-410},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Powers96,
  author = {R.K.D.B. Powers and M.D. Binder},
  title = {Experimental evaluation of input-output models of motoneuron discharges},
  journal = {J. Neurophysiology},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {75},
  pages = {367-379}
}
@article{Pratt08,
  author = {Kara G Pratt and Wei Dong and Carlos D Aizenman},
  title = {Development and spike timing-dependent plasticity of recurrent excitation
	in the Xenopus optic tectum.},
  journal = {Nat Neurosci},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {11},
  pages = {467--475},
  number = {4},
  month = {Apr},
  abstract = {Much of the information processing in the brain occurs at the level
	of local circuits; however, the mechanisms underlying their initial
	development are poorly understood. We sought to examine the early
	development and plasticity of local excitatory circuits in the optic
	tectum of Xenopus laevis tadpoles. We found that retinal input recruits
	persistent, recurrent intratectal synaptic excitation that becomes
	more temporally compact and less variable over development, thus
	increasing the temporal coherence and precision of tectal cell spiking.
	We also saw that patterned retinal input can sculpt recurrent activity
	according to a spike timing-dependent plasticity rule, and that impairing
	this plasticity during development results in abnormal refinement
	of the temporal characteristics of recurrent circuits. This plasticity
	is a previously unknown mechanism by which patterned retinal activity
	allows intratectal circuitry to self-organize, optimizing the temporal
	response properties of the tectal network, and provides a substrate
	for rapid modulation of tectal neuron receptive-field properties.},
  doi = {10.1038/nn2076},
  keywords = {plasticity, vision},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pii = {nn2076},
  pmid = {18344990},
  timestamp = {2008.04.23},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn2076}
}
@article{Prescott06,
  author = {Prescott, Steven A and Ratte, Stephanie and De Koninck, Yves and
	Sejnowski, Terrence J},
  title = {Nonlinear interaction between shunting and adaptation controls a
	switch between integration and coincidence detection in pyramidal
	neurons.},
  journal = {J Neurosci},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {26},
  pages = {9084--9097},
  number = {36},
  abstract = {The membrane conductance of a pyramidal neuron in vivo is substantially
	increased by background synaptic input. Increased membrane conductance,
	or shunting, does not simply reduce neuronal excitability. Recordings
	from hippocampal pyramidal neurons using dynamic clamp revealed that
	adaptation caused complete cessation of spiking in the high conductance
	state, whereas repetitive spiking could persist despite adaptation
	in the low conductance state. This behavior was reproduced in a phase
	plane model and was explained by a shunting-induced increase in voltage
	threshold. The increase in threshold allows greater activation of
	the M current (I(M)) at subthreshold potentials and reduces the minimum
	adaptation required to stabilize the system; in contrast, activation
	of the afterhyperpolarization current is unaffected by the increase
	in threshold and therefore remains unable to stop repetitive spiking.
	The nonlinear interaction between shunting and I(M) has other important
	consequences. First, timing of spikes elicited by brief stimuli is
	more precise when background spikes elicited by sustained input are
	prohibited, as occurs exclusively with I(M)-mediated adaptation in
	the high conductance state. Second, activation of I(M) at subthreshold
	potentials, which is increased in the high conductance state, hyperpolarizes
	average membrane potential away from voltage threshold, allowing
	only large, rapid fluctuations to reach threshold and elicit spikes.
	These results suggest that the shift from a low to high conductance
	state in a pyramidal neuron is accompanied by a switch from encoding
	time-averaged input with firing rate to encoding transient inputs
	with precisely timed spikes, in effect, switching the operational
	mode from integration to coincidence detection.},
  address = {Computational Neurobiology Laboratory, Howard Hughes Medical Institute,
	Salk Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA. sprescott@salk.edu},
  au = {Prescott, SA and Ratte, S and De Koninck, Y and Sejnowski, TJ},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1388-06.2006},
  da = {20060907},
  date-added = {2008-03-27 14:14:33 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-27 14:14:38 +0100},
  dcom = {20060926},
  doi = {10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1388-06.2006},
  edat = {2006/09/08 09:00},
  issn = {1529-2401 (Electronic)},
  jid = {8102140},
  jt = {The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society
	for Neuroscience},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20061115},
  mh = {Action Potentials/*physiology; Adaptation, Physiological/physiology;
	Animals; Cells, Cultured; Computer Simulation; Differential Threshold/physiology;
	Membrane Potentials/physiology; *Models, Neurological; Nerve Net/*physiology;
	Neuronal Plasticity/*physiology; Pyramidal Cells/*physiology; Rats;
	Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synaptic Transmission/*physiology},
  mhda = {2006/09/27 09:00},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pii = {26/36/9084},
  pl = {United States},
  pmid = {16957065},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't},
  pubm = {Print},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {J Neurosci. 2006 Sep 6;26(36):9084-97. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Prinz03a,
  author = {Prinz, Astrid A and Billimoria, Cyrus P and Marder, Eve},
  title = {Alternative to hand-tuning conductance-based models: construction
	and analysis of databases of model neurons.},
  journal = {J Neurophysiol},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {90},
  pages = {3998--4015},
  number = {6},
  abstract = {Conventionally, the parameters of neuronal models are hand-tuned using
	trial-and-error searches to produce a desired behavior. Here, we
	present an alternative approach. We have generated a database of
	about 1.7 million single-compartment model neurons by independently
	varying 8 maximal membrane conductances based on measurements from
	lobster stomatogastric neurons. We classified the spontaneous electrical
	activity of each model neuron and its responsiveness to inputs during
	runtime with an adaptive algorithm and saved a reduced version of
	each neuron's activity pattern. Our analysis of the distribution
	of different activity types (silent, spiking, bursting, irregular)
	in the 8-dimensional conductance space indicates that the coarse
	grid of conductance values we chose is sufficient to capture the
	salient features of the distribution. The database can be searched
	for different combinations of neuron properties such as activity
	type, spike or burst frequency, resting potential, frequency-current
	relation, and phase-response curve. We demonstrate how the database
	can be screened for models that reproduce the behavior of a specific
	biological neuron and show that the contents of the database can
	give insight into the way a neuron's membrane conductances determine
	its activity pattern and response properties. Similar databases can
	be constructed to explore parameter spaces in multicompartmental
	models or small networks, or to examine the effects of changes in
	the voltage dependence of currents. In all cases, database searches
	can provide insight into how neuronal and network properties depend
	on the values of the parameters in the models.},
  address = {Volen Center and Biology Department, Brandeis University, Waltham,
	Massachusetts 02454, USA. prinz@brandeis.edu},
  au = {Prinz, AA and Billimoria, CP and Marder, E},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00641.2003},
  da = {20031210},
  date-added = {2007-12-12 19:55:04 +0100},
  date-modified = {2007-12-12 19:55:21 +0100},
  dcom = {20040211},
  dep = {20030827},
  doi = {10.1152/jn.00641.2003},
  edat = {2003/08/29 05:00},
  gr = {MH-46742/MH/United States NIMH},
  issn = {0022-3077 (Print)},
  jid = {0375404},
  jt = {Journal of neurophysiology},
  keywords = {Algorithms; Animals; Computer Simulation; *Databases, Factual; Electric
	Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Membrane Potentials/physiology; Models,
	Neurological; Nephropidae; Neurons/classification/*physiology},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20071114},
  mhda = {2004/02/12 05:00},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  phst = {2003/08/27 {$[$}aheadofprint{$]$}},
  pii = {00641.2003},
  pl = {United States},
  pmid = {12944532},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support,
	U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.},
  pubm = {Print-Electronic},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {J Neurophysiol. 2003 Dec;90(6):3998-4015. Epub 2003 Aug 27. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Prinz04b,
  author = {Prinz, Astrid A and Bucher, Dirk and Marder, Eve},
  title = {Similar network activity from disparate circuit parameters.},
  journal = {Nat Neurosci},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {7},
  pages = {1345--1352},
  number = {12},
  abstract = {It is often assumed that cellular and synaptic properties need to
	be regulated to specific values to allow a neuronal network to function
	properly. To determine how tightly neuronal properties and synaptic
	strengths need to be tuned to produce a given network output, we
	simulated more than 20 million versions of a three-cell model of
	the pyloric network of the crustacean stomatogastric ganglion using
	different combinations of synapse strengths and neuron properties.
	We found that virtually indistinguishable network activity can arise
	from widely disparate sets of underlying mechanisms, suggesting that
	there could be considerable animal-to-animal variability in many
	of the parameters that control network activity, and that many different
	combinations of synaptic strengths and intrinsic membrane properties
	can be consistent with appropriate network performance.},
  address = {Volen Center and Biology Department, Brandeis University, Mail Stop
	013, 415 South Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454-9110, USA. prinz@brandeis.edu
	},
  au = {Prinz, AA and Bucher, D and Marder, E},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn1352},
  cin = {Nat Neurosci. 2004 Dec;7(12):1287-8. PMID: 15643435},
  da = {20050111},
  date-added = {2008-03-28 11:55:00 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-28 11:55:06 +0100},
  dcom = {20050215},
  dep = {20041121},
  doi = {10.1038/nn1352},
  edat = {2004/11/24 09:00},
  gr = {MH-46742/MH/United States NIMH},
  issn = {1097-6256 (Print)},
  jid = {9809671},
  jt = {Nature neuroscience},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20071114},
  mh = {Action Potentials/*physiology; Animals; Crustacea; Nerve Net/*physiology;
	Neurons/physiology; Synapses/physiology},
  mhda = {2005/02/16 09:00},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  phst = {2004/08/26 {$[$}received{$]$}; 2004/09/28 {$[$}accepted{$]$}; 2004/11/21
	{$[$}aheadofprint{$]$}},
  pii = {nn1352},
  pl = {United States},
  pmid = {15558066},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't;
	Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.},
  pubm = {Print-Electronic},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {Nat Neurosci. 2004 Dec;7(12):1345-52. Epub 2004 Nov 21. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Prinz04,
  author = {A.A. Prinz and L.F. Abbott and E. Marder},
  title = {The dynamic clamp comes of age},
  journal = {Trends in Neurosciences},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {27},
  pages = {218-224}
}
@article{Prinz04a,
  author = {Prinz, A.A. and Abbott, LF and Marder, E.},
  title = {{The dynamic clamp comes of age}},
  journal = {Trends Neurosci},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {27},
  pages = {218--224},
  number = {4},
  keywords = {various-artists},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Prinz03,
  author = {A.A. Prinz and C.P. Billimoria and E. Marder},
  title = {Alternative to hand-tuning conductance-based models: construction
	and analysis of databases of model neurons},
  journal = {J. Neurophysiology},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {90},
  pages = {3998-4015}
}
@article{Perez95,
  author = {P{\'e}rez, G. and Cerdeira, H.A.},
  title = {{Extracting Messages Masked by Chaos}},
  journal = {Physical Review Letters},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {74},
  pages = {1970--1973},
  number = {11},
  publisher = {APS}
}
@article{Quiroga05,
  author = {R. Quian Quiroga and L. Reddy and G Kreiman and C. Koch and I Fried},
  title = {Invariant visual representation by single neurons in the human brain},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {435},
  pages = {1102--1107},
  keywords = {Vision-Physiology},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Rabinovich06,
  author = {Rabinovich, M.I. and Varona, P. and Selverston, A.I. and Abarbanel,
	H.D.I.},
  title = {{Dynamical principles in neuroscience}},
  journal = {Reviews of Modern Physics},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {78},
  pages = {1213--1265},
  number = {4},
  keywords = {various-artists},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {APS},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{Rachevsky38,
  title = {Mathematical Biophysics},
  publisher = {University of Chicago Press; Reprinted by Dover, New York, 1960},
  year = {1938},
  author = {N. Rachevsky}
}
@inproceedings{Rahimi05,
  author = {Rahimi, A. and Recht, B. and Darrell, T.},
  title = {{Learning appearance manifolds from video}},
  booktitle = {IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
	(CVPR)},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {1},
  pages = {868--875},
  keywords = {Various-Artists},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Raiguel06,
  author = {S. Raiguel and R. Vogels and S. G. Mysore and G. A. Orban},
  title = {Learning to see the difference specifically alters the most informative
	V4 neurons},
  journal = {The Journal of Neuroscience},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {26},
  pages = {6589-6602},
  number = {24},
  keywords = {Perceptual-Learning},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@inproceedings{Rall89,
  author = {Wilfried Rall},
  title = {Cable theory for dendritic neurons},
  booktitle = {Methods in Neuronal Modeling},
  year = {1989},
  editor = {C. Koch and I. Segev},
  pages = {9-62},
  address = {Cambridge},
  publisher = {MIT Press}
}
@inproceedings{Rall64,
  author = {W. Rall},
  title = {Theoretical significance of dendritic trees for neuronal input--output
	relations.},
  booktitle = {Neural theory and modeling},
  year = {1964},
  editor = {R. F. Reiss},
  pages = {73--97},
  address = {Stanford CA},
  publisher = {Stanford University Press}
}
@book{Rall95,
  title = {The theoretical foundation of dendritic function : selected papers
	of Wilfrid Rall with commentaries },
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  year = {1995},
  author = {Rall, Wilfrid and Segev, Idan and Rinzel, John and Shepherd, Gordon
	M.},
  address = {Cambridge, Mass. },
  call-number = {QP361},
  date-added = {2008-03-26 15:00:21 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-26 15:00:26 +0100},
  dewey-call-number = {612.8},
  genre = {Dendrites},
  isbn = {0262193566},
  library-id = {94013538},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{Cajal09,
  title = {Histologie du syst{\`e}me nerveux de l'homme et des vert{\'e}br{\'e}},
  publisher = {A. Maloine},
  year = {1909},
  author = {S. {Ram{\`o}n y Cajal}},
  address = {Paris}
}
@article{Ranck73,
  author = {J.B. Ranck},
  title = {Studies on single neurons in dorsal hippocampal formation and septum
	in unrestrained rats. {I}. Behavioral correlates and firing repertoires.},
  journal = {Experimental Neurology},
  year = {1973},
  volume = {41},
  pages = {461--531},
  number = {2},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Ranck84,
  author = {J. B. Ranck},
  title = {Head direction cells in the deep cell layer of dorsolateral pre-subiculum
	in freely moving rats},
  journal = {Society for Neuroscience Abstracts},
  year = {1984},
  volume = {10},
  pages = {599},
  note = {First article on head direction cells},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Rao98a,
  author = {R. Rao and D. Ballard},
  title = {Development of localized oriented receptive fields by learning a
	translation-invariant code for natural images},
  journal = {Network: Computation in Neural Systems},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {9},
  pages = {219--234},
  keywords = {Vision-Models, vision, invariance learning},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@inproceedings{Rao98,
  author = {R. Rao and D. Ruderman},
  title = {Learning {Lie} groups for Invariant Visual Perception},
  booktitle = {Neural Information Processing Systems},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {1998},
  pages = {810--816},
  keywords = {Vision-Models, vision, invariance learning},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@misc{Rao01b,
  author = {Rao, R.P.N. and Sejnowski, T.J.},
  title = {{Spike-Timing-Dependent Hebbian Plasticity as Temporal Difference
	Learning}},
  year = {2001},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  number = {10},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pages = {2221--2237},
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  volume = {13}
}
@inproceedings{Rao00,
  author = {Rao, R.P.N. and Sejnowski, T.J.},
  title = {{Predictive sequence learning in recurrent neocortical circuits}},
  booktitle = {Neural Information Processing Systems},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {2000},
  pages = {164--170},
  keywords = {plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Rao99,
  author = {Rao, R P and Ballard, D H},
  title = {{P}redictive coding in the visual cortex: {A} functional interpretation
	of some extra-classical receptive-field effects},
  journal = {Nature Neuroscience},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {2},
  pages = {79--87},
  number = {1},
  month = {Jan},
  keywords = {Vision-Models},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Rao01a,
  author = {Rajesh P. Rao and Terrence J. Sejnowski},
  title = {Spike-Timing-Dependent {H}ebbian Plasticity as Temporal Difference
	Learning},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {13},
  pages = {2221--2238},
  number = {10},
  keywords = {slowness, Plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Rao01,
  author = {R. P. N. Rao and T. J. Sejnowski},
  title = {Spike-timing dependent {H}ebbian plasticity as temporal difference
	learning},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {13},
  pages = {2221-2237}
}
@article{Rapp92,
  author = {M. Rapp and Y. Yarom and I. Segev},
  title = {The impact of parallel fiber background activity pn the cable properties
	of cerebellar {\protect Purkinje} cells},
  journal = {Neural Comput.},
  year = {1992},
  volume = {4},
  pages = {518-533}
}
@article{Rauch03,
  author = {A. Rauch and G. Camera and H. L{\"u}scher and W. Senn and S. Fusi},
  title = {Neocortical pyramidal cells respond as integrate-and-fire neurons
	to in-vivo-like input currents},
  journal = {J. Neurophysiology},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {90},
  pages = {1598-1612}
}
@article{Rauch03a,
  author = {Rauch, Alexander and La Camera, Giancarlo and Luscher, Hans-Rudolf
	and Senn, Walter and Fusi, Stefano},
  title = {Neocortical pyramidal cells respond as integrate-and-fire neurons
	to in vivo-like input currents.},
  journal = {J Neurophysiol},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {90},
  pages = {1598--1612},
  number = {3},
  abstract = {In the intact brain neurons are constantly exposed to intense synaptic
	activity. This heavy barrage of excitatory and inhibitory inputs
	was recreated in vitro by injecting a noisy current, generated as
	an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process, into the soma of rat neocortical pyramidal
	cells. The response to such in vivo-like currents was studied systematically
	by analyzing the time development of the instantaneous spike frequency,
	and when possible, the stationary mean spike frequency as a function
	of both the mean and the variance of the input current. All cells
	responded with an in vivo-like action potential activity with stationary
	statistics that could be sustained throughout long stimulation intervals
	(tens of seconds), provided the frequencies were not too high. The
	temporal evolution of the response revealed the presence of mechanisms
	of fast and slow spike frequency adaptation, and a medium duration
	mechanism of facilitation. For strong input currents, the slow adaptation
	mechanism made the spike frequency response nonstationary. The minimal
	frequencies that caused strong slow adaptation (a decrease in the
	spike rate by more than 1 Hz/s), were in the range 30-80 Hz and depended
	on the pipette solution used. The stationary response function has
	been fitted by two simple models of integrate-and-fire neurons endowed
	with a frequency-dependent modification of the input current. This
	accounts for all the fast and slow mechanisms of adaptation and facilitation
	that determine the stationary response, and proved necessary to fit
	the model to the experimental data. The coefficient of variability
	of the interspike interval was also in part captured by the model
	neurons, by tuning the parameters of the model to match the mean
	spike frequencies only. We conclude that the integrate-and-fire model
	with spike-frequency-dependent adaptation/facilitation is an adequate
	model reduction of cortical cells when the mean spike-frequency response
	to in vivo-like currents with stationary statistics is considered.},
  address = {Institute of Physiology, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.},
  au = {Rauch, A and La Camera, G and Luscher, HR and Senn, W and Fusi, S},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00293.2003},
  da = {20030910},
  date-added = {2008-03-27 01:34:17 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-27 01:34:22 +0100},
  dcom = {20031119},
  dep = {20030515},
  doi = {10.1152/jn.00293.2003},
  edat = {2003/05/17 05:00},
  issn = {0022-3077 (Print)},
  jid = {0375404},
  jt = {Journal of neurophysiology},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20061115},
  mh = {Action Potentials/*physiology; Animals; Female; Male; Models, Biological;
	Neocortex/*physiology; Neurons/physiology; Pyramidal Cells/*physiology;
	Rats; Rats, Wistar},
  mhda = {2003/12/03 05:00},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  phst = {2003/05/15 {$[$}aheadofprint{$]$}},
  pii = {00293.2003},
  pl = {United States},
  pmid = {12750422},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {In Vitro; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't},
  pubm = {Print-Electronic},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {J Neurophysiol. 2003 Sep;90(3):1598-612. Epub 2003 May 15. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Recanzone92,
  author = {G. H. Recanzone and W. M. Jenkins and G. T. Hradek and M. M. Merzenich},
  title = {Progressive improvement in discriminative abilities in adult owl
	monkeys performing a tactive frequency discrimination task},
  journal = {The Journal of Neurophysiology},
  year = {1992},
  volume = {67},
  pages = {1015-1030},
  keywords = {Perceptual-Learning},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Recanzone93,
  author = {G. H. Recanzone and C. E. Schreiner and M. M. Merzenich},
  title = {Plasticity in the frequency representation of primary auditory cortex
	following discrimination training in adult owl monkeys},
  journal = {The Journal of Neuroscience},
  year = {1993},
  volume = {13},
  pages = {87-103},
  keywords = {Perceptual-Learning},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Recce96,
  author = {M. Recce and K.D. Harris},
  title = {{Memory for places: a navigational model in support of Marr's theory
	of hippocampal function}},
  journal = {Hippocampus},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {6},
  pages = {735--748}
}
@article{Reddy06,
  author = {L. Reddy and N. Kanwisher},
  title = {Coding of visual objects in the ventral stream},
  journal = {Current Opinions in Neurobiololy},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {16},
  pages = {408--14},
  number = {4},
  keywords = {Vision},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Redish04,
  author = {AD Redish},
  title = {Addiction as a computational process gone awry},
  journal = {Science},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {306},
  pages = {1944--1947}
}
@article{Redish01,
  author = {A.D. Redish},
  title = {The hippocampal debate: are we asking the right questions?},
  journal = {Behavioral Brain Research},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {127},
  pages = {81--98},
  number = {1--2},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{Redish99,
  title = {{Beyond the Cognitive Map, From Place Cells to Episodic Memory}},
  publisher = {MIT Press-Bradford Books},
  year = {1999},
  author = {A. D. Redish},
  address = {London}
}
@book{Redish99a,
  title = {Beyond the Cognitive Map - From Place Cells to Episodic Memory},
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  year = {1999},
  author = {A. D. Redish},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Redish00,
  author = {A. D. Redish and B. L. McNaughton and C. A. Barnes},
  title = {Place cell firing shows an inertia-like process},
  journal = {Neurocomputing},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {32--33},
  pages = {235--241},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{Reed72,
  title = {{Methods of modern mathematical physics. 1. Functional analysis}},
  publisher = {Academic Press},
  year = {1972},
  author = {Reed, M. and Simon, B.},
  keywords = {various-artists},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Regehr90,
  author = {Regehr, W G and Tank, D W},
  title = {Postsynaptic NMDA receptor-mediated calcium accumulation in hippocampal
	CA1 pyramidal cell dendrites.},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {1990},
  volume = {345},
  pages = {807--810},
  number = {6278},
  abstract = {In the CA1 hippocampal region, intracellular calcium is a putative
	second messenger for the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP),
	a persistent increase of synaptic transmission produced by high frequency
	afferent fibre stimulation. Because LTP in this region is blocked
	by the NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptor antagonist AP5 (DL-2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric
	acid) and the calcium permeability of NMDA receptors is controlled
	by a voltage-dependent magnesium block, a model has emerged that
	suggests that the calcium permeability of NMDA receptor-coupled ion
	channels is the biophysical basis for LTP induction. We have performed
	microfluorometric measurements in individual CA1 pyramidal cells
	during stimulus trains that induce LTP. In addition to a widespread
	component of postsynaptic calcium accumulation previously described,
	we now report that brief high frequency stimulus trains produce a
	transient component spatially localized to dendritic areas near activated
	afferents. This localized component is blocked by the NMDA receptor
	antagonist AP5. The results directly confirm the calcium rise predicted
	by NMDA receptor models of LTP induction.},
  address = {Biophysics Research Department, AT\&T Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill,
	New Jersey 07974.},
  au = {Regehr, WG and Tank, DW},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/345807a0},
  da = {19900802},
  date-added = {2008-03-28 23:35:04 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-28 23:35:20 +0100},
  dcom = {19900802},
  doi = {10.1038/345807a0},
  edat = {1990/06/28},
  issn = {0028-0836 (Print)},
  jid = {0410462},
  jt = {Nature},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20061115},
  mh = {2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate/pharmacology; Animals; Calcium/*metabolism;
	Electric Stimulation; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus/cytology/*physiology;
	Learning/physiology; Neural Pathways/physiology; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate;
	Receptors, Neurotransmitter/*physiology; Synaptic Transmission},
  mhda = {1990/06/28 00:01},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pl = {ENGLAND},
  pmid = {1972782},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {In Vitro; Journal Article},
  pubm = {Print},
  rn = {0 (Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate); 0 (Receptors, Neurotransmitter);
	7440-70-2 (Calcium); 76726-92-6 (2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate)},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {Nature. 1990 Jun 28;345(6278):807-10. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Reich98,
  author = {D.S. Reich and J.D. Victor and B.W. Knight},
  title = {The power ratio and the interval map: spiking models and extracellular
	recordings},
  journal = {J. of Neuroscience},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {18},
  pages = {10090-10104},
  number = {23},
  annote = {introduces a modulated renewal process: modulated renewal processes
	are further divided in (i)simple modulated renewal processes (that
	can be mapped to standard renewal processes by a rescaling of time)
	and (ii) a second class that contains the leaky IF neuron and the
	Poisson neuron with absolute refractoriness. The conceps are tested
	on experimental and model data.
	
	}
}
@article{Reich97,
  author = {D.S. Reich and J.D. Victor and B.W. Knight and T. Ozaki and E. Kaplan},
  title = {Response Variability and Timing precision of neuronal spike trains
	in vivo},
  journal = {J. Neurophysiology},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {77},
  pages = {2836-2841}
}
@incollection{Reichardt69,
  author = {W. Reichardt},
  title = {Movement perception in insects},
  booktitle = {Processing of optical data by organisms and by machines},
  publisher = {Academic Press, New York},
  year = {1969},
  editor = {W. Reichardt}
}
@book{Reif87,
  title = {{Statistische Physik und Theorie der W{\"a}rme}},
  publisher = {de Gruyter},
  year = {1987},
  author = {Reif, F. and Muschik, W.},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Reinagel00,
  author = {P. Reinagel and R. C. Reid},
  title = {Temporal coding of visual information in the thalamus},
  journal = {J. of Neuroscience},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {20},
  pages = {5392-5400}
}
@article{Reinagel02,
  author = {P. Reinagel and R. C. Reid},
  title = {Precise firing events are conserved across neurons},
  journal = {J. of Neuroscience},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {22},
  pages = {6837-6841}
}
@book{Reiss64,
  title = {Neural theory and modeling: proceedings of the 1962 Ojai symposium},
  publisher = {Stanford University Press},
  year = {1964},
  author = {Reiss, Richard F.},
  address = {Stanford, Calif.},
  call-number = {QP361},
  date-added = {2008-03-26 17:39:24 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-26 17:39:36 +0100},
  dewey-call-number = {574.18},
  genre = {Neurology},
  library-id = {64013359},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@inproceedings{Reitboeck83,
  author = {H. J. A. Reitboeck},
  title = {A multi electrode matrix for studies of temporal signal correlations
	within neural assemblies.},
  booktitle = {Synergetics of the brain},
  year = {1983},
  editor = {Basar E. et al.},
  pages = {174--182},
  address = {Berlin Heidelberg New York},
  publisher = {Springer--Verlag}
}
@article{Renart03,
  author = {A. Renart and P. Song and X. J. Wang},
  title = {Robust Spatial Working Memory through homeostatic synaptic scaling
	in heterogeneous Cortical Networks},
  journal = {Neuron},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {38},
  pages = {473--485},
  keywords = {plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@incollection{Rescorla72,
  author = {R.A. Rescorla and A.R. Wagner},
  title = {A theory of Pavlovian conditioning: variations in the effectiveness
	of reinforecement and nonreinforcement},
  booktitle = {Classical Conditioning \protect{II}: current research and theory},
  publisher = {Appleton Century Crofts},
  year = {1972},
  editor = {A. H. Black and W.F. Prokasy},
  pages = {64-99},
  address = {New York}
}
@article{Reutimann02,
  author = {J. Reutimann and M. Giugliano and S. Fusi},
  title = {Event-driven simulation of spiking neurons with stochastic dynamics},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {xx},
  pages = {xx}
}
@article{Reyes96,
  author = {A. D. Reyes and E. W. Rubel and W. J. Spain},
  title = {In vitro analysis of optimal stimuli for phase-locking and time-delayed
	modulation of firing in avian nucleus laminaris neuron},
  journal = {J. Neurosci},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {16},
  pages = {993-1007}
}
@article{Reyes94,
  author = {A. D. Reyes and E. W. Rubel and W. J. Spain},
  title = {Membrane properties Underlying the Firing of Neurons in the Avian
	Cochlear Nucleus},
  journal = {J. Neurosci.},
  year = {1994},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {5352--5364},
  number = {9}
}
@article{Reynolds01,
  author = {Reynolds, John N. J. and Hyland, Brian I. and Wickens, Jeffery R.},
  title = {A cellular mechanism of reward-related learning},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {413},
  pages = {67--70},
  number = {6851},
  month = sep,
  comment = {10.1038/35092560},
  issn = {0028-0836},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35092560}
}
@article{Rhode86,
  author = {William S. Rhode and Philip H. Smith},
  title = {Encoding Timing and Intensity in the Ventral Cochlear Nucleus of
	the Cat},
  journal = {J. Neurophysiol.},
  year = {1986},
  volume = {56},
  pages = {261--286},
  number = {2}
}
@article{Rhode86a,
  author = {William S. Rhode and Philip H. Smith},
  title = {Physiological Studies on Neurons in the Dorsal Cochlear Nucleus of
	the Cat},
  journal = {J. Neurophysiol.},
  year = {1986},
  volume = {56},
  pages = {287--307},
  number = {2}
}
@article{Rhodes07,
  author = {A. Rhodes-Morrison and A. Aertsen and M. Diesmann},
  title = {Spike-timing dependent plasticity in balanced random networks},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {19},
  pages = {1437-1467}
}
@book{Riccardi77,
  title = {Diffusion Processes and related topics in biology},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
  year = {1977},
  author = {L. M. Ricciardi},
  address = {Berlin}
}
@article{Rich07,
  author = {Mark M. Rich and Peter Wenner},
  title = {Sensing and expressing homeostatic synaptic plasticity},
  journal = {Trends in Neurosciences},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {30},
  pages = {119-125},
  number = {3},
  month = mar,
  keywords = {plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6T0V-4MY0TK9-1/2/72817062104ed62a6cea62a6d2a04a71}
}
@article{Kempter01b,
  author = {Richard Kempter and Christian Leibold and Hermann Wagner and J. Leo van
	Hemmen},
  title = {Formation of temporal-feature maps by axonal propagation of synaptic
	learning},
  journal = {Proc. Natl. Academy of Sciences USA},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {98},
  pages = {4166-4171}
}
@article{Richardson04,
  author = {M.J.E. Richardson},
  title = {The Effects of Synaptic Conductance on the Voltage Distribution and
	Firing Rate of Spiking Neurons},
  journal = {Physical Review E},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {69},
  pages = {51918}
}
@article{Richardson03a,
  author = {MJE Richardson and N. Brunel and V. Hakim},
  title = {from Subthreshold to Firing-Rate Resonance},
  journal = {J. Neurophysiology},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {89},
  pages = {2538-2554}
}
@article{Richardson06a,
  author = {M.J.E. Richardson and W. Gerstner},
  title = { Statistics of subthreshold neuronal voltage fluctuations due to
	conductance-based synaptic shot noise },
  journal = {Chaos},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {16},
  pages = {26106}
}
@article{Richardson05,
  author = {M.J.E. Richardson and W. Gerstner},
  title = {Synaptic Shot Noise and Conductance Fluctuations Affect the Membrane
	Voltage with Equal Significance},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {17},
  pages = {923-947}
}
@article{Richardson05b,
  author = {M.J.E. Richardson and O. Melamed and G. Silberberg and W. Gerstner
	and H. Markram},
  title = {Short-term-plasticity orchestrates the response of pyramidal cells
	and interneurons to population bursts },
  journal = {J. Computational Neuroscience},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {18},
  pages = {323-331}
}
@article{Richardson03,
  author = {Richardson, Magnus J E and Brunel, Nicolas and Hakim, Vincent},
  title = {From subthreshold to firing-rate resonance.},
  journal = {J Neurophysiol},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {89},
  pages = {2538--2554},
  number = {5},
  abstract = {Many types of neurons exhibit subthreshold resonance. However, little
	is known about whether this frequency preference influences spike
	emission. Here, the link between subthreshold resonance and firing
	rate is examined in the framework of conductance-based models. A
	classification of the subthreshold properties of a general class
	of neurons is first provided. In particular, a class of neurons is
	identified in which the input impedance exhibits a suppression at
	a nonzero low frequency as well as a peak at higher frequency. The
	analysis is then extended to the effect of subthreshold resonance
	on the dynamics of the firing rate. The considered input current
	comprises a background noise term, mimicking the massive synaptic
	bombardment in vivo. Of interest is the modulatory effect an additional
	weak oscillating current has on the instantaneous firing rate. When
	the noise is weak and firing regular, the frequency most preferentially
	modulated is the firing rate itself. Conversely, when the noise is
	strong and firing irregular, the modulation is strongest at the subthreshold
	resonance frequency. These results are demonstrated for two specific
	conductance-based models and for a generalization of the integrate-and-fire
	model that captures subthreshold resonance. They suggest that resonant
	neurons are able to communicate their frequency preference to postsynaptic
	targets when the level of noise is comparable to that prevailing
	in vivo.},
  address = {Laboratoire de Physique Statistique, Ecole Normale Superieure, 75231
	Paris Cedex 05, France. Magnus.Richardson@epfl.ch},
  au = {Richardson, MJ and Brunel, N and Hakim, V},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00955.2002},
  da = {20030512},
  date-added = {2008-03-14 17:10:13 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-14 17:10:18 +0100},
  dcom = {20030702},
  dep = {20021227},
  doi = {10.1152/jn.00955.2002},
  edat = {2003/03/04 04:00},
  issn = {0022-3077 (Print)},
  jid = {0375404},
  jt = {Journal of neurophysiology},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20061115},
  mh = {Algorithms; Electrophysiology; Hippocampus/cytology/physiology; Interneurons/physiology;
	Membrane Potentials/physiology; Models, Neurological; Neural Conduction/physiology;
	Neurons/*physiology; Stochastic Processes; Synapses/physiology},
  mhda = {2003/07/03 05:00},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  phst = {2002/12/27 {$[$}aheadofprint{$]$}},
  pii = {00955.2002},
  pl = {United States},
  pmid = {12611957},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't},
  pubm = {Print-Electronic},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {J Neurophysiol. 2003 May;89(5):2538-54. Epub 2002 Dec 27. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Richmond90,
  author = {Barry J. Richmond and Lance M. Optican and Hedva Spitzer},
  title = {Temporal Encoding of Two-Dimensional Patterns by Single Units in
	Primate Primary Visual Cortex. I. Stimulus-Response Relations},
  journal = {{Journal of Neuroscience}},
  year = {1990},
  volume = {64},
  pages = {351--369},
  number = {2},
  keywords = {Vision-Physiology},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Riedel88,
  author = {U. Riedel and R. K\protect{\"u}hn and J. L. van~Hemmen},
  title = {Temporal sequences and chaos in neural nets.},
  journal = {Phys. Rev. A},
  year = {1988},
  volume = {38},
  pages = {1105--1108}
}
@article{Riegle07,
  author = {Riegle, Kenneth C. and Meyer, Ronald L.},
  title = {Rapid Homeostatic Plasticity in the Intact Adult Visual System},
  journal = {Journal of Neuroscience},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {27},
  pages = {10556-10567},
  number = {39},
  abstract = {Neurons may possess activity-dependent homeostatic mechanisms that
	permit them to globally alter synaptic strength as activity varies.
	We used the retinotectal projection of goldfish to test this idea
	in the intact adult CNS. We first altered tectal neuron activity
	by selectively manipulating excitatory input. When excitatory synaptic
	drive to tectal neurons was eliminated by blocking optic fibers,
	current evoked at optic synapses increased by 183% within 90 min.
	With partial activity blockade, the increase in synaptic strength
	scaled with the magnitude of activity depression. This silence-induced
	potentiation was also rapidly reversible. Conversely, an increase
	in optic input was followed by a decrease in evoked synaptic current.
	When optic drive was not altered and tectal neuronal activity was
	instead increased or decreased pharmacologically via GABAA receptors,
	synaptic strength again changed inversely with activity, indicating
	that synaptic strength changed in response to neuronal activity and
	not excitatory drive. Furthermore, altered synaptic strength tended
	to return ongoing activity to baseline. Changes in synaptic strength
	could also be detected in heterosynaptic pathways, indicating a global
	response. Finally, changes in synaptic strength were associated with
	corresponding changes in ongoing and evoked firing rates, indicating
	that the responsivity of tectal neurons was altered. Thus, tectal
	neurons exhibit archetypical homeostasis, one of the first robust
	examples in the intact adult CNS.},
  doi = {10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1631-07.2007},
  eprint = {http://www.jneurosci.org/cgi/reprint/27/39/10556.pdf},
  keywords = {Plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  url = {http://www.jneurosci.org/cgi/content/abstract/27/39/10556}
}
@book{Rieke97,
  title = {Spikes : exploring the neural code },
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  year = {1997},
  author = {Rieke, Fred},
  address = {Cambridge, Mass. },
  call-number = {QP364.5},
  date-added = {2008-03-29 12:55:45 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-29 12:55:52 +0100},
  dewey-call-number = {612.8},
  genre = {Neural transmission},
  isbn = {0262181746 (hc : alk. paper)},
  library-id = {95046161},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{Rieke96,
  title = {Spikes - Exploring the neural code},
  publisher = {MIT Press, Cambridge, MA},
  year = {1996},
  author = {F. Rieke and D. Warland and R. de Ruyter van Steveninck and W. Bialek}
}
@article{Ringach07,
  author = {Ringach, D.L.},
  title = {On the Origin of the Functional Architecture of the Cortex},
  journal = {PLoS ONE},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {2},
  pages = {e251},
  number = {2},
  keywords = {Vision,Vision-Models},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {Public Library of Science San Francisco, USA},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Ringach97,
  author = {Ringach, D.L. and Hawken, M.J. and Shapley, R.},
  title = {Dynamics of orientation tuning in macaque primary visual cortex},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {387},
  pages = {281--284},
  number = {6630},
  keywords = {vision, vision-physiology},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Rinzel85,
  author = {John Rinzel},
  title = {Excitation Dynamics: insights from simplified membrane models},
  journal = {Theoretical Trends in Neuroscience: Federation Proceedings},
  year = {1985},
  volume = {44},
  pages = {2944-2946},
  number = {15}
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	Neurological; Neocortex/cytology/*physiology; Nerve Net/cytology/*physiology;
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  author = {Sakmann, Bert and Neher, Erwin},
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  edition = {2nd ed},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0813/95003364-d.html},
  call-number = {QH603.I54},
  date-added = {2008-03-18 16:41:22 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-18 16:41:27 +0100},
  dewey-call-number = {574.87/5},
  genre = {Ion channels},
  isbn = {030644870X},
  library-id = {95003364},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  url = {http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0813/95003364-d.html}
}
@article{Salinas06,
  author = {Salinas, Emilio},
  title = {How Behavioral Constraints May Determine Optimal Sensory Representations},
  journal = {PLoS Biology},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {4},
  pages = {e387--},
  number = {12},
  month = dec,
  abstract = {The sensory-triggered activity of a neuron is typically characterized
	in terms of a tuning curve, which describes the neuron's average
	response as a function of a parameter that characterizes a physical
	stimulus. What determines the shapes of tuning curves in a neuronal
	population? Previous theoretical studies and related experiments
	suggest that many response characteristics of sensory neurons are
	optimal for encoding stimulus-related information. This notion, however,
	does not explain the two general types of tuning profiles that are
	commonly observed: unimodal and monotonic. Here I quantify the efficacy
	of a set of tuning curves according to the possible downstream motor
	responses that can be constructed from them. Curves that are optimal
	in this sense may have monotonic or nonmonotonic profiles, where
	the proportion of monotonic curves and the optimal tuning-curve width
	depend on the general properties of the target downstream functions.
	This dependence explains intriguing features of visual cells that
	are sensitive to binocular disparity and of neurons tuned to echo
	delay in bats. The numerical results suggest that optimal sensory
	tuning curves are shaped not only by stimulus statistics and signal-to-noise
	properties but also according to their impact on downstream neural
	circuits and, ultimately, on behavior.},
  keywords = {Optimal-Coding},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.0040387}
}
@article{Salinas97,
  author = {E. Salinas and L.F. Abbott},
  title = {Invariant visual responses from attentional gain fields},
  journal = {J. of Neurophysiology},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {77},
  pages = {3267-3272}
}
@article{Salinas96,
  author = {E. Salinas and L.F. Abbott},
  title = {A model of multiplicative neural responses in parietal cortex},
  journal = {Proc. Natl. Academy Sci. USA},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {93},
  pages = {11956-11961}
}
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  author = {E. Salinas and L.F. Abbott},
  title = {Transfer of coded information from sensory to motor networks},
  journal = {J. of Neuroscience},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {15},
  pages = {6461-6476}
}
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  author = {E. Salinas and L.F. Abbott},
  title = {Vector reconstruction from firing rates},
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  year = {1994},
  volume = {1},
  pages = {89-107}
}
@article{Salinas02,
  author = {E. Salinas and T. Sejnowski},
  title = {Integrate-and-fire neurons driven by correlated stochastic input},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {2111-2155}
}
@article{Salinas00,
  author = {E. Salinas and T.J. Sejnowski},
  title = {Impact of correlated synaptic input on output firing rate and variability
	in simple neuronal models},
  journal = {J. of Neuroscience},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {20},
  pages = {6193-6209}
}
@article{Samejima05,
  author = {K Samejima and Y Ueda and K Doya and M Kimura},
  title = {Representation of action-specific reward value in the striatum},
  journal = {Science},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {310},
  pages = {1337--1340}
}
@book{Sampath77,
  title = {Stochastic models for spike trains of single neurons},
  publisher = {Springer},
  year = {1977},
  author = {G. Sampath and S. K. Srinivasan},
  address = {Berlin Heidelberg New York}
}
@article{Samsonowitch97,
  author = {A. Samsonovich and B.L. McNaughton},
  title = {{Path integration and cognitive mapping in a continuous attractor
	neural network model}},
  journal = {Journal of Neuroscience},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {17},
  pages = {5900-5920}
}
@book{Sanders85,
  title = {Averaging methods in nonlinear dynamics systems},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
  year = {1985},
  author = {J. A. Sanders and F. Verhulst},
  address = {New York}
}
@article{Sandfuchs01,
  author = {Sandfuchs, O. and Kaiser, F. and Beli{\'c}, MR},
  title = {{Self-organization and Fourier selection of optical patterns in a
	nonlinear photorefractive feedback system}},
  journal = {Physical Review A},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {64},
  pages = {63809},
  number = {6},
  keywords = {various-artists},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {APS},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@inproceedings{Sanger94,
  author = {Terence D. Sanger},
  title = {Optimal Unsupervised Learning Predicts the Internal Representation
	of Barn Owl Head Movements},
  booktitle = {Neural Information Processing Systems},
  year = {1994},
  editor = {Jack D. Cowan and Gerald Tesauro and Joshua Alspector},
  volume = {6},
  pages = {614--621},
  address = {San Francisco},
  publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann}
}
@article{Sanger03,
  author = {T. D. Sanger},
  title = {Neural population codes},
  journal = {Current Opinion in Neurobiology},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {13},
  pages = {238-249},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Sanger89,
  author = {T. D. Sanger},
  title = {Optimal unsupervised learning in a single-layer linear feedforward
	neural network},
  journal = {Neural Networks},
  year = {1989},
  volume = {2},
  pages = {459-473}
}
@article{Sargolini06,
  author = {Sargolini, Francesca and Fyhn, Marianne and Hafting, Torkel and McNaughton,
	Bruce L and Witter, Menno P and Moser, May-Britt and Moser, Edvard
	I},
  title = {Conjunctive representation of position, direction, and velocity in
	entorhinal cortex},
  journal = {Science},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {312},
  pages = {758--762},
  number = {5774},
  month = {May},
  keywords = {hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Sathian97,
  author = {K. Sathian and A. Zangaladze},
  title = {Tactile learning is task-specific but transfers between fingers},
  journal = {Perceptual Psychophysics},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {59},
  pages = {119-128},
  keywords = {Perceptual-Learning},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Saudargiene03,
  author = {A. Saudargiene and B. Porr and F. W{\"o}rg{\"o}tter},
  title = {How the shape of pre- and postsynaptic signals can influence STDP:
	A biophysical model},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {16},
  pages = {595-626}
}
@article{Save00,
  author = {E. Save and L. Nerad and B. Poucet},
  title = {Contribution of multiple sensory information to place field stability
	in hippocampal place cells},
  journal = {Hippocampus},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {10},
  pages = {64--76},
  number = {1},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Scarpetta02,
  author = {S. Scarpetta and L. Zhaoping and J. Hertz},
  title = {Hebbian imprinting and retrieval in oscillatory neural networks},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {2371-2396}
}
@article{Schoelkopf95,
  author = {B. Sch\"olkopf and H.A. Mallot},
  title = {{View-based cognitive mapping and path planning}},
  journal = {Adaptive Behavior},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {311--348}
}
@book{Schoelkopf02,
  title = {Learning with kernels: support vector machines, regularization, optimization,
	and beyond,},
  publisher = {MIT Press Cambridge},
  year = {2002},
  author = {B. Sch\"olkopf and A.J. Smola}
}
@article{Schaefer03,
  author = {Schaefer, Andreas T and Larkum, Matthew E and Sakmann, Bert and Roth,
	Arnd},
  title = {Coincidence detection in pyramidal neurons is tuned by their dendritic
	branching pattern.},
  journal = {J Neurophysiol},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {89},
  pages = {3143--3154},
  number = {6},
  abstract = {Neurons display a variety of complex dendritic morphologies even within
	the same class. We examined the relationship between dendritic arborization
	and the coupling between somatic and dendritic action potential (AP)
	initiation sites in layer 5 (L5) neocortical pyramidal neurons. Coupling
	was defined as the relative reduction in threshold for initiation
	of a dendritic calcium AP due to a coincident back-propagating AP.
	Simulations based on reconstructions of biocytin-filled cells showed
	that addition of oblique branches of the main apical dendrite in
	close proximity to the soma (d < 140 microm) increases the coupling
	between the apical and axosomatic AP initiation zones, whereas incorporation
	of distal branches decreases coupling. Experimental studies on L5
	pyramids in acute brain slices revealed a highly significant (n =
	28, r = 0.63, P < 0.0005) correlation: increasing the fraction of
	proximal oblique dendrites (d < 140 microm), e.g., from 30 to 60%
	resulted on average in an increase of the coupling from approximately
	35% to almost 60%. We conclude that variation in dendritic arborization
	may be a key determinant of variability in coupling (49 +/- 17%;
	range 19-83%; n = 37) and is likely to outweigh the contribution
	made by variations in active membrane properties. Thus coincidence
	detection of inputs arriving from different cortical layers is strongly
	regulated by differences in dendritic arborization.},
  address = {Abteilung Zellphysiologie, Max-Planck-Institut fur medizinische Forschung,
	D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. schaefer@mpimf-heidelberg.mpg.de},
  au = {Schaefer, AT and Larkum, ME and Sakmann, B and Roth, A},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00046.2003},
  cin = {J Neurophysiol. 2003 Jun;89(6):2887-8. PMID: 12783945},
  da = {20030604},
  date-added = {2008-03-28 22:20:59 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-28 22:21:10 +0100},
  dcom = {20030801},
  dep = {20030226},
  doi = {10.1152/jn.00046.2003},
  edat = {2003/03/04 04:00},
  issn = {0022-3077 (Print)},
  jid = {0375404},
  jt = {Journal of neurophysiology},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20031114},
  mh = {*Action Potentials; Animals; Dendrites/*physiology; Electrophysiology;
	Membrane Potentials; *Models, Biological; Pyramidal Cells/*physiology;
	Rats; Rats, Wistar; Somatosensory Cortex/*physiology},
  mhda = {2003/08/02 05:00},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  phst = {2003/02/26 {$[$}aheadofprint{$]$}},
  pii = {00046.2003},
  pl = {United States},
  pmid = {12612010},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article},
  pubm = {Print-Electronic},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {J Neurophysiol. 2003 Jun;89(6):3143-54. Epub 2003 Feb 26. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@incollection{Scheier98,
  author = {C. Scheier and R. Pfeifer},
  title = {Exploiting Embodiment for Category Learning},
  booktitle = {From Animals to Animats 5},
  publisher = {MIT-Press},
  year = {1998},
  editor = {R. Pfeifer, P. Blumberg, J.-A. Meyer and S.W. Wilson},
  pages = {32-37}
}
@incollection{Scherf94,
  author = {O. Scherf and K. Pawelzik and F. Wolf and T. Geisel},
  title = {Unification of Complementary Feature Map Models},
  booktitle = {ICANN 94},
  publisher = {Springer},
  year = {1994},
  editor = {M. Marinaro and P. G. Morasso},
  pages = {338-341}
}
@mastersthesis{Schiegg94a,
  author = {A. Schiegg},
  title = {Dynamik des intrazellul\protect{\"{a}}ren {C}alciums bei der {I}nduktion
	von {L}ong-{T}erm-{P}otentiation.},
  school = {Technische Universit\protect{\"{a}}t M\protect{\"{u}}nchen},
  year = {1994},
  type = {Diplomarbeit}
}
@article{Schiegg95,
  author = {A. Schiegg and W. Gerstner and J.L. van Hemmen},
  title = {Intracellular $\protect{C}a^{2+}$ stores can account for the time
	course of \protect{LTP} induction: A model of $\protect{C}a^{2+}$
	dynamics in dendritic spines.},
  journal = {J. Neurophysiol.},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {74},
  pages = {1046-1055}
}
@article{Schillen91,
  author = {T. B. Schillen and P. K\protect{\"{o}}nig},
  title = {Stimulus--dependent assembly formation of oscillatory responses:
	II. Desynchronization.},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {1991},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {167--178}
}
@article{Schiller97,
  author = {Schiller, J and Schiller, Y and Stuart, G and Sakmann, B},
  title = {Calcium action potentials restricted to distal apical dendrites of
	rat neocortical pyramidal neurons.},
  journal = {J Physiol},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {505},
  pages = {605--616},
  number = {3},
  abstract = {1. Simultaneous whole-cell voltage and Ca2+ fluorescence measurements
	were made from the distal apical dendrites and the soma of thick
	tufted pyramidal neurons in layer 5 of 4-week-old (P28-32) rat neocortex
	slices to investigate whether activation of distal synaptic inputs
	can initiate regenerative responses in dendrites. 2. Dual whole-cell
	voltage recordings from the distal apical trunk and primary tuft
	branches (540-940 microns distal to the soma) showed that distal
	synaptic stimulation (upper layer 2) evoking a subthreshold depolarization
	at the soma could initiate regenerative potentials in distal branches
	of the apical tuft which were either graded or all-or-none. These
	regenerative potentials did not propagate actively to the soma and
	axon. 3. Calcium fluorescence measurements along the apical dendrites
	indicated that the regenerative potentials were associated with a
	transient increase in the concentration of intracellular free calcium
	([Ca2+]i) restricted to distal dendrites. 4. Cadmium added to the
	bath solution blocked both the all-or-more dendritic regenerative
	potentials and local dendritic [Ca2+]i transients evoked by distal
	dendritic current injection. Thus, the regenerative potentials in
	distal dendrites represent local Ca2+ action potentials. 5. Initiation
	of distal Ca2+ action potentials by a synaptic stimulus required
	coactivation of AMPA- and NMDA-type glutamate receptor channels.
	6. It is concluded that in neocortical layer 5 pyramidal neurons
	of P28-32 animals glutamatergic synaptic inputs to the distal apical
	dendrites can be amplified via local Ca2+ action potentials which
	do not reach threshold for axonal AP initiation. As amplification
	of distal excitatory synaptic input is associated with a localized
	increase in [Ca2+]i these Ca2+ action potentials could control the
	synaptic efficacy of the distal cortico-cortical inputs to layer
	5 pyramidal neurons.},
  address = {Abteilung Zellphysiologie, Max-Planck-Institut fur medizinische Forschung,
	Heidelberg, Germany.},
  au = {Schiller, J and Schiller, Y and Stuart, G and Sakmann, B},
  da = {19980312},
  date-added = {2008-03-28 23:37:21 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-28 23:38:49 +0100},
  dcom = {19980312},
  edat = {1998/02/11},
  issn = {0022-3751 (Print)},
  jid = {0266262},
  jt = {The Journal of physiology},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20061115},
  mh = {Action Potentials/physiology; Animals; Axons/physiology; Calcium/*physiology;
	Dendrites/*physiology; Electric Conductivity; Excitatory Amino Acid
	Agonists/pharmacology; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials/physiology;
	Fluorescence; Isoxazoles/pharmacology; Neocortex/*physiology/ultrastructure;
	Patch-Clamp Techniques; Propionates/pharmacology; Pyramidal Cells/*physiology/ultrastructure;
	Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/physiology},
  mhda = {1998/02/11 00:01},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pl = {ENGLAND},
  pmid = {9457639},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {In Vitro; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't},
  pubm = {Print},
  rn = {0 (Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists); 0 (Isoxazoles); 0 (Propionates);
	0 (Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate); 140158-50-5 (alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-tert-butyl-4-isoxazolepropionate);
	7440-70-2 (Calcium)},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {J Physiol. 1997 Dec 15;505 ( Pt 3):605-16. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Schimming01,
  author = {T. Schimming and M.Hasler},
  title = {Optimal Detection of Differential Chaos Shift Keying},
  journal = {IEEE Trans. Circuits and Systems I.},
  year = {2001},
  pages = {to appear},
  annote = {Hasler - paper cited in grant proposal}
}
@article{Schindler04,
  author = {M. Schindler and P. Talkner and P. Hanggi},
  title = {Firing time statistics for driven neuron models: Analytic expressions
	versus numerics},
  journal = {Phys. Rev. Letters},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {93},
  pages = {48102}
}
@incollection{Schmidhuber:05gmai,
  author = {J. Schmidhuber},
  title = {G\"{o}del machines: fully self-referential optimal universal problem
	solvers},
  booktitle = {Artificial General Intelligence},
  publisher = {Springer Verlag},
  year = {2006},
  editor = {B. Goertzel and C. Pennachin},
  pages = {199-226},
  note = {Variant available as arXiv:cs.LO/0309048}
}
@incollection{Schmidhuber02,
  author = {J. Schmidhuber},
  title = {The {Speed Prior:} A New Simplicity Measure Yielding Near-Optimal
	Computable Predictions},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 15th Annual Conference on Computational Learning
	Theory (COLT 2002)},
  publisher = {Springer},
  year = {2002},
  editor = {J. Kivinen and R. H. Sloan},
  series = {Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence},
  pages = {216--228},
  address = {Sydney, Australia}
}
@inproceedings{Schmidhuber07a,
  author = {J. Schmidhuber},
  title = {Simple Algorithmic Principles of Discovery, Subjective Beauty, Selective
	Attention, Curiosity \& Creativity},
  booktitle = {Proc. 18th Intl. Conf. on Algorithmic Learning Theory (ALT 2007),
	LNAI 4754},
  year = {2007},
  pages = {32-33},
  publisher = {Springer},
  note = {Joint invited lecture for {\em ALT 2007 and DS 2007}, Sendai, Japan,
	2007},
  editors = {M. Hutter, R. A. Servedio, E. Takimoto}
}
@misc{Schmidhuber:04subgoals,
  author = {J. Schmidhuber},
  title = {{Overview of work on hierarchical learning and automatic subgoal
	generation, with a dozen publications}},
  year = {2004},
  note = {http://www.idsia.ch/\~{ }juergen/subgoals.html}
}
@inproceedings{Schmidhuber91,
  author = {J. Schmidhuber},
  title = {Curious Model-Building Control Systems},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Neural Networks,
	Singapore},
  year = {1991},
  volume = {2},
  pages = {1458-1463},
  publisher = {IEEE press}
}
@article{Schmidhuber96,
  author = {J. Schmidhuber and M. Eldracher and B. Foltin },
  title = {Semilinear predictability minimization produces well-known feature
	detectors},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {8},
  pages = {773--786},
  number = {4},
  citeulike-article-id = {2381574},
  keywords = {juergen},
  priority = {2}
}
@book{Schmidhuber08,
  title = {Sequence Learning with Artificial Recurrent Neural Networks},
  publisher = {Invited by Cambridge University Press},
  year = {2007},
  author = {J. Schmidhuber and A. Graves and F. Gomez and S. Fernandez and S.
	Hochreiter},
  note = {In preparation (aiming to become {\em the} definitive textbook on
	{RNN})}
}
@article{Schneidman98,
  author = {E. Schneidman and B. Freedman and I. Segev},
  title = {Ion channel stochasticity may be critical in determining the reliability
	and precision of spike timing},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {10},
  pages = {1679-1703}
}
@article{Schneidman06,
  author = {E. Schneidman and M.J.Berry and R. Segav and W. Bialek},
  title = {Weak pairwise correlations imply strongly correlated network states
	in a neural population },
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {440},
  pages = {1007-1012}
}
@article{Schoups98,
  author = {A. Schoups and R. Vogels and G. A. Orban},
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  year = {1998},
  volume = {39},
  pages = {684},
  keywords = {Perceptual-Learning},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Schoups95,
  author = {A. Schoups and R. Vogels and G. A. Orban},
  title = {Human perceptual learning in identifying the oblique orientation:
	retinotopy, orientation specificity, and monocularity},
  journal = {The Journal of Physiology},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {483},
  pages = {797-810},
  number = {3},
  keywords = {Perceptual-Learning},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Schoups01,
  author = {A. Schoups and R. Vogels and N. Quian and G. A. Orban},
  title = {Practising orientation identification improves orientation coding
	in V1 neurons},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {412},
  pages = {549-553},
  keywords = {Perceptual-Learning},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Schroedinger15,
  author = {E. Schr\protect{\"o}dinger},
  title = {{Z}ur {T}heorie der {F}all- und {S}teigversuche and {T}eilchen mit
	\protect{B}rownscher {B}ewegung},
  journal = {Physikalische Zeitschrift},
  year = {1915},
  volume = {16},
  pages = {289-295}
}
@article{Schraudolph99,
  author = {N. N. Schraudolph and M. Eldracher and J. Schmidhuber},
  title = {Processing Images by Semi-Linear Predictability Minimization},
  journal = {Network: Computation in Neural Systems},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {10},
  pages = {133--169},
  number = {2}
}
@article{Schultz01a,
  author = {S.R. Schultz and S. Panzeri},
  title = {Temporal correlations and neural spike train entropy},
  journal = {Phys. Rev. Letters},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {xx},
  pages = {xx}
}
@incollection{Schultz97b,
  author = {W. Schultz},
  title = {Reward responses of dopamine neurons: A biological reinforcement
	signal},
  booktitle = {Artificial Neural Networks - ICANN'97},
  publisher = {Springer},
  year = {1997},
  editor = {W. Gerstner and A. Germond and M. Hasler and J.-D. Nicoud},
  series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science 1327},
  pages = {3-12}
}
@article{Schultz07,
  author = {Schultz, Wolfram},
  title = {Behavioral dopamine signals},
  journal = {Trends in Neurosciences},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {30},
  pages = {203--210},
  number = {5},
  month = may,
  booktitle = {Fifty years of dopamine research},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6T0V-4ND7091-2/2/171b8fe8539fe2e6f47f085bed15546d}
}
@article{Schultz97c,
  author = {W. Schultz},
  title = {Dopamine neurons and their role in reward mechanisms},
  journal = {Curr. Op. Neurobiol.},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {7},
  pages = {191-197}
}
@article{Schultz93,
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  author = {Wolfram Schultz and Anthony Dickinson},
  title = {Neuronal Coding of Prediction Errors},
  journal = {Annual Reviews of Neuroscience},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {23},
  pages = {472--500},
  keywords = {Plasticity, Various-Artists},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
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  author = {W. Schultz and R. Romo},
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	coupled neurons in different animals.},
  journal = {Nat Neurosci},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {9},
  pages = {356--362},
  number = {3},
  abstract = {It is often assumed that all neurons of the same cell type have identical
	intrinsic properties, both within an animal and between animals.
	We exploited the large size and small number of unambiguously identifiable
	neurons in the crab stomatogastric ganglion to test this assumption
	at the level of channel mRNA expression and membrane currents (measured
	in voltage-clamp experiments). In lateral pyloric (LP) neurons, we
	saw strong correlations between measured current and the abundance
	of Shal and BK-KCa mRNAs (encoding the Shal-family voltage-gated
	potassium channel and large-conductance calcium-activated potassium
	channel, respectively). We also saw two- to fourfold interanimal
	variability for three potassium currents and their mRNA expression.
	Measurements of channel expression in the two electrically coupled
	pyloric dilator (PD) neurons showed significant interanimal variability,
	but copy numbers for IH (encoding the hyperpolarization-activated,
	inward-current channel) and Shal mRNA in the two PD neurons from
	the same crab were similar, suggesting that the regulation of some
	currents may be shared in electrically coupled neurons.},
  address = {Volen Center and Biology Department, Brandeis University, Waltham,
	Massachusetts 02454, USA. SchulzD@missouri.edu},
  au = {Schulz, DJ and Goaillard, JM and Marder, E},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn1639},
  da = {20060224},
  date-added = {2007-12-12 20:08:59 +0100},
  date-modified = {2007-12-12 20:13:34 +0100},
  dcom = {20060414},
  dep = {20060129},
  doi = {10.1038/nn1639},
  edat = {2006/01/31 09:00},
  gr = {MH46742/MH/United States NIMH; MH70292/MH/United States NIMH; NS17813/NS/United
	States NINDS},
  issn = {1097-6256 (Print)},
  jid = {9809671},
  jt = {Nature neuroscience},
  keywords = {Action Potentials/genetics; Animals; Biological Clocks/genetics; Brachyura/cytology/*physiology;
	Cell Communication/genetics; Ganglia, Invertebrate/cytology/*metabolism;
	Gap Junctions/genetics; Gene Expression Regulation/physiology; Membrane
	Potentials/genetics; Molecular Sequence Data; Nervous System/cytology/*metabolism;
	Neural Conduction/genetics; Neural Inhibition/genetics; Neurons/cytology/*metabolism;
	Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium/metabolism; RNA, Messenger/metabolism;
	Shal Potassium Channels/genetics/*metabolism},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20071114},
  mhda = {2006/04/15 09:00},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  phst = {2005/08/29 {$[$}received{$]$}; 2005/12/23 {$[$}accepted{$]$}; 2006/01/29
	{$[$}aheadofprint{$]$}},
  pii = {nn1639},
  pl = {United States},
  pmid = {16444270},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support,
	Non-U.S. Gov't},
  pubm = {Print-Electronic},
  rn = {0 (RNA, Messenger); 0 (Shal Potassium Channels); 7440-09-7 (Potassium)},
  sb = {IM},
  si = {GENBANK/DQ103254; GENBANK/DQ103255; GENBANK/DQ103256; GENBANK/DQ103257},
  so = {Nat Neurosci. 2006 Mar;9(3):356-62. Epub 2006 Jan 29. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
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  keywords = {vision,vision-physiology},
  owner = {sprekeler},
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@article{Shadlen98,
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@article{Shadlen99,
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  number = {1},
  address = {Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington,
	Seattle 98195, USA.},
  au = {Shadlen, MN and Movshon, JA},
  da = {20000225},
  date-added = {2008-03-29 12:53:29 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-29 12:53:37 +0100},
  dcom = {20000225},
  edat = {2000/02/17 09:00},
  gr = {EY02017/EY/United States NEI; EY11378/EY/United States NEI; RR00166/RR/United
	States NCRR},
  issn = {0896-6273 (Print)},
  jid = {8809320},
  jt = {Neuron},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20071114},
  mh = {Animals; Cerebral Cortex/physiology; Humans; *Models, Biological;
	Neurons/*physiology; Time Factors; Visual Cortex/physiology; Visual
	Perception/*physiology},
  mhda = {2000/03/04 09:00},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pii = {S0896-6273(00)80822-3},
  pl = {UNITED STATES},
  pmid = {10677027},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support,
	U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; Review},
  pubm = {Print},
  rf = {715},
  sb = {IM; S},
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  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
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	computation, and information coding.},
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  volume = {18},
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	this variability appears to be conserved over large regions of the
	cerebral cortex, suggesting that it is neither reduced nor expanded
	from stage to stage within a processing pathway. To investigate the
	principles underlying such statistical homogeneity, we have analyzed
	a model of synaptic integration incorporating a highly simplified
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	regime" in which neurons receive hundreds of excitatory synaptic
	inputs during each interspike interval. To produce a graded response
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	consistent with experimental data. Detailed information about the
	temporal pattern of synaptic inputs cannot be recovered from the
	pattern of output spikes, and we infer that cortical neurons are
	unlikely to transmit information in the temporal pattern of spike
	discharge. Rather, we suggest that quantities are represented as
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  address = {Department of Physiology and Biophysics and Regional Primate Research
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  au = {Shadlen, MN and Newsome, WT},
  da = {19980601},
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  date-modified = {2008-03-27 14:13:37 +0100},
  dcom = {19980601},
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  gr = {EY05603/EY/United States NEI; EY11378/EY/United States NEI; RR00166/RR/United
	States NCRR},
  issn = {0270-6474 (Print)},
  jid = {8102140},
  jt = {The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society
	for Neuroscience},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20071114},
  mh = {Action Potentials/physiology; Animals; Cerebral Cortex/*cytology;
	Data Interpretation, Statistical; Electrophysiology; Higher Nervous
	Activity/*physiology; *Information Theory; Interneurons/*physiology;
	Macaca mulatta; Mental Processes/physiology; *Models, Neurological;
	Neural Pathways/physiology; Reaction Time/physiology},
  mhda = {1998/06/06 00:01},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pl = {UNITED STATES},
  pmid = {9570816},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support,
	U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.},
  pubm = {Print},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {J Neurosci. 1998 May 15;18(10):3870-96. },
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  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
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  chapter = {1},
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  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
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@phdthesis{Shaw06,
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  institution = {University of Rochester},
  year = {2003},
  keywords = {slowness},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  url = {http://hdl.handle.net/1802/1318}
}
@article{Shawn03,
  author = {C. Shawn and D. Bavelier},
  title = {Action video game modifies visual selective attention},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {423},
  pages = {534-537},
  keywords = {Perceptual-Learning},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Shema07,
  author = {Reut Shema and Todd Charlton Sacktor and Yadin Dudai},
  title = {Rapid erasure of long-term memory associations in the cortex by an
	inhibitor of PKM zeta.},
  journal = {Science},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {317},
  pages = {951--953},
  number = {5840},
  month = {Aug},
  abstract = {Little is known about the neuronal mechanisms that subserve long-term
	memory persistence in the brain. The components of the remodeled
	synaptic machinery, and how they sustain the new synaptic or cellwide
	configuration over time, are yet to be elucidated. In the rat cortex,
	long-term associative memories vanished rapidly after local application
	of an inhibitor of the protein kinase C isoform, protein kinase M
	zeta (PKMzeta). The effect was observed for at least several weeks
	after encoding and may be irreversible. In the neocortex, which is
	assumed to be the repository of multiple types of long-term memory,
	persistence of memory is thus dependent on ongoing activity of a
	protein kinase long after that memory is considered to have consolidated
	into a long-term stable form.},
  doi = {10.1126/science.1144334},
  keywords = {Animals; Conditioning (Psychology); Enzyme Inhibitors; Hippocampus;
	Male; Memory; Neocortex; Oligopeptides; Protein Kinase C; Rats; Rats,
	Wistar; Taste; Time Factors},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pii = {317/5840/951},
  pmid = {17702943},
  timestamp = {2008.06.03},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1144334}
}
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}
@article{Shepherd07,
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  journal = {Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {23},
  pages = {613--643},
  abstract = {The cellular processes that govern neuronal function are highly complex,
	with many basic cell biological pathways uniquely adapted to perform
	the elaborate information processing achieved by the brain. This
	is particularly evident in the trafficking and regulation of membrane
	proteins to and from synapses, which can be a long distance away
	from the cell body and number in the thousands. The regulation of
	neurotransmitter receptors, such as the AMPA-type glutamate receptors
	(AMPARs), the major excitatory neurotransmitter receptors in the
	brain, is a crucial mechanism for the modulation of synaptic transmission.
	The levels of AMPARs at synapses are very dynamic, and it is these
	plastic changes in synaptic function that are thought to underlie
	information storage in the brain. Thus, understanding the cellular
	machinery that controls AMPAR trafficking will be critical for understanding
	the cellular basis of behavior as well as many neurological diseases.
	Here we describe the life cycle of AMPARs, from their biogenesis,
	through their journey to the synapse, and ultimately through their
	demise, and discuss how the modulation of this process is essential
	for brain function.},
  doi = {10.1146/annurev.cellbio.23.090506.123516},
  keywords = {Plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pmid = {17506699},
  timestamp = {2008.04.17},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.cellbio.23.090506.123516}
}
@book{Sherrington06,
  title = {{The Integrative Action of the Nervous System}},
  publisher = {C. Scribner's sons},
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  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@inproceedings{Sheynikhovich05,
  author = {D. Sheynikhovich and R. Chavarriaga and T. Str\"osslin and W. Gerstner},
  title = {Spatial Representation and Navigation in a Bio-inspired Robot },
  booktitle = { Biomimetic Neural Learning for Intelligent Robots: Intelligent Systems,
	Cognitive Robotics, and Neuroscience},
  year = {2005},
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}
@other{Sheynikhovich05a,
  abstract = {A biologically inspired computational model of rodent repre-sentation–based
	(locale) navigation is presented. The model combines visual input
	in the form of realistic two dimensional grey-scale images and odometer
	signals to drive the firing of simulated place and head direction
	cells via Hebbian synapses. The space representation is built incrementally
	and on-line without any prior information about the environment and
	consists of a large population of location-sensitive units (place
	cells) with overlapping receptive fields. Goal navigation is performed
	using reinforcement learning in continuous state and action spaces,
	where the state space is represented by population activity of the
	place cells. The model is able to reproduce a number of behavioral
	and neuro-physiological data on rodents. Performance of the model
	was tested on both simulated and real mobile Khepera robots in a
	set of behavioral tasks and is comparable to the performance of animals
	in similar tasks.},
  author = {Sheynikhovich, Denis and Chavarriaga, Ricardo and Strösslin, Thomas
	and Gerstner, Wulfram},
  journal = {Biomimetic Neural Learning for Intelligent Robots},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pages = {245--264},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  title = {Spatial Representation and Navigation in a Bio-inspired Robot},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11521082_15},
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}
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	of neurons in prefrontal cortex.},
  journal = {Neural Comput},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {11},
  pages = {935--951},
  number = {4},
  abstract = {Cortical neurons of behaving animals generate irregular spike sequences.
	Recently, there has been a heated discussion about the origin of
	this irregularity. Softky and Koch (1993) pointed out the inability
	of standard single-neuron models to reproduce the irregularity of
	the observed spike sequences when the model parameters are chosen
	within a certain range that they consider to be plausible. Shadlen
	and Newsome (1994), on the other hand, demonstrated that a standard
	leaky integrate-and-fire model can reproduce the irregularity if
	the inhibition is balanced with the excitation. Motivated by this
	discussion, we attempted to determine whether the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck
	process, which is naturally derived from the leaky integration assumption,
	can in fact reproduce higher-order statistics of biological data.
	For this purpose, we consider actual neuronal spike sequences recorded
	from the monkey prefrontal cortex to calculate the higher-order statistics
	of the interspike intervals. Consistency of the data with the model
	is examined on the basis of the coefficient of variation and the
	skewness coefficient, which are, respectively, a measure of the spiking
	irregularity and a measure of the asymmetry of the interval distribution.
	It is found that the biological data are not consistent with the
	model if the model time constant assumes a value within a certain
	range believed to cover all reasonable values. This fact suggests
	that the leaky integrate-and-fire model with the assumption of uncorrelated
	inputs is not adequate to account for the spiking in at least some
	cortical neurons.},
  address = {Department of Physics, Graduate School of Sciences, Kyoto University,
	Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502 Japan. shino@ton.scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp},
  au = {Shinomoto, S and Sakai, Y and Funahashi, S},
  da = {19990615},
  date-added = {2008-03-28 11:58:48 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-28 11:58:49 +0100},
  dcom = {19990615},
  edat = {1999/05/05},
  issn = {0899-7667 (Print)},
  jid = {9426182},
  jt = {Neural computation},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20061115},
  mh = {Action Potentials/physiology; Animals; *Models, Statistical; Neurons/*physiology;
	Prefrontal Cortex/*physiology; Reproducibility of Results},
  mhda = {1999/05/05 00:01},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pl = {UNITED STATES},
  pmid = {10226190},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't},
  pubm = {Print},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {Neural Comput. 1999 May 15;11(4):935-51. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
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  year = {2002},
  volume = {19},
  pages = {187--210},
  number = {2},
  month = mar,
  keywords = {Vision, Vision-Physiology},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Shiu92,
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}
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  author = {Shouval, H.Z. and Bear, M.F. and Cooper, L.N.},
  title = {{A unified model of NMDA receptor-dependent bidirectional synaptic
	plasticity}},
  journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {99},
  pages = {10831},
  number = {16},
  keywords = {plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {National Acad Sciences},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Shouval02,
  author = {H. Z. Shouval and M. F. Bear and L. N. Cooper},
  title = {A unified model of NMDA receptor dependent bidirectional synaptic
	plasticity},
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  year = {2002},
  volume = {99},
  pages = {10831-10836}
}
@article{Shouval02b,
  author = {Harel Z. Shouval and Gastone C. Castellani and Brian S. Blais and
	Luk C. Yeung and Leon N Cooper:},
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}
@incollection{Shouval95,
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@article{Singer93,
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@article{Sjostrom06,
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  pages = {227--238},
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  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Sjostrom02,
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@article{Sjostrom04,
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  pages = {305--314},
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  owner = {sprekeler},
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}
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@phdthesis{Slonim03,
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  year = {2003},
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}
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@article{Stuart97a,
  author = {Stuart, G and Schiller, J and Sakmann, B},
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  abstract = {1. Initiation and propagation of action potentials evoked by extracellular
	synaptic stimulation was studied using simultaneous dual and triple
	patch pipette recordings from different locations on neocortical
	layer 5 pyramidal neurons in brain slices from 4-week-old rats (P26-30)
	at physiological temperatures. 2. Simultaneous cell-attached and
	whole-cell voltage recordings from the apical trunk (up to 700 microns
	distal to the soma) and the soma indicated that proximal synaptic
	stimulation (layer 4) initiated action potentials first at the soma,
	whereas distal stimulation (upper layer 2/3) could initiate dendritic
	regenerative potentials prior to somatic action potentials following
	stimulation at higher intensity. 3. Somatic action potentials, once
	initiated, propagated back into the apical dendrites in a decremented
	manner which was frequency dependent. The half-width of back propagating
	action potentials increased and their maximum rate of rise decreased
	with distance from the soma, with the peak of these action potentials
	propagating with a conduction velocity of approximately 0.5 m s-1.
	4. Back-propagation of action potentials into the dendritic tree
	was associated with dendritic calcium electrogenesis, which was particularly
	prominent during bursts of somatic action potentials. 5. When dendritic
	regenerative potentials were evoked prior to somatic action potentials,
	the more distal the dendritic recording was made from the soma the
	longer the time between the onset of the dendritic regenerative potential
	relative to somatic action potential. This suggested that dendritic
	regenerative potentials were initiated in the distal apical dendrites,
	possibly in the apical tuft. 6. At any one stimulus intensity, the
	initiation of dendritic regenerative potentials prior to somatic
	action potentials could fluctuate, and was modulated by depolarizing
	somatic or hyperpolarizing dendritic current injection. 7. Dendritic
	regenerative potentials could be initiated prior to somatic action
	potentials by dendritic current injections used to simulate the membrane
	voltage change that occurs during an EPSP. Initiation of these dendritic
	potentials was not affected by cadmium (200 microM), but was blocked
	by TTX (1 microM). 8. Dendritic regenerative potentials in some experiments
	were initiated in isolated from somatic action potentials. The voltage
	change at the soma in response to these dendritic regenerative events
	was small and subthreshold, showing that dendritic regenerative events
	are strongly attenuated as they spread to the soma. 9. Simultaneous
	whole-cell recordings from the axon initial segment and the soma
	indicated that synaptic stimulation always initiated action potentials
	first in the axon. The further the axonal recording was made from
	the soma the greater the time delay between axonal and somatic action
	potentials, indicating a site of action potential initiation in the
	axon at least 30 microns distal to the soma. 10. Simultaneous whole-cell
	recordings from the apical dendrite, soma and axon initial segment
	showed that action potentials were always initiated in the axon prior
	to the soma, and with the same latency difference, independent of
	whether dendritic regenerative potentials were initiated or not.
	11. It is concluded that both the apical dendrites and the axon of
	neocortical layer 5 pyramidal neurons in P26-30 animals are capable
	of initiating regenerative potentials. Regenerative potentials initiated
	in dendrites, however, are significantly attenuated as they spread
	to the soma and axon. As a consequence, action potentials are always
	initiated in the axon before the soma, even when synaptic activation
	is intense enough to initiate dendritic regenerative potentials.
	Once initiated, the axonal action potentials are conducted orthogradely
	into the axonal arbor and retrogradely into the dendritic tree.},
  address = {Abteilung Zellphysiologie, Max-Planck-Institut fur medizinische Forschung,
	Heidelberg, Germany. Greg.Stuart@anu.edu.au},
  au = {Stuart, G and Schiller, J and Sakmann, B},
  da = {19980312},
  date-added = {2008-03-28 17:06:36 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-28 17:06:39 +0100},
  dcom = {19980312},
  edat = {1998/02/11},
  issn = {0022-3751 (Print)},
  jid = {0266262},
  jt = {The Journal of physiology},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20061115},
  mh = {Action Potentials/physiology; Animals; Axons/physiology; Dendrites/physiology;
	Electric Conductivity; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials/physiology;
	Neocortex/cytology/*physiology/ultrastructure; Patch-Clamp Techniques;
	Pyramidal Cells/*physiology/ultrastructure; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synapses/physiology},
  mhda = {1998/02/11 00:01},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pl = {ENGLAND},
  pmid = {9457640},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {In Vitro; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't},
  pubm = {Print},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {J Physiol. 1997 Dec 15;505 ( Pt 3):617-32. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{Stuart07,
  title = {Dendrites },
  publisher = {Oxford University Press},
  year = {2007},
  author = {Stuart, Greg and Spruston, Nelson and H{\"a}usser, Michael},
  address = {Oxford },
  edition = {2nd ed},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip0712/2007010138.html},
  call-number = {QP363},
  date-added = {2008-03-26 14:54:18 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-26 14:54:21 +0100},
  dewey-call-number = {573.8/5},
  genre = {Dendrites},
  isbn = {9780198566564 (alk. paper)},
  library-id = {2007010138},
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  url = {http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip0712/2007010138.html}
}
@article{Stuart97,
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  title = {Action potential initiation and backpropagation in the mammalian
	{CNS}},
  journal = {Trends in Neuroscience},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {20},
  pages = {125--131},
  keywords = {Neuronal-Processing},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Stuart94,
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	pyramidal cell dendrites.},
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}
@article{Sullivan06,
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  journal = {{Neural Networks}},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {19},
  pages = {734--743},
  keywords = {Plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Sullivan86,
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  title = {Neural map of interaural phase difference in the owl's brainstem},
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}
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  year = {2001},
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}
@article{Suri01,
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  title = {Temporal Difference model reproduces anticipatory neural activity},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {13},
  pages = {841-862},
  keywords = {reinforcement-learning}
}
@article{Suri99,
  author = {R. E. Suri and W. Schultz},
  title = {A neural network with dopamine-like reinforcement signal that learns
	a spatial delayed response task},
  journal = {Neuroscience},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {91},
  keywords = {reinforcement-learning}
}
@article{Suri98,
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	signal in neural network model},
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  year = {1998},
  volume = {121},
  pages = {350-354},
  keywords = {reinforcement-learning}
}
@article{Suri02,
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}
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@article{Sutton88,
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}
@incollection{Sutton90,
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@book{Sutton98,
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}
@book{Sutton98a,
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  publisher = {MIT Press},
  year = {1998},
  author = {Sutton, R.S. and Barto, A.G.},
  keywords = {plasticity, various-artists},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Sutton88a,
  author = {Sutton, Richard S.},
  title = {Learning to predict by the methods of temporal differences},
  journal = {Machine Learning},
  year = {1988},
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  pages = {9--44},
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  abstract = {This article introduces a class of incremental learning procedures
	specialized for prediction-that is, for using past experience with
	an incompletely known system to predict its future behavior. Whereas
	conventional prediction-learning methods assign credit by means of
	the difference between predicted and actual outcomes, the new methods
	assign credit by means of the difference between temporally successive
	predictions. Although such temporal-difference methods have been
	used in Samuel's checker player, Holland's bucket brigade, and the
	author's Adaptive Heuristic Critic, they have remained poorly understood.
	Here we prove their convergence and optimality for special cases
	and relate them to supervised-learning methods. For most real-world
	prediction problems, temporal-difference methods require less memory
	and less peak computation than conventional methods and they produce
	more accurate predictions. We argue that most problems to which supervised
	learning is currently applied are really prediction problems of the
	sort to which temporal-difference methods can be applied to advantage.},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00115009}
}
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@incollection{Sutton93,
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  year = {2004},
  volume = {40},
  pages = {220--222},
  number = {1},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Svirskis03,
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	and timing precision for small signals in neurons: minimal model
	analysis},
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  pages = {137-150}
}
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  volume = {69},
  pages = {1249--1252},
  number = {10-12},
  keywords = { hippocampus , ICA},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
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}
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	association area on the prelunate gyrus of the awake monkey}},
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}
@article{Tanaka04,
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}
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	Place Cells},
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  year = {1997},
  volume = {7},
  pages = {613--623},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Tanila97,
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  title = {Brain Aging: Impaired Coding of Novel Environmental Cues},
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  year = {1997},
  volume = {17},
  pages = {5167--5174},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
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}
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}
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  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
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  pages = {87--108},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
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}
@article{Tegner02,
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  title = {{An adaptive spike-timing-dependent plasticity rule}},
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  year = {2002},
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  pages = {189--194},
  number = {46},
  keywords = {plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Teich03,
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  volume = {89},
  pages = {2086-2100},
  keywords = {Perceptual-Learning},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Tenenbaum00,
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  title = {{A Global Geometric Framework for Nonlinear Dimensionality Reduction}},
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  year = {2000},
  volume = {290},
  pages = {2319--2323},
  number = {5500},
  keywords = {Slowness},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Terashima08,
  author = {Akira Terashima and Kenneth A Pelkey and Jong-Cheol Rah and Young
	Ho Suh and Katherine W Roche and Graham L Collingridge and Chris
	J McBain and John T R Isaac},
  title = {An essential role for PICK1 in NMDA receptor-dependent bidirectional
	synaptic plasticity.},
  journal = {Neuron},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {57},
  pages = {872--882},
  number = {6},
  month = {Mar},
  abstract = {PICK1 is a calcium-sensing, PDZ domain-containing protein that interacts
	with GluR2 and GluR3 AMPA receptor (AMPAR) subunits and regulates
	their trafficking. Although PICK1 has been principally implicated
	in long-term depression (LTD), PICK1 overexpression in CA1 pyramidal
	neurons causes a CaMK- and PKC-dependent potentiation of AMPAR-mediated
	transmission and an increase in synaptic GluR2-lacking AMPARs, mechanisms
	associated with NMDA receptor (NMDAR)-dependent long-term potentiation
	(LTP). Here, we directly tested whether PICK1 participates in both
	hippocampal NMDAR-dependent LTP and LTD. We show that the PICK1 potentiation
	of AMPAR-mediated transmission is NMDAR dependent and fully occludes
	LTP. Conversely, blockade of PICK1 PDZ interactions or lack of PICK1
	prevents LTP. These observations demonstrate an important role for
	PICK1 in LTP. In addition, deletion of PICK1 or blockade of PICK1
	PDZ binding prevented NMDAR-dependent LTD. Thus, PICK1 plays a critical
	role in bidirectional NMDAR-dependent long-term synaptic plasticity
	in the hippocampus.},
  doi = {10.1016/j.neuron.2008.01.028},
  keywords = {plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pii = {S0896-6273(08)00115-3},
  pmid = {18367088},
  timestamp = {2008.04.15},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2008.01.028}
}
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}
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}
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	neurons form their responses to natural stimuli},
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}
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}
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  pages = {19-42}
}
@article{Thomson03,
  author = {A. M. Thomson and D.C. West},
  title = {Presynaptic Frequency Filtering in the Gamma Frequency Band; Dual
	Intracellular Recordings in Slices of Adult Rat and Cat Neocortex},
  journal = {Cerebral Cortex},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {13},
  pages = {136-143}
}
@book{Thorndike11,
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  author = {E.L. Thorndike},
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}
@article{Thorpe01,
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  year = {2001},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {715-725}
}
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}
@article{Tiesinga08,
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  title = {Regulation of spike timing in visual cortical circuits},
  journal = {Nature Reviews Neuroscience},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {9},
  pages = {97-107},
  keywords = {various-artists, neuronal-processing},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pdf = {/home/sprekeler/literatur/paper/Fellous08.pdf},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@inproceedings{Tishby99,
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	Control and Computing},
  year = {1999},
  pages = {368--377},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  url = {citeseer.ist.psu.edu/tishby99information.html}
}
@article{Toledo-Rodriguez04,
  author = {Toledo-Rodriguez, Maria and Blumenfeld, Barak and Wu, Caizhi and
	Luo, Junyi and Attali, Bernard and Goodman, Philip and Markram, Henry},
  title = {Correlation maps allow neuronal electrical properties to be predicted
	from single-cell gene expression profiles in rat neocortex.},
  journal = {Cereb Cortex},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {1310--1327},
  number = {12},
  abstract = {The computational power of the neocortex arises from interactions
	of multiple neurons, which display a wide range of electrical properties.
	The gene expression profiles underlying this phenotypic diversity
	are unknown. To explore this relationship, we combined whole-cell
	electrical recordings with single-cell multiplex RT-PCR of rat (p13-16)
	neocortical neurons to obtain cDNA libraries of 26 ion channels (including
	voltage activated potassium channels, Kv1.1/2/4/6, Kvbeta1/2, Kv2.1/2,
	Kv3.1/2/3/4, Kv4.2/3; sodium/potassium permeable hyperpolarization
	activated channels, HCN1/2/3/4; the calcium activated potassium channel,
	SK2; voltage activated calcium channels, Caalpha1A/B/G/I, Cabeta1/3/4),
	three calcium binding proteins (calbindin, parvalbumin and calretinin)
	and GAPDH. We found a previously unreported clustering of ion channel
	genes around the three calcium-binding proteins. We further determined
	that cells similar in their expression patterns were also similar
	in their electrical properties. Subsequent regression modeling with
	statistical resampling yielded a set of coefficients that reliably
	predicted electrical properties from the expression profile of individual
	neurons. This is the first report of a consistent relationship between
	the co-expression of a large profile of ion channel and calcium binding
	protein genes and the electrical phenotype of individual neocortical
	neurons.},
  address = {Brain and Mind Institute, EPFL, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland.},
  au = {Toledo-Rodriguez, M and Blumenfeld, B and Wu, C and Luo, J and Attali,
	B and Goodman, P and Markram, H},
  bdsk-url-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhh092},
  da = {20041111},
  date-added = {2008-03-29 17:52:45 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-29 17:55:28 +0100},
  dcom = {20050125},
  dep = {20040610},
  doi = {10.1093/cercor/bhh092},
  edat = {2004/06/12 05:00},
  issn = {1047-3211 (Print)},
  jid = {9110718},
  jt = {Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20061115},
  mh = {Action Potentials/*physiology; Animals; Gene Expression Profiling/*methods;
	Neocortex/cytology/*physiology; Neurons/cytology/*physiology; Predictive
	Value of Tests; Rats; Rats, Wistar},
  mhda = {2005/01/26 09:00},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  phst = {2004/06/10 {$[$}aheadofprint{$]$}},
  pii = {bhh092},
  pl = {United States},
  pmid = {15192011},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {In Vitro; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't},
  pubm = {Print-Electronic},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {Cereb Cortex. 2004 Dec;14(12):1310-27. Epub 2004 Jun 10. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Toledo04,
  author = {M. Toledo-Rodriguez and B. Blumenfeld and C. Wu and J. Luo and B.
	Attali and P. Goodman and Henry Markram},
  title = {Correlation Maps Allow Neuronal Electrical Properties to be Predicted
	from Single-cell Gene Expression Profiles in Rat Neocortex},
  journal = {Cerebral Cortex},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {1310-1327}
}
@article{Tolhurst83,
  author = {D.J. Tolhurst and J.A. Movshon and A.F. Dean},
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@article{Tolman48,
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  title = {Cognitive Maps in Rats and Man},
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  year = {1948},
  volume = {55},
  pages = {189--208},
  note = {Definition of the cognitive map},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Tonnelier02,
  author = {A. Tonnelier},
  title = {The piecewise linear FitzHugh-Nagumo model. {I} the space clamped
	system},
  journal = {Technical Report, University of Grenoble},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {xx},
  pages = {xx}
}
@article{Tonnelier03,
  author = {A. Tonnelier and W. Gerstner},
  title = {Piecewise linear differential equations and integrate-and-fire neurons
	: insights from two-dimensional membrane models},
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  year = {2003},
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  pages = {21908}
}
@article{Torborg05,
  author = {Torborg, CL and Feller, MB},
  title = {{Spontaneous patterned retinal activity and the refinement of retinal
	projections.}},
  journal = {Progress in Neurobiology},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {76},
  pages = {312--235},
  number = {4},
  keywords = {Vision,Vision-Physiology},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Touboul08,
  author = {Touboul, Jonathan},
  title = {Bifurcation Analysis of a General Class of Nonlinear Integrate-and-Fire
	Neurons},
  journal = {SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics},
  year = {2008},
  volume = {68},
  pages = {1045-1079},
  number = {4},
  date-added = {2008-03-31 11:49:45 +0200},
  date-modified = {2008-03-31 11:52:07 +0200},
  keywords = {neuron models; dynamical system analysis; nonlinear dynamics; Hopf
	bifurcation; saddle-node bifurcation; BogdanovTakens bifurcation},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{NIPS90,
  title = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems},
  publisher = {Morgan Kaufmann Publishers},
  year = {1990},
  author = {D. S. Touretzky },
  volume = {2},
  address = {San Mateo}
}
@article{Touryan05,
  author = {Touryan, Jon and Felsen, Gidon and Dan, Yang},
  title = {{{S}patial structure of complex cell receptive fields measured with
	natural images}},
  journal = {Neuron},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {45},
  pages = {781--791},
  number = {5},
  month = {Mar},
  keywords = {Plasticity, Vision, Vision-Physiology},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Tovee95,
  author = {M. J. Tovee and E. T. Rolls},
  title = {Information encoding in short firing rate epochs by single neurons
	in the primate temporal visual cortex},
  journal = {Visual Cognition},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {2},
  pages = {35-58},
  number = {1}
}
@article{Tovee93,
  author = {M. J. Tovee and E. T. Rolls and A. Treves and R. P. Belles},
  title = {Information encoding and the responses of single neurons in the primate
	visual cortex},
  journal = {J. Neurophysiol.},
  year = {1993},
  volume = {70},
  pages = {640-654}
}
@article{Toyoizumi07,
  author = {T. Toyoizumi and J.-P. Pfister and K. Aihara and W. Gerstner},
  title = {Optimality Model of Unsupervised Spike-Timing Dependent Plasticity:
	Synaptic Memory and Weight Distribution},
  journal = {Neural comutation},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {19},
  pages = {639-671}
}
@article{Toyoizumi07a,
  author = {Toyoizumi, T. and Pfister, J.P. and Aihara, K. and Gerstner, W.},
  title = {{Optimality Model of Unsupervised Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity:
	Synaptic Memory and Weight Distribution}},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {19},
  pages = {639},
  number = {3},
  keywords = {plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Toyoizumi05,
  author = {T. Toyoizumi and J.-P. Pfister and K. Aihara and W. Gerstner},
  title = {Generalized Bienenstock-Cooper-Munro rule for spiking neurons that
	maximizes information transmission},
  journal = {Proc. National Academy Sciences (USA)},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {102},
  pages = {5239-5244}
}
@article{Toyoizumi05b,
  author = {Toyoizumi, T. and Pfister, J.P. and Aihara, K. and Gerstner, W.},
  title = {{Generalized Bienenstock-Cooper-Munro rule for spiking neurons that
	maximizes information transmission}},
  journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {102},
  pages = {5239--5244},
  number = {14},
  keywords = {plasticity,optimal-coding},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {National Acad Sciences},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@incollection{Toyoizumi05a,
  author = {Taro {Toyoizumi} and Jean-Pascal {Pfister} and Kazuyuki {Aihara}
	and Wulfram {Gerstner}},
  title = {Spike-timing Dependent Plasticity and Mutual Information Maximization
	for a Spiking Neuron Model},
  booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 17},
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  year = {2005},
  editor = {Lawrence K. Saul and Yair Weiss and {L\'{e}on} Bottou},
  pages = {1409-1416},
  address = {Cambridge, MA}
}
@article{Traub04,
  author = {R.D. Traub and A. Bibbig and F.E. LeBeau and E.H. Buhl and M.A. Whittington},
  title = {Cellular mechanisms of neuronal population oscillations in the hippocampus
	in vitro},
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  year = {2004},
  volume = {27},
  pages = {247--278}
}
@book{Traub91b,
  title = {Neural Networks of the Hippocampus},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  year = {1991},
  author = {R. D. Traub and R. Miles},
  address = {Cambridge}
}
@article{Traub91,
  author = {R. D. Traub and R. K. S. Wong and R. Miles and H. Michelson},
  title = {A model of a \protect{CA3} hippocampal pyramidal neuron incorporating
	voltage-clamp data on intrinsic conductances},
  journal = {J. Neurophysiol.},
  year = {1991},
  volume = {66},
  pages = {635--650}
}
@mastersthesis{Trefz91,
  author = {T. Trefz},
  title = {Oszillationen im Cortex.},
  school = {Technische Universit\protect{\"a}t M\protect{\"u}nchen},
  year = {1991},
  type = {Diplomarbeit}
}
@article{Treves93,
  author = {A. Treves},
  title = {Mean-field analysis of neuronal spike dynamics},
  journal = {Network },
  year = {1993},
  volume = {4},
  pages = {259-284}
}
@article{Treves92,
  author = {A. Treves},
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  year = {1992},
  volume = {3 (Supp)},
  pages = {115-119}
}
@article{Treves90,
  author = {A. Treves},
  title = {Graded-response neurons and information encoding in autoassociative
	memory},
  journal = {Phys.~Rev. A},
  year = {1990},
  volume = {42},
  pages = {2418-2430}
}
@article{Treves92a,
  author = {A. Treves and O. Miglino and D. Parisi},
  title = {Rats, nets, maps and the emergence of place cells},
  journal = {Psychobiology},
  year = {1992},
  volume = {20},
  pages = {1--8},
  number = {1},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Treves94,
  author = {A. Treves and E. T. Rolls},
  title = {A computational analysis of the role of the hippocampus in learning
	and memory},
  journal = {Hippocampus},
  year = {1994},
  volume = {4},
  pages = {373--391},
  number = {3},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Treves97,
  author = {A. Treves and E. T. Rolls and M. Simmen},
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  journal = {Physica D},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {107},
  pages = {392-400}
}
@incollection{Triesch05,
  author = {J. Triesch},
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  booktitle = {ICANN 2005},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
  year = {2005},
  editor = {W. Duch and al.},
  volume = {3696},
  series = {LNCS},
  pages = {65-70},
  address = {Berlin Heidelberg},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Triesch07,
  author = {J. Triesch},
  title = {Synergies between intrinsic and synaptic plasticity mechanisms},
  journal = {Neural computation},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {19},
  pages = {885 -909}
}
@article{Troyer98,
  author = {T. W. Troyer and A.E. Krukowski and N.J. Priebe and K.D. Miller},
  title = {Contrast-invariant orientation tuning in cat visual cortex: thalamocortical
	input tuning and correlation-based intracortical connectivity},
  journal = {J. Neuroscience},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {18},
  pages = {5908-5927}
}
@article{Troyer97,
  author = {T. W. Troyer and K.D. Miller},
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	model of a cortical regular spiking cell},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {9},
  pages = {971-983}
}
@article{Trullier97,
  author = {O. Trullier and S.I. Wiener and A. Berthoz and J.-A. Meyer},
  title = {Biologically based artificial navigation systems: review and prospects},
  journal = {Progress in Neurobiology},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {51},
  pages = {483-544}
}
@article{Tsien88,
  author = {R.W. Tsien and D. Lipscombe and D. V Madison and K.R. Bley and A.
	P. Fox},
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  journal = {Trends in Neuroscience},
  year = {1988},
  volume = {11},
  pages = {431-438}
}
@article{Tsodyks04,
  author = {Misha Tsodyks and Charles Gilbert},
  title = {Neural networks and perceptual learning},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {431},
  pages = {775-781}
}
@article{Tsodyks99,
  author = {Tsodyks, M. and Kenet, T. and Grinvald, A. and Arieli, A.},
  title = {{Linking Spontaneous Activity of Single Cortical Neurons and the
	Underlying Functional Architecture}},
  journal = {Science},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {286},
  pages = {1943},
  number = {5446},
  keywords = {neuronal-processing},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {AAAS},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Tsodyks97,
  author = {M. Tsodyks and H. Markram},
  title = {The neural code between neocortical pyramidal neurons depends on
	neurotransmitter release probability},
  journal = {Proc. Natl. Academy of Sci., USA},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {94},
  pages = {719-723}
}
@article{Tsodyks93,
  author = {M. Tsodyks and I. Mitkov and H. Sompolinsky},
  title = {Patterns of synchrony in inhomogeneous networks of oscillators with
	pulse interaction},
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  year = {1993},
  volume = {71},
  pages = {1281-1283}
}
@article{Tsodyks95,
  author = {M. V. Tsodyks and T. Sejnowski},
  title = {Rapid state switching in balanced cortical networks},
  journal = {Network},
  year = {1995},
  volume = {6},
  pages = {111-124}
}
@book{Tuckwell89,
  title = {Stochastic Processes in the Neurosciences},
  publisher = {SIAM},
  year = {1989},
  author = {H.~C.~Tuckwell},
  address = {Philadelphia}
}
@book{Tuckwell-all,
  title = {Introduction to theoretic neurobiology},
  publisher = {Cambridge Univ. Press},
  year = {1988},
  author = {H. C. Tuckwell},
  address = {Cambridge}
}
@book{Tuckwell88a,
  title = {Introduction to theoretic neurobiology},
  publisher = {Cambridge Univ. Press},
  year = {1988},
  author = {H. C. Tuckwell},
  volume = {1},
  address = {Cambridge}
}
@book{Tuckwell88b,
  title = {Introduction to theoretic neurobiology},
  publisher = {Cambridge Univ. Press},
  year = {1988},
  author = {H. C. Tuckwell},
  volume = {2},
  address = {Cambridge}
}
@article{Tuckwell79,
  author = {H. C. Tuckwell},
  title = {Synaptic transmission in a model for stochastic neural activity},
  journal = {J. Theor. Biology},
  year = {1979},
  volume = {71},
  pages = {167-183}
}
@article{Tuckwell79b,
  author = {H. C. Tuckwell},
  title = {The response of a spatially distributed neuron to white noise current
	injection},
  journal = {Biol. Cybern.},
  year = {1979},
  volume = {33},
  pages = {39-55}
}
@article{Turner07,
  author = {Turner, R. and Sahani, M.},
  title = {{A Maximum-Likelihood Interpretation for Slow Feature Analysis}},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {19},
  pages = {1022},
  number = {4},
  keywords = {slowness, optimal-coding},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {MIT Press},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Turrigiano04,
  author = {G.G. Turrigiano and S.B. Nelson},
  title = {Homeostatic plasticity in the developing nervous system},
  journal = {Nature Reviews Neuroscience},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {5},
  pages = {97-107}
}
@article{Turrigiano07,
  author = {Turrigiano, G. G.},
  title = {{Homeostatic signaling: the positive side of negative feedback.}},
  journal = {Current Opinion in Neurobiology},
  year = {2007},
  volume = {17},
  pages = {318--324},
  keywords = {plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Turrigiano98,
  author = {Gina G. Turrigiano and Kenneth R. Leslie and Niraj S. Desai and Lana
	C. Rutherford and Sacha B. Nelson},
  title = {Activity-dependent scaling of quantal amplitude in neocortical neurons},
  journal = {{Nature}},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {391},
  pages = {892--895},
  keywords = {Plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Turrigiano00,
  author = {Gina G. Turrigiano and Sacha B. Nelson},
  title = {Hebb and Homeostasis in Neuronal Plasticity},
  journal = {{Current Opinion in Neurobiology}},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {10},
  pages = {358--364},
  keywords = {Plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Tyson88,
  author = {J.J. Tyson and J. P. Keener},
  title = {Singular perturbation theory of travelling waves in excitable media
	(a review).},
  journal = {Physica D},
  year = {1988},
  volume = {32},
  pages = {327--361}
}
@article{Tzounopoulos04,
  author = {Thanos Tzounopoulos and Yuil Kim and Donata Oertel and Laurence O
	Trussell},
  title = {Cell-specific, spike timing−dependent plasticities in the dorsal
	cochlear nucleus},
  journal = {Nature Neuroscience},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {7},
  pages = {719-125},
  annote = {STDP}
}
@article{Tzounopoulos04a,
  author = {Thanos Tzounopoulos and Yuil Kim and Donata Oertel and Laurenze O.
	Trussell},
  title = {Cell-specific, spike timing-dependent plasticity in the dorsal cochlear
	nucleus},
  journal = {Nature Neuroscience},
  year = {2004},
  volume = {7},
  pages = {719--725},
  number = {7},
  keywords = {Plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Turker05,
  author = {K.S. T{\"u}rker and R.K. Powers},
  title = {Black box revisited: a technique for estimating postsynaptic potentials
	in neurons},
  journal = {Trends in Neurosciences},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {28},
  pages = {379-386}
}
@article{Uhlenbeck30,
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}
@article{Usher93,
  author = {M. Usher and H. G. Schuster and E. Niebur},
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	and memory},
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  year = {1993},
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  pages = {570-586}
}
@article{Usher95,
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  pages = {326-329}
}
@article{Afraimovich86,
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  journal = {Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics},
  year = {1986},
  volume = {29},
  pages = {795},
  note = {in Russian},
  annote = {Hasler - paper cited in grant proposal}
}
@article{Vanier99,
  author = {Vanier, M C and Bower, J M},
  title = {A comparative survey of automated parameter-search methods for compartmental
	neural models.},
  journal = {J Comput Neurosci},
  year = {1999},
  volume = {7},
  pages = {149--171},
  number = {2},
  abstract = {One of the most difficult and time-consuming aspects of building compartmental
	models of single neurons is assigning values to free parameters to
	make models match experimental data. Automated parameter-search methods
	potentially represent a more rapid and less labor-intensive alternative
	to choosing parameters manually. Here we compare the performance
	of four different parameter-search methods on several single-neuron
	models. The methods compared are conjugate-gradient descent, genetic
	algorithms, simulated annealing, and stochastic search. Each method
	has been tested on five different neuronal models ranging from simple
	models with between 3 and 15 parameters to a realistic pyramidal
	cell model with 23 parameters. The results demonstrate that genetic
	algorithms and simulated annealing are generally the most effective
	methods. Simulated annealing was overwhelmingly the most effective
	method for simple models with small numbers of parameters, but the
	genetic algorithm method was equally effective for more complex models
	with larger numbers of parameters. The discussion considers possible
	explanations for these results and makes several specific recommendations
	for the use of parameter searches on neuronal models.},
  address = {Department of Computation and Neural Systems, California Institute
	of Technology, Pasadena 91125, USA. mvanier@bbb.caltech.edu},
  au = {Vanier, MC and Bower, JM},
  da = {19991124},
  date-added = {2008-03-28 11:51:31 +0100},
  date-modified = {2008-03-28 11:51:37 +0100},
  dcom = {19991124},
  edat = {1999/10/09},
  issn = {0929-5313 (Print)},
  jid = {9439510},
  jt = {Journal of computational neuroscience},
  language = {eng},
  lr = {20001218},
  mh = {Action Potentials/physiology; Algorithms; Calcium Channels/physiology;
	Cell Compartmentation/physiology; Computer Simulation; Dendrites/*physiology;
	*Models, Neurological; Olfactory Pathways/physiology; Potassium Channels/physiology;
	Pyramidal Cells/*physiology; Sodium Channels/physiology},
  mhda = {1999/10/09 00:01},
  own = {NLM},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  pl = {UNITED STATES},
  pmid = {10515252},
  pst = {ppublish},
  pt = {Journal Article},
  pubm = {Print},
  rn = {0 (Calcium Channels); 0 (Potassium Channels); 0 (Sodium Channels)},
  sb = {IM},
  so = {J Comput Neurosci. 1999 Sep-Oct;7(2):149-71. },
  stat = {MEDLINE},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{Vapnik00,
  title = {{The Nature of Statistical Learning Theory}},
  publisher = {Springer},
  year = {2000},
  author = {Vapnik, V.N.},
  keywords = {Various-Artists},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{Vapnik95,
  title = {The Nature of Statistical Learning Theory},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag, New York},
  year = {1995},
  author = {V. Vapnik}
}
@incollection{Veksler07,
  author = {Veksler, V. D. and Gray, W. D. and Schoelles M. J},
  title = {Categorization and Reinforcement Learning: State Identification in
	Reinforcement Learning and Network Reinforcement Learning.},
  booktitle = {Twenty-Ninth Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society}
}
@book{Verhulst96,
  title = {Nonlinear differential equations and dynamical systems},
  publisher = {Springer},
  year = {1996},
  author = {F. Verhulst},
  address = {Berlin}
}
@article{Viana85,
  author = {L. Viana and A.J. Bray},
  title = {Phase-diagrams for dilute spin-glasses },
  journal = {J. Phys. C },
  year = {1985},
  volume = {18},
  pages = {3037-3051 }
}
@article{Vogels85,
  author = {R. Vogels and G. A. Orban},
  title = {The effect of practice on the oblique effect in line orientation
	judgments},
  journal = {Vision Research},
  year = {1985},
  volume = {25},
  pages = {1679-1687},
  number = {11},
  keywords = {Perceptual-Learning},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{Volterra59,
  title = {Theory of functionals and of integral and integro-differential equations},
  publisher = {Dover Publications Inc.},
  year = {1959},
  author = {V. Volterra}
}
@article{Vreeswijk00,
  author = {C. van Vreeswijk},
  title = {Stability of the Asynchronous State in Networks of Non-linear Oscillators},
  journal = {Physical Review Letters},
  year = {2000},
  volume = {84},
  pages = {5110-5113}
}
@article{Vreeswijk96b,
  author = {C. van Vreeswijk},
  title = {Partially synchronized states in networks of pulse-coupled neurons},
  journal = {Physical Review E},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {54},
  pages = {5522-5537}
}
@article{Vreeswijk93,
  author = {Carl van Vreeswijk and L. F. Abbott},
  title = {Self-sustained firing in populations of integrate-and-fire neurons},
  journal = {SIAM J. Appl. Math.},
  year = {1993},
  volume = {53},
  pages = {253-264},
  number = {1}
}
@article{Vreeswijk94,
  author = {Carl van Vreeswijk and L. F. Abbott and G. Bard Ermentrout},
  title = {Inhibition not excitation synchronizes neural firing},
  journal = {Journal of Computational Neuroscience},
  year = {1994},
  volume = {1},
  pages = {303-313}
}
@article{Vreeswijk01,
  author = {C. van Vreeswijk and D. Hansel},
  title = {Patterns of synchrony in neural networks with spike adaptation},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2001},
  volume = {13},
  pages = {959-992}
}
@incollection{Vreeswijk97,
  author = {Carl van Vreeswijk and H. Sompolinsky},
  title = {Irregular firing in cortical circuits with inhibition/excitation
	balance},
  booktitle = {Computational Neuroscience: Trends in Reserach, 1997},
  publisher = {Plenum Press, New York},
  year = {1997},
  editor = {J. Bower},
  pages = {209-213}
}
@article{Vreeswijk98,
  author = {C. van Vreeswijk and H. Sompolinsky},
  title = {Chaotic Balanced state in a model of cortical circuits},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {10},
  pages = {1321-1371}
}
@article{Vreeswijk96,
  author = {C. van Vreeswijk and H. Sompolinsky},
  title = {Chaos in neuronal networks with balanced excitatory and inhibitory
	activity},
  journal = {Science},
  year = {1996},
  volume = {274},
  pages = {1724-1726}
}
@article{Yao90,
  author = {Y.Yaoand W.Freeman},
  title = {Model of biological pattern recognition with spatially chaotic dynamics},
  journal = {Neural Networks},
  year = {1990},
  volume = {3},
  pages = {153-170},
  annote = {hasler citation}
}
@article{Wagner93,
  author = {Hermann Wagner and Barrle Frost},
  title = {Disparity-sensitive cells in the owl have a characteristic disparity},
  journal = {Nature},
  year = {1993},
  volume = {364},
  pages = {796--798},
  number = {6440}
}
@article{Wallis97a,
  author = {Guy Wallis and Roland Baddeley},
  title = {Optimal, Unsupervised Learning in Invariant Object Recognition},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {9},
  pages = {883-894},
  keywords = {vision-models, slowness},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Wallis01,
  author = {Wallis, G. and B{\"u}lthoff, H.H.},
  title = {Effects of temporal association on recognition memory},
  journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
  year = {2001},
  pages = {71028598},
  keywords = {slowness, vision, vision-models, vision-physiology},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {National Acad Sciences},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Wallis97,
  author = {Wallis, Guy and Rolls, Edmund T.},
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  pages = {167--194},
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  month = feb,
  keywords = {slowness, vision-models},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  urlabstract = {http://www.uq.edu.au/~uqgwalli/abstracts.html#pnb}
}
@inproceedings{Wan94,
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  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
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}
@article{Wang02b,
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  year = {2002},
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}
@article{Wang02,
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	basket cells in the developing somatosensory cortex},
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}
@article{Warland06,
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  title = {{Dynamics of Spontaneous Activity in the Fetal Macaque Retina during
	Development of Retinogeniculate Pathways}},
  journal = {Journal of Neuroscience},
  year = {2006},
  volume = {26},
  pages = {5190},
  number = {19},
  keywords = {vision,vision-physiology,plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {Soc Neuroscience},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{Watkins89,
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}
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  number = {11},
  month = mar,
  abstract = {Synaptic scaling is a form of homeostatic plasticity that scales synaptic
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	It has been controversial whether this plasticity is expressed presynaptically,
	postsynaptically, or both. Here we describe in detail the homeostatic
	changes that take place at excitatory synapses in visual cortical
	cultures after 1 or 2 d of activity blockade. After 7-10 d in vitro,
	activity blockade significantly increased postsynaptic accumulation
	of synaptic AMPA receptors via proportional increases in glutamate
	receptor 1 (GluR1) and GluR2. Time-lapse imaging of enhanced green
	fluorescent protein-tagged AMPA receptors revealed that receptor
	accumulation increased progressively over 2 d of activity blockade
	and affected the entire population of imaged synapses. The strength
	of synaptic connections between pyramidal neurons was more than doubled
	after activity blockade without affecting short-term depression or
	the coefficient of variation of the postsynaptic responses. Furthermore,
	uptake of the fluorescent styryl dye FM1-43 (N-(3-triethylammoniumpropyl)-4-[4-(dibutylamino)styryl]
	pyridinium dibromide) by presynaptic terminals was not different
	at control and activity-blocked synapses. In addition to the increased
	accumulation of postsynaptic AMPA receptors, boosting of dendritic
	AMPA currents by sodium channels was increased by activity blockade.
	These data indicate that, at young neocortical synapses, synaptic
	scaling has a predominantly postsynaptic locus and functions as a
	gain control mechanism to regulate neuronal activity without affecting
	the dynamics of synaptic transmission.},
  comment = {10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5217-04.2005},
  keywords = {plasticity},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  url = {http://www.jneurosci.org/cgi/content/abstract/25/11/2895}
}
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  pages = {219--246},
  number = {2},
  citeulike-article-id = {2381248},
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}
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  owner = {sprekeler},
  pmid = {6811951},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
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}
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}
@article{Wiesenfeld94,
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}
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	learning},
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  year = {1992},
  volume = {8},
  pages = {229-256}
}
@article{Williams92a,
  author = {Williams, R.J.},
  title = {{Simple Statistical Gradient-Following Algorithms for Connectionist
	Reinforcement Learning}},
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  year = {1992},
  volume = {8},
  pages = {229--256},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  publisher = {Springer},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
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  title = {Attractor dynamics in the hippocampal representation of the local
	environment},
  journal = {Science},
  year = {2005},
  volume = {308},
  pages = {873--876},
  keywords = {Hippocampus},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Willshaw69,
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}
@article{Willshaw76,
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@incollection{Wilson90,
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}
@article{Wilson73,
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}
@article{Wilson72,
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@inproceedings{Wilson89,
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}
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  pages = {498--509}
}
@article{Wilson93,
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  year = {1993},
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  pages = {1055-1058}
}
@incollection{Wimbauer95a,
  author = {S. Wimbauer and W. Gerstner and J.L. van Hemmen},
  title = {A developmental model of spatio-temporal receptive field properties
	for simple cells in the visual cortex},
  booktitle = {ICANN'95},
  publisher = {Springer},
  year = {1995},
  editor = {xx},
  volume = {xx},
  pages = {(preprint)},
  keywords = {Vision}
}
@article{Wimbauer98,
  author = {S. Wimbauer and W. Gerstner and J.L. van Hemmen},
  title = {Analysis of a correlation-based model for the development of orientation-selective
	receptive fields in the visual cortex},
  journal = {Network},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {9},
  pages = {449-466},
  keywords = {Vision}
}
@incollection{Wimbauer94b,
  author = {S. Wimbauer and W. Gerstner and J. L. van Hemmen},
  title = {Motion detection in a Linsker network},
  booktitle = {ICANN'94, Proceedings of the International Conference on Artificial
	Neural Networks, Sorrento, Italy, 26-19 May 1994},
  publisher = {Springer-Verlag, London},
  year = {1994},
  editor = {M. Marinaro and P. G. Morasso},
  pages = {1001-1004},
  keywords = {Vision}
}
@article{Wimbauer94c,
  author = {S. Wimbauer and W. Gerstner and J. L. van Hemmen},
  title = {Emergence of spatio-temporal receptive fields and its application
	to motion detection},
  journal = {Biol. Cybern.},
  year = {1994},
  volume = {72},
  pages = {81-92},
  keywords = {Vision}
}
@inproceedings{Wimbauer95b,
  author = {S. Wimbauer and J. L. van Hemmen},
  title = {Hebbian unlearning.},
  booktitle = {Analysis of Dynamical and Cognitive Systems},
  year = {1995},
  editor = {S. I. Andersson},
  volume = {888},
  series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
  pages = {121--136},
  publisher = {Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York}
}
@article{Wimbauer94a,
  author = {S. Wimbauer and N. Klemmer and J. L. van Hemmen},
  title = {Universality of unlearning.},
  journal = {Neural Networks},
  year = {1994},
  volume = {7}
}
@inproceedings{Wimbauer97,
  author = {S. Wimbauer and O. Wenisch and J.L. van Hemmen},
  title = {A linear Hebbian model for the development of spatiotemporal receptive
	fields of simple cells},
  booktitle = {Artificial Neural Networks, ICANN'97},
  year = {1997},
  editor = {W. Gerstner et al.},
  address = {Heidelberg},
  publisher = {Springer},
  keywords = {Vision}
}
@article{Wimbauer97b,
  author = {S. Wimbauer and O. G. Wenisch and J. L. {van Hemmen} and K. D. Miller},
  title = {Development of spatiotemporal receptive fields of simple cells: II.
	Simulation and analysis},
  journal = {Biol. Cybern.},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {77},
  pages = {463--477},
  annote = {visual cortex, V1, development, spatiotemporal receptive fields,
	simple cells},
  keywords = {Vision}
}
@article{Wimbauer97a,
  author = {S. Wimbauer and O. G. Wenisch and K. D. Miller and J. L. {van Hemmen}},
  title = {Development of spatiotemporal receptive fields of simple cells: I.
	Model formulation},
  journal = {Biol. Cybern.},
  year = {1997},
  volume = {77},
  pages = {453--461},
  annote = {visual cortex, V1, development, spatiotemporal receptive fields,
	simple cells},
  keywords = {Vision}
}
@book{Winfree80,
  title = {The geometry of biological time},
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}
@incollection{Wiskott05,
  author = {Laurenz Wiskott},
  title = {How Does Our Visual System Achieve Shift and Size Invariance?},
  booktitle = {23 Problems in Systems Neuroscience},
  publisher = {Oxford University Press},
  year = {2005},
  editor = {J. L. {van Hemmen} and T. J. Sejnowski},
  keywords = {vision, Vision-Models, invariance learning, slowness},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  urlabstract = {http://itb.biologie.hu-berlin.de/~wiskott/Abstracts/Wisk2005a.html},
  urlpaper = {http://itb.biologie.hu-berlin.de/~wiskott/Publications/Wisk2003a-Invariances-CogPrints.pdf},
  urlpaper2 = {http://itb.biologie.hu-berlin.de/~wiskott/Publications/Wisk2003a-Invariances-CogPrints.ps.gz},
  urlpaper3 = {http://cogprints.org/3321/01/Wiskott2003.pdf},
  urlpaper4 = {http://cogprints.org/3321/02/Wiskott2003.ps}
}
@inproceedings{Wiskott98a,
  author = {L. Wiskott},
  title = {Learning Invariance Manifolds},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Artificial Neural
	Networks, ICANN'98, Sk{\"o}vde},
  year = {1998},
  editor = {L. Niklasson and M. Bod{\'e}n and T. Ziemke},
  series = {Perspectives in Neural Computing},
  pages = {555--560},
  address = {London},
  month = sep,
  publisher = {Springer},
  isbn = {3-540-76263-9},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@misc{Wiskott03,
  author = {L. Wiskott},
  title = {{Estimating Driving Forces of Nonstationary Time Series with Slow
	Feature Analysis}},
  howpublished = {arXiv.org e-Print archive, \url{http://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0312317/}},
  month = dec,
  year = {2003},
  abstract = {Slow feature analysis (SFA) is a new technique for extracting slowly
	varying features from a quickly varying signal. It is shown here
	that SFA can be applied to nonstationary time series to estimate
	a single underlying driving force with high accuracy up to a constant
	offset and a factor. Examples with a tent map and a logistic map
	illustrate the performance.},
  keywords = {driving force, nonlinear time series analysis, nonstationary time
	series, slow feature analysis},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@article{Wiskott03a,
  author = {Laurenz Wiskott},
  title = {Slow Feature Analysis: {A} Theoretical Analysis of Optimal Free Responses},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2003},
  volume = {15},
  pages = {2147--2177},
  number = {9},
  month = sep,
  abstract = {Temporal slowness is a learning principle that allows learning of
	invariant representations by extracting slowly varying features from
	quickly varying input signals. Slow feature analysis (SFA) is an
	efficient algorithm based on this principle, which has been applied
	to the learning of translation, scale, and other invariances in a
	simple model of the visual system. Here a theoretical analysis of
	the optimization problem solved by SFA is presented, which provides
	a deeper understanding of the simulation results obtained in previous
	studies.},
  keywords = {invariance learning, SFA, slowness},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  urlabstract = {http://itb.biologie.hu-berlin.de/~wiskott/Abstracts/Wisk2003b.html},
  urlpaper = {http://itb.biologie.hu-berlin.de/~wiskott/Publications/Wisk2003b-SFATheoryFree-NC.pdf},
  urlpaper2 = {http://itb.biologie.hu-berlin.de/~wiskott/Publications/Wisk2003b-SFATheoryFree-NC.ps.gz}
}
@article{Wiskott02,
  author = {L. Wiskott and T.J. Sejnowski},
  title = {Slow feature analysis: unsupervised learning of invariances},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {715-770}
}
@article{Wiskott02a,
  author = {Laurenz Wiskott and Terrence Sejnowski},
  title = {Slow Feature Analysis: Unsupervised Learning of Invariances},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {2002},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {715--770},
  number = {4},
  abstract = {Invariant features of temporally varying signals are useful for analysis
	and classification. Slow feature analysis (SFA) is a new method for
	learning invariant or slowly varying features from a vectorial input
	signal. SFA is based on a non-linear expansion of the input signal
	and application of principal component analysis to this expanded
	signal and its time derivative. It is guaranteed to find the optimal
	solution within a family of functions directly and can learn to extract
	a large number of decorrelated features, which are ordered by their
	degree of invariance. SFA can be applied hierarchically to process
	high dimensional input signals and to extract complex features. Slow
	feature analysis is applied first to complex cell tuning properties
	based on simple cell output including disparity and motion. Then,
	more complicated input-output functions are learned by repeated application
	of SFA. Finally, a hierarchical network of SFA-modules is presented
	as a simple model of the visual system. The same unstructured network
	can learn translation, size, rotation, contrast, or, to a lesser
	degree, illumination invariance for one-dimensional objects, depending
	only on the training stimulus. Surprisingly, only a few training
	objects sufficed to achieve good generalization to new objects. The
	generated representation is suitable for object recognition. Performance
	degrades, if the network is trained to learn multiple invariances
	simultaneously.},
  keywords = {invariance learning, SFA, slowness, Vision-Models, vision},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14},
  urlabstract = {http://itb.biologie.hu-berlin.de/~wiskott/Abstracts/WisSej2002.html},
  urlpaper = {http://itb.biologie.hu-berlin.de/~wiskott/Publications/WisSej2002-LearningInvariances-NC.ps.gz}
}
@article{Wiskott98,
  author = {L. Wiskott and T.J. Sejnowski},
  title = {Constraint optimization for neural map formation: a unifying framework
	for weight growth and normalization},
  journal = {Neural Computation},
  year = {1998},
  volume = {10},
  pages = {671-716}
}
@article{Wolf94,
  author = {F. Wolf and H.--U. Bauer and T. Geisel},
  title = {Formation of field discontinuities and islands in visual cortical
	maps.},
  journal = {Biol. Cybern.},
  year = {1994},
  volume = {70},
  pages = {525--531}
}
@inproceedings{Wolf06,
  author = {Lior Wolf and Stan Bileschi and Ethan Meyers},
  title = {Perception Strategies in Hierarchichal Visual Systems},
  booktitle = {Proc. IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition},
  year = {2006},
  keywords = {Vision-Models},
  owner = {sprekeler},
  timestamp = {2008.04.14}
}
@book{Wolfram,
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